摘要：
Curcumin, a yellow pigment present in the spice turmeric (Curcuma longa), has been linked with various bioactivities, but its optimum potential is limited by its lack of dispersibility in aqueous solvents and poor oral bioavailability. Here, we employed a protein-based nanoparticle approach to improve bioactivity and bioavailability. Curcumin was encapsulated with 95.94% efficiency in biodegradable nanoparticulate formulation based on rice bran albumin (RBA). The mean particle diameter and zeta-potential of curcumin-loaded RBA nanoparticles (Cur-RBA-NPs) were 120 nm and -36.3 mV, respectively. The in vitro bioactivity and in vivo bioavailability of Cur-RBA-NPs were evaluated. The results indicated that the in vitro bioactivities (antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory activity, and anti-proliferative activity on tumor cells) of Cur-RBA-NPs were superior to those of free curcumin, respectively. Moreover, Cur-RBA-NPs significantly enhanced the bioavailability of curcumin in rats as compared with free curcumin. Besides, the results clearly indicated the promise of RBA-based nanoparticles for oral delivery of poorly bioavailable molecules like curcumin. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
摘要：
Contamination of water by meat production is an important and extensive environmental problem and even threat to human health. Biodegradation is a major mechanism which removes the pollutants from the environment. Therefore, the present study aimed to isolate and characterize a COD degrading bacteria which can effectively degrade slaughter wastewater. Six COD degrading bacteria were isolated from slaughtering waste water and sludge in Hunan a meat product Co., Ltd. And the COD degradation rate of each strain was determined by potassium permanganate method. Through observing morphologically and analyzing sequence to 16S rDNA, the highest COD degradation strain was Bacillus velezensis by preliminarily identified and classified, reaching 11.80%. The suitable conditions of the growth of Bacillus velezensis strain were 37 degrees C, pH 7.0, the peptone concentration 1.5%, and the yeast extract concentration 0.8%. (C) 2018 Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of King Saud University.
摘要：
With the increasing development of biotechnology and informatics technology, publicly available data in chemistry and biology are undergoing explosive growth. Such wealthy information in these data needs to be extracted and transformed to useful knowledge by various data mining methods. Considering the amazing rate at which data are accumulated in chemistry and biology fields, new tools that process and interpret large and complex interaction data are increasingly important. So far, there are no suitable toolkits that can effectively link the chemical and biological space in view of molecular representation. To further explore these complex data, an integrated toolkit for various molecular representation is urgently needed which could be easily integrated with data mining algorithms to start a full data analysis pipeline. Herein, the python library PyBioMed is presented, which comprises functionalities for online download for various molecular objects by providing different IDs, the pretreatment of molecular structures, the computation of various molecular descriptors for chemicals, proteins, DNAs and their interactions. PyBioMed is a feature-rich and highly customized python library used for the characterization of various complex chemical and biological molecules and interaction samples. The current version of PyBioMed could calculate 775 chemical descriptors and 19 kinds of chemical fingerprints, 9920 protein descriptors based on protein sequences, more than 6000 DNA descriptors from nucleotide sequences, and interaction descriptors from pairwise samples using three different combining strategies. Several examples and five real-life applications were provided to clearly guide the users how to use PyBioMed as an integral part of data analysis projects. By using PyBioMed, users are able to start a full pipelining from getting molecular data, pretreating molecules, molecular representation to constructing machine learning models conveniently. PyBioMed provides various user-friendly and highly customized APIs to calculate various features of biological molecules and complex interaction samples conveniently, which aims at building integrated analysis pipelines from data acquisition, data checking, and descriptor calculation to modeling. PyBioMed is freely available at
http://projects.scbdd.com/pybiomed.html
.
作者机构：
[Guo, Ting; Chai, Xueying; Liu, Jun; Luo, Yunchuan; Lin, Qinlu] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Natl Engn Lab Rice & Byprod Deep Proc, Shaoshan Nan Rd 498, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Guo, Ting; Chai, Xueying; Liu, Jun; Luo, Yunchuan; Lin, Qinlu] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Food Sci & Technol, Shaoshan Nan Rd 498, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Guo, Ting] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Natl Engn Lab Rice & Byprod Deep Proc, Shaoshan Nan Rd 498, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
C. beijerinckii;Phenolic compound;Butanol;Transmembrane;Transcriptome analysis
摘要：
Phenolic compounds generated in hydrolysis of lignocellulosic materials are major limiting factors for biological production of solvents by Clostridia, but it lacks the attention on the study of adaptation or resistance mechanisms in response to phenolic compounds. Gene Cbei_3304, encoding a hypothetical membrane transport protein, was analyzed by bioinformatic method. After insertional inactivation of the functionally uncertain gene Cbei_3304 in Clostridium beijerinckii NCIMB 8052, resulted in enhanced phenolic compounds tolerance. Compared to the parent strain C. beijerinckii NCIMB 8052, evaluation of toxicity showed the recombination stain C. beijerinckii 3304::int had a higher level of tolerance to four model phenolic compounds of lignocellulose-derived microbial inhibitory compounds. A comparative transcriptome analysis showed that the genes were involved in membrane transport proteins (ABC and MFS family) and were up-regulated expression after disrupting gene Cbei_3304. Additionally, the adaptation of C. beijerinckii NCIMB 8052 in response to non-detoxified hemicellulosic hydrolysate was improved by disrupting gene Cbei_3304. Toxicity evaluation of lignocellulose-derived phenolic compounds shows that Cbei_3304 plays a significant role in regulating toxicities tolerance for ABE fermentation by C. beijerinckii, and the adaptation of non-detoxified hemicellulosic hydrolysate is significantly improved after inactivation of Cbei_3304 in wild-type strain C. beijerinckii NCIMB 8052. It provided a potential strategy for generating high inhibitor tolerance strains for using lignocellulosic materials to produce solvents by clostridia in this study.
通讯机构：
College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Processing of Rice and Byproducts, Changsha, China
摘要：
alpha-Ketoglutarate (AKG) can act as an antioxidant both in vitro and in vivo. However, the mechanisms of the protective effects of AKG are still not well understood. We evaluated the effects of AKG supplementation on the regulation of the constitutive-androstane-receptor (CAR) pathway in porcine intestinal cells and piglets exposed to H2O2. Our data showed that AKG treatment significantly increased not only the intra- and extracellular levels of AKG (26.9 +/- 1.31 mumol/g protein, 1064.4 +/- 39.80 mumol/L medium) but also those of Asp (29.3 +/- 0.21 mumol/g, 4.20 +/- 0.11 mumol/L), Gln (24.82 +/- 1.50 mumol/g, 1087.80 +/- 16.10 mumol/L), and Glu (91.90 +/- 3.6 mumol/g, 19.76 +/- 1.00 mumol/L). There was approximately a 4-fold increase in alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase mRNA levels in enterocytes and a simultaneous reduction in ROS levels ( P < 0.05). Moreover, AKG treatment increased the activities of the antioxidant enzymes and the efficiency of cellular respiration ( P < 0.05). AKG also regulated the mRNA levels of the target genes involved in antioxidant responses and xenobiotic detoxification in enterocytes. Increases in the protein levels of SOD1, SOD2, CAR, RXRalpha, and UCP2 and marked reductions in the expression levels of Nrf2 and Keap1 proteins ( P < 0.05) were observed after AKG administration in the H2O2-induced piglets. Our results indicated that AKG may protect against oxidative stress by activating CAR signaling and modulating the expression of key antioxidant-related targets, which improves cellular respiration and antioxidant capacity. The in vivo and in vitro effects of AKG suggest that it may prove to be useful in the reduction of oxidative stress in animal and human trials and subsequent prevention of gastrointestinal pathologies.
