摘要：
Nanoresistant particles based on chemically modified starch (RS IV) are prepared through a high-speed shearing emulsification method, and the effects of shear speed, shear time, oil/water ratio, and surfactant amount on the particle size are evaluated in this study. The as-prepared RS IV nanoparticles yield approximate to 300 nm narrow peak with notches and grooves on the surface. In vitro digestibility results suggest that these nanoparticles exhibit high resistance in the stomach, small intestine, and colon contents of mice. A raman assay confirms that a crosslinking reaction occurs between the RSIV molecule and N,N '-methylenediacrylamide. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) reveal that RS IV nanoparticles present an amorphous structure. In addition, the RS IV nanoparticles have good thermal and storage stabilities. In comparison with RS IV, RS IV nanoparticles have a larger specific surface area, smaller average pore size, higher loading capacity and encapsulation efficiency, and better in vitro release properties of drugs.
通讯机构：
[Lin, Qinlu] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Food Sci & Engn, Natl Engn Lab Rice & Prod Further Proc, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.
关键词：
gold;nanorods;detection;surface
摘要：
The development of new methods for applications of detection in the biological field is a topic of intense and growing interest. The currently practiced methods for biological detection have many defects, such as time-consuming, low accuracy, and cumbersome for operators. Gold nanorods (AuNRs) have received tremendous attention recently in the fields of biological detection owing to the unique characteristics of surface plasmon resonance (SPR), which provides a remarkable ability to absorb and scatter light. Furthermore, AuNRs can be functionalized with a wide variety of biomolecules for targeted detection. Moreover, their versatility and unique properties have generated more applications in medical areas. In this review, we briefly outline the synthesis and surface modification of AuNRs, and focus on the recent advances of the application of AuNRs in detection field. Finally, the outlook and future prospect on the development of AuNRs are provided.
摘要：
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the deadliest malignant tumors that are harmful to human health. Increasing evidence has underscored the critical role of the competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory networks among various human cancers. However, the complexity and behavior characteristics of the ceRNA network in HCC were still unclear. In this study, we aimed to clarify a phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)-related ceRNA regulatory network and identify potential prognostic markers associated with HCC. The expression profiles of three RNAs (long non-coding RNAs [lncRNAs], microRNAs [miRNAs], and mRNAs) were extracted from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The DLEU2L-hsa-miR-100-5p/ hsa-miR-99a-5p-TAOK1 ceRNA network related to the prognosis of HCC was obtained by performing bioinformatics analysis. Importantly, we identified the DLEU2L/TAOK1 axis in the ceRNA by using correlation analysis, and it appeared to become a clinical prognostic model by Cox regression analysis. Furthermore, methylation analyses suggested that the abnormal upregulation of the DLEU2L/TAOK1 axis likely resulted from hypomethylation, and immune infiltration analysis showed that the DLEU2L/TAOK1 axis may have an impact on the changes in the tumor immune microenvironment and the development of HCC. In summary, the current study constructing a ceRNA-based DLEU2L/TAOK1 axis might be a novel important prognostic factor associated with the diagnosis and prognosis of HCC.
摘要：
Formaldehyde (FA, HCHO) is a highly reactive carbonyl species, which is very harmful to humans and the environment as a tissue fixative and preservative. Therefore, developing some highly sensitive, selective, and rapid detection methods is significant for human health in food safety and environmental protection. Herein, a two-photon (TP) ratiometric sensor, CmNpCHO, has been constructed by conjugating a TP donor (fl-push-pull-structure) with a FA off-on acceptor (functioned with hydrazide moiety) via a nonconjugated linker through the fluorescence resonance energy transfer mechanism. Such a scaffold affords CmNp-CHO a reliable and specific probe for detecting FA with two well-resolved emission peaks separated by 124 nm. Also, it responds to FA rapidly with high selectivity and sensitivity during 1.0 min and a large ratio enhancement at I-550/I-426 with addition of 0-20/mu M FA, exhibiting , similar to 4-fold ratio increase and a fairly low LOD of 8.3 +/- 0.3 nM. Moreover, CmNp-CHO has been successfully employed for detecting FA in live cells, onion tissues, and zebrafish, exhibiting that CmNp-CHO can serve as a useful tool for investigating FA in real food application and offering strong theoretical support and technical means for investigation of physiological and pathological functions of FA.
摘要：
Dear Editor,Tumor-suppressor protein p53 is important for cell function and genome integrity.1 The decrease of p53 protein is a common feature of human malignant tumors,which leads to the deficiency of cell cycle detection point control and apoptosis induction.An enormous amount of research effort goes into small molecules that regulate p53,including wild-type repair of mutant p53 gene and interruption of the binding between p53 and an E3-ubiquitin ligase Mdm2 to prevent ubiquitination degradation of p53 and rescue the protein level of p53.2 However,it is not clear whether it is necessary to continue to inhibit the ubiquitin activity of proteasome in order to restore the p53 protein level.
摘要：
In this study, the physicochemical properties (total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N), pH, and peroxide value) and the volatile flavors of yak meat were systematically evaluated during chilled (0 degrees C) and controlled freezing-point (- 2 degrees C) storage. The TVB-N reached 15.21 mg/100 g after 18 days of storage at 0 degrees C, which exceeded the secondary freshness value according to the Chinese national standard. For storage at - 2 degrees C, the TVB-N did not exceed 15 mg/100 g until 24 days. Compared with storage at 0 degrees C, the samples stored at - 2 degrees C had a slower rate of increase in TVB-N, pH, and peroxide values. The changes in volatile compounds in yak meat during storage at - 2 degrees C and 0 degrees C for 24 days were investigated using headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The correlations between the changes in the volatile compound contents and meat quality deterioration revealed significant negative correlations (r(min) = 0.902, p < 0.05) between some aldehyde flavor components (nonanal, heptanal, benzaldehyde, decanal, and myristal) and TVB-N in the samples stored at controlled freezing-point and chilled temperatures. The decreases in nonanal, benzaldehyde, and myristal contents in yak meat followed zero order reaction kinetics. This result indicated, because of the highly selective and sensitive colorimetric detection method, that volatile compounds can effectively predict the decay in quality of yak meat stored at low temperature in advance. Thus, based on physicochemical and volatile flavor analyses, a new method is proposed to investigate the storage and preservation of yak meat.
摘要：
Monascus pigments (MPs), the secondary metabolites produced by the fungal strains of Monascus spp., hold commercial importance in not only the food and meat industries, but also therapeutic, cosmetic, and textile industries. To reduce the cost of MPs production, the utilization of rice straw hydrolysate as a substrate in submerged fermentation was investigated. The atmospheric and room temperature plasma (ARTP) mutation system was employed to develop a mutant strain Monascus purpureus M630, with high total extracellular Monascus pigments (exMPs) production of 34.12 U/mL in submerged fermentation with glucose-based medium. The results revealed that M. purpureus M630 produces 8.61 U/mL and 20.86 U/mL of exMPs in rice straw hydrolysate alone or in combination with glucose fermentation medium, respectively. Furfural (Fur) and 5'-hydroxymethyl furfural (5'-HMF), produced during pretreatment and hydrolysis of rice straw; are generally inhibitory for microbial growth and fermentation. Our findings revealed that M. purpureus M630 develops the tolerance and adaptation mechanisms in response to 5'-HMF and Fur during growth and MPs biosynthesis in rice straw hydrolysate. In conclusion, we report that rice straw hydrolysate can serve as an efficient and low-cost substitute for the MP production through submerged fermentation by Monascus spp. (C) 2019, The Society for Biotechnology, Japan. All rights reserved.
摘要：
Using simple and commonly available devices for signal reading has attracted much attention recently for DNA-based sensors. Most previous works focused on electrochemical or colorimetric signals. In this work, a portable device was structured by simple electronic and 3D-printed components to convert fluorescence signal to electric resistance with reading by a multimeter. To demonstrate its application, we took advantage of the slow ligand bind kinetics of Cr3+ to promote DNA adsorption on metal oxide nanoparticles (MONPs). Nanoceria (CeO2), screened from a total of 13 kinds of MONPs, possesses high specificity for Cr3+ from other metal ions. EDTA can mask other metal ions, while it cannot bind Cr3+ quickly so that Cr3+ promotes DNA adsorption and thus fluorescence quenching. The linear range is from 0 to 2 mu M Cr3+ with a LOD of 0.02 mu M. Using common electronic components and the 3D-printed miniaturized device, the sensor to transfer fluorescence to electric resistant signal was also measured by a digital multimeter. In this case, the LOD is about 1 mu M Cr3+. Such a strategy may provide a simple and general approach for fluorescent portable device fabrication and may find applications for other onsite sensing applications.
期刊：
Small Methods,2020年4(4):ARTN 1900387 ISSN：2366-9608
通讯作者：
Lin, Qinlu;Chang, Huan-Tsung
作者机构：
[Xu, Dong; Lin, Qinlu] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Food Sci & Engn, Natl Engn Lab Rice & By Prod Further Proc, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China;[Xu, Dong; Lin, Qinlu] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Hunan Key Lab Processed Food Special Med Purpose, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China;[Chang, Huan-Tsung] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Chem, Roosevelt Rd, Taipei 10617, Taiwan;[Chang, Huan-Tsung] Chung Yuan Christian Univ, Dept Chem, Taoyuan 32023, Taiwan
通讯机构：
[Lin, Qinlu; Chang, Huan-Tsung] C;[Chang, Huan-Tsung] N;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Food Sci & Engn, Natl Engn Lab Rice & By Prod Further Proc, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China. Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Hunan Key Lab Processed Food Special Med Purpose, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China. Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Chem, Roosevelt Rd, Taipei 10617, Taiwan. Chung Yuan Christian Univ, Dept Chem, Taoyuan 32023, Taiwan.
关键词：
carbon dots;fluorescence;imaging;sensing
摘要：
Carbon dots (C dots) with biocompatibility, brightness, stability against photoirradiation and salt, and ease in preparation have become important materials for sensing and imaging. They can be prepared from natural materials and small organic molecules through hydrothermal, microwave-assistant, and electrochemical methods, with advantages of simplicity and low cost. To enhance the quantum yields of C dots in the red and near-infrared regions, doping of C dots with heteroatoms such as nitrogen and sulfur has been suggested. C dots both with and without being functionalized recognition elements such as antibodies and aptamers are selective and sensitive for sensing of analytes, including metal ions (e.g., Fe3+, Hg2+, Cu2+), small molecules (e.g., H2O2, cysteine, glutathione), and biopolymers like proteins, as well as for in vitro and in vivo imaging. Depending on the size, charge, and surface ligands of C dots used to label cells, fluorescence images of different organelles are shown. Multicolor images of bacteria, mammalian cells, and plant tissues incubated with C dots are realized when excited at different wavelengths. In this review, many excellent sensing and imaging examples of C dots are presented to highlight their features and to show their challenges for analytical applications.
摘要：
As one of the common cancers that threaten human life, the recurrence and metastasis of colorectal cancer seriously affect the prognosis of patients. Although new drugs and comprehensive treatments have been adopted, the current treatment effect on this tumor, especially in advanced colorectal cancer, is still not satisfactory. More and more evidence shows that tumors are likely to be a stem cell disease. In recent years, the rise of cancer stem cell theory has provided a new way for cancer treatment. Studies have found that a small number of special cells in colorectal cancer tissues that induce tumorigenesis, proliferation, and promote tumor migration and metastasis, namely, colorectal cancer stem cells. Colorectal cancer stem cells are defined with a group of cell-surface markers, such as CD44, CD133, CD24, epithelial cell adhesion factor molecule, LGR5, and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase. They are highly tumorigenic, aggressive, and chemoresistant and thus are critical in the metastasis and recurrence of colorectal cancer. Therefore, targeting colorectal cancer stem cells may become an important research direction for the future cure of colorectal cancer.
摘要：
Selenium is a biologically essential micronutrient element serving as an essential building block for selenoproteins (SePs), which is playing a key role in various cellular functions. Hence, it is of great significance to developing a reliable and rapid method for detection of Sec in biosystems. Compared with the previously reported probes that have been developed for selective detection of Sec, two-photon (TP) ratiometric Sec-specific probes would be advantageous for the NIR excitation and built-in correction of the dual emission bands. To quantitatively and selectively detect Sec over biothiols with rapid and sensitive response, we for the first time report a new fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based TP ratiometric fluorescence probe CmNp-Sec, which was constructed by conjugating a TP fluorophore 6 (coumarin derivative with a D-p-A-structure) with a naphthalimide fluorophore 9 via a non-conjugated linker, and employed a 4-dinitrobenzene-ether (DNB) with a strong ICT effect as Sec responsive moiety. It exhibits quantitatively detect Sec in a wide range (0-50 mu M) with a limit of detection of 7.88 nM within 10 min. More impressively, this probe can be conveniently used to detect Sec in living cells, tissues and zebrafish, demonstrating it has the latent capability in further biological applications.
