作者机构：
[Li, Jia; Chen, Yunche; Li, Dongxia; Wang, Linkai] Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Wenchang,Hainan 571339,PR China;[Chen, Yunche] College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University,Chongqing 401331,PR China;[Liu, Liyun] Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Wenchang,Hainan 571339,PR China. Electronic address: lly1995@126.com;[Li, Meng] College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha,Hunan 410004,PR China. Electronic address: limeng0422@foxmail.com
通讯机构：
[Liu, Liyun; Li, Meng] C;Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Wenchang,Hainan 571339,PR China. Electronic address:;College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha,Hunan 410004,PR China. Electronic address:
关键词：
A. catechu;Ethylene response transcription factor (ERF);Fruitlet abscission;Ploygalacturonase;Tomato
摘要：
Procedural abscission of outer reproductive organs during flower and fruit development occurs in most plant lineages. Undesired abscission, such as fruitlet shedding causes considerable yield loss in many fruit-producing species. Ethylene is one of the key factors regulating organ abscission. However, the participants involved in the ethylene-mediated abscission pathway remains largely unidentified. In this study, we focused on the ethylene response transcription factors (ERFs) regulating fruitlet abscission in an industrial tree species, A. catechu. A total of 165 ERF genes have been found in the A. catechu genome and eight of these showed distinct expression between the "about-to-abscise" and "non-abscised" samples. An AcERF116 gene with high expression level in the fruit abscission zone (FAZ) was selected for further study. Overexpression of the AcERF116 gene accelerated cell separation in the abscission zone (AZ) and promoted pedicel abscission in transgenic tomato lines. The PG (ploygalacturonase) activity was enhanced in the FAZs of A. catechu fruitlets during ethylene-induced fruitlet abscission, while the PME (pectin methylesterase) activity was suppressed. In addition, cytosolic alkalization was observed in the AZs during abscission in both tomato and A. catechu. Our results suggest that AcERF116 plays a critical role in the crosstalk of ethylene and fruitlet abscission in A. catechu.
摘要：
BACKGROUND: WD40 transcription factors are crucial in plant growth and developmental, significantly impacting plant growth regulation. This study investigates the WD40 transcription factor HmWDR68's role in developing the distinctive blue infertile flower colors in Hydrangea macrophylla 'Forever Summer'. METHODS AND RESULTS: The HmWDR68 gene was isolated by PCR, revealing an open reading frame of 1026 base pairs, which encodes 341 amino acids. Characterized by four WD40 motifs, HmWDR68 is a member of the WD40 family. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that HmWDR68 shares high homology with PsWD40 in Camellia sinensis and CsWD40 in Paeonia suffruticosa, both of which are integral in anthocyanin synthesis regulation. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis demonstrated that HmWDR68 expression in the blue infertile flowers of 'Forever Summer' hydrangea was significantly higher compared to other tissues and organs. Additionally, in various hydrangea varieties with differently colored infertile flowers, HmWDR68 expression was markedly elevated in comparison to other hydrangea varieties, correlating with the development of blue infertile flowers. Pearson correlation analysis revealed a significant association between HmWDR68 expression and the concentration of delphinidin 3-O-glucoside, as well as key genes involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis (HmF3H, HmC3'5'H, HmDFR, and HmANS) in the blue infertile flowers of 'Forever Summer' hydrangea (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: These findings suggest HmWDR68 may specifically regulate blue infertile flower formation in hydrangea by enhancing delphinidin-3-O-glucoside synthesis, modulating expression of HmF3H, HmC3'5'H, HmDFR and HmANS. This study provides insights into HmWDR68's role in hydrangea's blue flowers development, offering a foundation for further research in this field.
作者机构：
[Yan, Danni; Song, Hao; Bao, Binqiang; Li, Xuan] State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China;[Zheng, Yi; Jin, Yingshan] Beijing Academy of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Beijing 100044, China;[Ma, Ying] Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xian 710061, China;[Hu, Baoan] School of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China;[Tian, Huixia] School of Environment and Resources, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
通讯机构：
[Yanzheng Yang] S;State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China<&wdkj&>University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
摘要：
Climate change is endangering the soil carbon stock of alpine grasslands on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP), but the limited comprehension regarding the mechanisms that sustain carbon storage under hydrothermal changes increases the uncertainty associated with this finding. Here, we examined the relative abundance of soil microbial keystone taxa and their functional potentials, as well as their influence on soil carbon storage with increased precipitation across alpine grasslands on the QTP, China. The findings indicate that alterations in precipitation significantly decreased the relative abundance of the carbon degradation potentials of keystone taxa, such as chemoheterotrophs. The inclusion of keystone taxa and their internal functional potentials in the two best alternative models explained 70% and 63% of the variance in soil organic carbon (SOC) density, respectively. Moreover, we found that changes in chemoheterotrophs had negative effects on SOC density as indicated by a structural equation model, suggesting that some specialized functional potentials of keystone taxa are not conducive to the accumulation of carbon sink. Our study offers valuable insights into the intricate correlation between precipitation-induced alterations in soil microbial keystone taxa and SOC storage, highlighting a rough categorization is difficult to distinguish the hidden threats and the importance of incorporating functional potentials in SOC storage prediction models in response to changing climate.
摘要：
Climate changes have dramatically affected forest succession. However, how trees at different successional stages respond to climate warming is unclear in the subtropics. Here, we compared the radial growth (RW) and xylem features of the early-successional stage Castanea mollissima and late-successional stage Quercus fabri in subtropical forests and assessed their response to climate changes. All parameters, including RW, number of vessels (VN), vessel density (VD), mean (MVA) and total (TVA) vessel area, percentage of conductive area within xylem (RCTA), theoretical (Kh) and xylem-specific (Ks) hydraulic conductivity, except for MVA of C. mollissima were significantly higher than those of Q. fabri. During the drought period, a notable adverse correlation between two cluster parameters of Q. fabri, associated with hydraulic safety and efficiency, suggested a pronounced hydraulic trade-off in Q. fabri under drought conditions. Castanea mollissima was more sensitive to climate and more prone to hydraulic failure than Q. fabri. Temperatures and moisture conditions positively and negatively affected the hydraulic efficiency-related parameters of C. mollissima. Moisture conditions in the previous summer and winter were significantly negatively and positively related to the radial growth of both species. The impact of generalized warming was not evident due to variations in hydraulic strategies and species characteristics, trade-offs between non-growing and growing season climates, and specific competition. If climate warming continues, C. mollissima growth will probably significantly decline due to the increasing risk of hydraulic failure. Warming may accelerate species replacement and forest succession in the study area by changing their lifespans and competitive relationships.
作者机构：
College of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China;School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Renewable Bioproducts Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, United States;Ministry of Forestry Bioethanol Research Center, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China;Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Woody Biomass Conversion, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China;Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, United States
通讯机构：
[Lin Zhang] C;College of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China<&wdkj&>Ministry of Forestry Bioethanol Research Center, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China<&wdkj&>Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Woody Biomass Conversion, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China<&wdkj&>Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, United States
摘要：
The cost-effective and low-carbon fractionation of lignocellulosic biomass will enhance the economic viability of bio-refining. To achieve efficient reed fractionation under favorable conditions, microwave-assisted choline chloride and p-toluene sulfonic acid (M-ChCl/p-TsOH) pretreatment was employed. The fractionation of reed components demonstrated higher effectiveness with M-ChCl/p-TsOH pretreatment compared to conventional DES pretreatment. Under M-ChCl/p-TsOH conditions, a high hemicellulose removal rate (∼90%) and delignification rate (∼65%) were achieved while achieving a saccharification rate of 88% during cellulase hydrolysis. Microwave assistance not only significantly reduced reaction time to less than 60 s but also enhanced the pretreatment efficacy. Furthermore, the obtained lignin products consisted of low-polymerization lignin (MW < 800 g/mol) and acid-soluble lignin, providing a solid foundation for subsequent high-value utilization of lignin. This study provides a promising strategy for the low carbon fractionation of reed using DES, aiming to simultaneously achieve efficient cellulose hydrolysis and obtain tractable lignin.
摘要：
As an essential trace element for plant growth and development, manganese plays a crucial role in the uptake of the heavy metal cadmium by rice (Oryza sativa L.). In this study, we developed a novel slow-release manganese fertilizer named Mn@LNS-EL. Initially, lignin nanoparticles were derived from sodium lignosulfonate, and a one-step emulsification strategy was employed to prepare a water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) Pickering double emulsions. These double emulsions served as the template for interfacial polymerization of lignin nanoparticles and epichlorohydrin, resulting in the formation of microcapsule wall materials. Subsequently, manganese fertilizer (MnSO(4)) was successfully encapsulated within the microcapsules. Hydroponic experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of Mn@LNS-EL on rice growth and the cadmium and manganese contents in the roots and shoots of rice under cadmium stress conditions. The results revealed that the treatment with Mn@LNS-EL markedly alleviated the inhibitory effects of cadmium on rice growth, leading to notably lower cadmium levels in the rice roots and shoots compared to the specimens treated without manganese fertilizer. Specifically, there was a reduction of 37.9% in the root cadmium content and a 17.1% decrease in the shoot cadmium content. In conclusion, this study presents an innovative approach for the high-value utilization of lignin through effective encapsulation and slow-release mechanisms of trace-element fertilizers while offering a promising strategy for efficiently remediating cadmium pollution in rice.
作者机构：
[Yuan, Chuan; Yuan, C; Yue, Xiaoping] Zhejiang A&F Univ, Coll Forestry & Biotechnol, Hangzhou 311300, Peoples R China.;[Yuan, Chuan; Yuan, C; Tang, Qiang] Southwest Univ, Sch Geog Sci, Chongqing Jinfo Mt Karst Ecosyst, Natl Observat & Res Stn, Chongqing 400715, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Yafeng] Chinese Acad Sci, Northwest Inst Ecoenvironm & Resources, Shapotou Desert Res & Expt Stn, Lanzhou 730000, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Yu] Hebei Normal Univ, Sch Geog Sci, Shijiazhuang 050024, Peoples R China.;[Xiang, Wenhua; Hu, Yanting] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Fac Life Sci & Technol, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Yuan, C ] Z;Zhejiang A&F Univ, Coll Forestry & Biotechnol, Hangzhou 311300, Peoples R China.;Southwest Univ, Sch Geog Sci, Chongqing Jinfo Mt Karst Ecosyst, Natl Observat & Res Stn, Chongqing 400715, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Ecohydrology;Rainfall redistribution;Nutrients transport;Enrichment characteristics;Climate zones
摘要：
Vegetation canopies intercept and redistribute rainfall into throughfall and stemflow, which transfer substantial amounts of elements into the soil, influencing soil microbial community, plant survival, and plant community succession. Despite advancements in ecohydrological research, the implication of nutrient enrichment resulting from this redistribution of rainfall by canopies remains largely unexplored. To address this gap, we conducted a systematic review of 1020 papers published between 2000 and 2022, gathering data on nutrient concentration and enrichment for critical ions (including K+, Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, NH
4
+
, Cl−, NO
3
−
and SO
4
2−
) from the Web of Science and Chinese Knowledge Infrastructure databases. We aimed to synthesize the mechanisms, quantify the enrichments, and identify global patterns of nutrient enrichment in stemflow and throughfall across climate zones, and vegetation types and ecosystems. The results of this study indicate that stemflow exhibits, on average, 2.1 times greater ion concentration (6.13 mg L−1) compared to throughfall. In particular, among the investigated ions, SO
4
2−
(12.45 and 6.32 mg L−1) for stemflow and throughfall, respectively, and Cl− (9.21 and 4.81 mg L−1) exhibit the highest concentrations in both rainfall redistribution components, while K+ (13.7 and 5.8) and Mg2+ (5.6 and 2.8) have the highest enrichment factors. Across climate zones, throughfall and stemflow show the lowest ion concentrations but the highest enrichment factors in extremely humid regions. Along the temperature gradient, ion concentrations are the highest in cold climates with no clear patterns observed for enrichment factors with increasing temperature. In addition, shrubs, conifers, mixed forests, and artificial ecosystems demonstrate enrichment factors 1.1 to 3.0 times greater than those of trees, broad- leaved plants, pure forests, and natural ecosystems. These findings emphasize the need for increased attentions to artificial ecosystems, such as urban and agricultural ecosystems, which often received limited research focus, especially regarding shrubs and conifers exhibiting stronger nutrients enrichment capabilities. Future investigations should integrate soil moisture analysis to better understand the impact of rainfall redistribution on the nutrient enrichment processes, patterns, and nutrient balance in global terrestrial ecosystems.
摘要：
Metal(loid) contamination of agricultural soils has become an alarming issue due to its detrimental impacts on soil health and global agricultural production. Therefore, environmentally sustainable and cost-effective solutions are urgently required for soil remediation. Biochar, particularly nano-biochar, exhibits superior and high-performance capabilities in the remediation of metal(loid)-contaminated soil, owing to its unique structure and large surface area. Current researches on nano-biochar mainly focus on safety design and property improvement, with limited information available regarding the impact of nano-biochar on soil ecosystems and crop defense mechanisms in metal(loid)-contaminated soils. In this review, we systematically summarized recent progress in the application of nano-biochar for remediation of metal(loid)-contaminated soil, with a focus on possible factors influencing metal(loid) uptake and translocation in soil-crop systems. Additionally, we conducted the potential/related mechanisms by which nano-biochar can mitigate the toxic impacts of metal(loid) on crop production and security. Furthermore, the application of nano-biochar in field trials and existing challenges were also outlined. Future studies should integrate agricultural sustainability and ecosystem health targets into biochar design/selection. This review highlighted the potential of nano-biochar as a promising soil amendment for enhancing the remediation of metal(loid)-contaminated agricultural soils, thereby promoting the synthesis and development of highly efficient nano-biochar towards achieving environmental sustainability.
作者机构：
[Wen, Zhixin; Wen, ZX; Song, Gang; Yang, Qisen; Cheng, Jilong; Yang, QS; Qu, Yanhua; Feijo, Anderson; Lv, Yonglei; Xia, Lin; Cui, Yaqian; Ge, Deyan] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Zool, Key Lab Zool Systemat & Evolut, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China.;[Xie, Wendong; Lv, Yonglei; Cui, Yaqian] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China.;[Pubu, Dunzhu; Dan, Zeng; Hu, Jingjing; Lv, Yonglei; Wu, Erning] Forestry Inventory & Planning Inst Tibet Autonomou, Lhasa 850000, Peoples R China.;[Feijo, Anderson] Field Museum Nat Hist, Negaunee Integrat Res Ctr, Chicago, IL 60605 USA.;[Guo, Keji] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Life Sci & Technol, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Wen, ZX ; Wang, B ; Yang, QS] C;Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Zool, Key Lab Zool Systemat & Evolut, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China.;China West Normal Univ, Key Lab Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conserv, Minist Educ, Nanchong 637002, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Conservation planning in areas prone to human-wildlife interactions requires strong integration between biodiversity protection and other human society needs. Livestock depredation by felids is one of the most reported human-wildlife conflicts in Tibet, reinforced by expanding rangeland and rebounding of wildlife populations. Tibet harbors the richest felid diversity in China; nevertheless, only two protected areas were designated targeting this emblematic group. Here, we combined species distribution modeling and systematic conservation planning approaches to identify priority areas for felid conservation in Tibet. Specifically, we assessed conservation priorities based on three complementary biodiversity indexes (taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic) integrated with livestock density, land use, and human disturbances. Based on the most comprehensive dataset of felid species, we found that large parts of Tibet remain poorly studied and most of the felid populations inhabit unprotected Tibetan lands. In addition, we detected that livestock density is positively related to large-sized felid distributions, reflecting the long-term conflict in this region. Our prioritization analyses identified large priority areas for felid conservation in Tibet. Worrisomely, approximately 76% of them lie outside of existing and planned protected areas, with four noteworthy gaps. The largest extension of these key regions for felid conservation is located in southeastern Tibet close to the border with India, Bhutan, and Nepal, revealing the need for transnational conservation efforts across the Pan -Himalaya region. Our study represents the first attempt of systematic conservation planning for Tibetan felids taking into account the balance between multiple conservation values and competing land use for societal development.
摘要：
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Huzhang-Guizhi herb pair (HGHP), composed of Polygonum cuspidatum (Huzhang [HZ] in Chinese, the root of Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. & Zucc.) and Ramulus Cinnamomi (Guizhi [GZ] in Chinese, the dried twig of Cinnamomum cassia Presl.), is a popular herb pair commonly used to treat arthritis and involved in many Chinese prescriptions. In order to reveal the influence of GZ on HZ on bioavailability, the pharmacokinetic behaviors and tissue distribution variations of the three analytes from HZ were detected between oral administration of HZ and HGHP extracts to rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to two groups for pharmacokinetics study and eight groups for tissues distribution research with the equivalent dose of 18g crude HZ/kg. Assays for analytes from HZ (polydatin, resveratrol, emodin) were developed and validated using high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV). RESULTS: Part pharmacokinetic parameters including area under the concentration-time curve (AUC), the maximum plasma concentration (C(max)), biological half-life (t(1/2)), mean residence time (MRT), time to peak concentration (T(max)), clearance rate/bioavailability (CL/F) and volume of distribution/bioavailability (Vd/F) showed significant difference (P<0.05) after oral administration of HGHP, as compared to those of HZ. The three analytes could be detected in heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney and brain. Compared with the HZ group, AUC(0-t) of polydatin in heart, liver and kidney increased significantly (p<0.05) while that in spleen decreased significantly (p<0.05); AUC(0-t) of resveratrol in all detected tissues increased conspicuously (p<0.05) in the HGHP group; AUC(0-t) of emodin in heart, liver, spleen, lung, and kidney increased conspicuously (p<0.05), and decreased obviously (p<0.05) in brain in the HGHP group. CONCLUSIONS: GZ could strongly influence the pharmacokinetic parameters and tissue distribution characteristics of polydatin, resveratrol and emodin in rats when administrated with HZ or HGHP extracts. It might provide a reference for further explanation of the compatibility mechanism and the clinical application of HGHP.
作者机构：
College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China;National Engineering Laboratory for Applied Technology of Forestry and Ecology in South China, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China;[Hao Li; Wenyuan Gao] Ecological Environment Monitoring Center of Hunan Province, Changsha 410014, China;[Sopan D. Patil] School of Environmental and Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Deiniol Road, Bangor LL57 2UW, UK;Technology Innovation Center for Ecological Protection and Restoration in Dongting Lake Basin, Ministry of Natural Resources, Changsha 410007, China
通讯机构：
[Shuguang Liu] T;Technology Innovation Center for Ecological Protection and Restoration in Dongting Lake Basin, Ministry of Natural Resources, Changsha 410007, China<&wdkj&>College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China<&wdkj&>National Engineering Laboratory for Applied Technology of Forestry and Ecology in South China, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China<&wdkj&>Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
关键词：
straw burning;driving forces;kernel density;Geographically Weighted Regression models;Hunan province
摘要：
Straw burning is a significant source of atmospheric pollutants, releasing particulate matter and trace gases. Capturing the characteristics of straw burning and understanding its influencing factors are important prerequisites for regulating straw burning. Based on the fire points detected by the Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) in Hunan province, China, from 2010 to 2020, this study analyzed the spatiotemporal variations of straw burning and employed Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) models to investigate the underlying forces driving straw burning. The results show that the spatiotemporal characteristics of straw burning in Hunan Province can be categorized into two distinct periods: 2010 to 2014 and 2015 to 2020. The period from 2010 to 2014 witnessed a rapid increase, while the period from 2015 to 2020 experienced fluctuating decreases. The shift is closely linked to the implementation of the straw burning ban policy in 2015. Spatially, the areas with a high number of fire points are primarily located in the southern regions, especially in the border regions between Chenzhou, Yongzhou, Hengyang, and Shaoyang cities. A significant change was found in the impact of economic development and human activity factors on straw burning before and after 2015. These factors include crop yield, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), and road network development. From the implementation of the straw burning ban policy, increases in GDP and settlement density will have a dampening effect on straw burning in a region. Straw burning locations may shift towards regions with relatively slow economic development. The results could serve as a foundation for decision-making to address the issue of straw burning.
摘要：
Dredged sediment has a high-water content and complex contaminant composition, dramatically impacting the environment if not treated and managed correctly. However, at the same time, it is also a valuable phosphorusrich resource. Treating contaminated dredged sediments for resource recycling is critical to achieving sustainable development goals. In this study, a novelty neutral pH electro-Fenton (EF) experimental device was specifically designed for phosphorus (P) transformation study in dredged sediment. Result showed that the transformation of P forms in dredged sediments due to & sdot;OH generation in this EF system. The decrease rates of organic P (OP) and apatite P (Ca-P) were 21.8 % and 69.6 %, respectively, while, the increase rates inorganic P (IP) and non-apatite inorganic P (Fe-P) were 25.2 % and 250.0 %, respectively, after 6 h of EF reaction. Analysis of the microbial community revealed that the EF reaction did not significantly reduce microbial diversity in the dredged sediment (p > 0.05). Furthermore, the abundance of Massilia and Thiobacillus, which are involved in transforming P form, increased significantly following the EF reaction and was positively correlated with Fe-P and IP (R2 > 0.999) and negatively correlated with OP and Ca-P (R2 > 0.999). This study proves that treating polluted dredged sediment with a neutral pH EF system can transform P into bioavailable forms. This work provides a new and sustainable strategy for recycling P from phosphorus-rich waste streams as a substitute for mining P rock.
摘要：
The first comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of the globally distributed leafhopper subfamily Coelidiinae, based on combined molecular and morphological data, resolved relationships among major lineages but indicates that three tribes and some large genera are paraphyletic. The results suggest that some morphological characters previously used to define tribes and genera are not reliable and further comparative morphological analyses will be needed to improve the higher classification of Coelidiinae. Fossil‐calibrated molecular divergence time analysis suggests that Coelidiinae originated ca. 149 Ma in Gondwana, major lineages arose in the Oriental and Neotropical regions, and Oriental Coelidiini arose through dispersal and colonisation from the Afrotropical region. Abstract The phylogenetic relationships among major lineages of the globally distributed leafhopper subfamily Coelidiinae were reconstructed by analysis of 2903 nucleotide positions from two mitochondrial genes (COI and 16S), four nuclear genes (28S, H3, H2A and Wingless) and 102 discrete morphological characters, compiled for 86 species representing 52 genera within 9 coelidiine tribes broadly representative of the world fauna in addition to 12 outgroup taxa. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses yielded well‐resolved phylogenetic estimates that were highly congruent with most branches receiving strong support. The results indicate Coelidiinae sensu stricto (=Coelidiinae sensu lato without Equeefini and Macroceratogoniini), Thagriini, Tharrini, Tinobregmini and Equeefini are monophyletic. However, the two largest tribes, Coelidiini and Teruliini, are paraphyletic, as well as Youngolidiini and most genera of Oriental Coelidiini. Fossil‐calibrated molecular divergence time analysis indicates that the Coelidiinae sensu stricto originated ca. 149 Ma, prior to the complete separation of the Gondwanan continents, and the tribe‐level lineages diverged between the Lower and Upper Cretaceous (92.77–138.03 Ma). The major lineages of Coelidiinae arose in the Oriental and Neotropical regions, and Oriental Coelidiini arose as a result of dispersal and colonisation from the Afrotropical region.
摘要：
Microorganisms regulate soil organic matter (SOM) formation through accumulation and decomposition of microbial necromass, which is directly and indirectly affected by elevated CO2 and N fertilization. We investigated the role of microorganisms in SOM formation by analyzing C-13 recovery in microorganisms and carbon pools in paddy soil under two CO2 levels, with and without N fertilization, after continuous (CO2)-C-13 labelling was stopped. Microbial turnover transferred C-13 from living microbial biomass (determined by the decrease in phospholipid fatty acids) to necromass (determined by the increase in amino sugars). C-13 incorporation in fungal living biomass and necromass was higher than that in bacteria. Bacterial turnover was faster than necromass decomposition, resulting in net necromass accumulation over time; fungal necromass remained stable. Elevated CO2 and N fertilization increased the net accumulation of bacterial, but not fungal, necromass. CO2 levels, but not N fertilization, significantly affected C-13 incorporation in SOM pools. Elevated CO2 increased C-13 in particulate organic matter via the roots, and in the mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM) via bacterial, but not fungal, necromass. Overall, bacterial necromass plays a dominant role in the MAOM formation response to elevated CO2 because bacteria are sensitive to elevated CO2.
期刊：
Process Safety and Environmental Protection,2024年182:405-415 ISSN：0957-5820
通讯作者：
Xu, T
作者机构：
[Tang, Xiting; Zeng, Zhen] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Sch Life Sci & technol, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;[Xu, T; Zhou, Yihui; Xu, Tao] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Sci, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;[Wu, Qingyu; Liu, Kang; Hu, Simeng] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Environm Sci & Engn, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;[Xu, Tao; Yu, Gang] Hunan Univ, Coll Chem & Chem Engn, Changsha 410082, Peoples R China.;[Zhou, Yihui; He, Miao] Aerosp Kaitian Environm Technol Co Ltd, Changsha 410100, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Xu, T ] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Sci, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Sinusoidal alternating current coagulation;Heavy metal ions;Process evaluation;Adsorption behavior;Removal mechanism
摘要：
A novel photovoltaic energy-sinusoidal alternating current coagulation (PE-SACC) system was proposed for the removal of heavy metal ions (HMs) in electroplating wastewater. A response surface methodology was used to study the combined effect of two factors on removal efficiency (Re) and energy consumption (EEC), and the optimal process parameters were obtained. The morphology, surface element content, crystal structure, and chemical composition of the flocs generated during the electrocoagulation (EC) process were characterized using SEM, EDS, XRD, FTIR, and XPS techniques. The intra-particle diffusion model was used to describe the adsorption behavior of HMs (Cu2+, Zn2+ and Ni2+) by flocs. Finally, the removal mechanism of HMs by SACC technology and its application in actual wastewater treatment were discussed in detail. The results revealed that when c(0)(Ni2+) = c(0)(Zn2+) = c(0)(Cu2+) = 50 mg.dm(-3), c (Cl ) over bar = 100 mg.dm(-3), pH(0) = 10, j = 1.3 A.m(-2), t = 85 min, the Re(Cu2+), Re(Zn2+) and Re(Ni2+) were 99.3%, 99.1%, and 98.4%, respectively, and the EEC was 0.105 kWh.m(-3). Compared with the traditional direct current coagulation (DCC), EEC, electrode consumption, and sludge production in SACC mode were reduced by 37.1%, 62.2%, and 66.6%, respectively. The PE-SACC system achieved ultra-low cost treatment of heavy metal electroplating wastewater. The adsorption process included surface adsorption, pore adsorption, and adsorption equilibrium. The mechanisms for the removal of HMs included cathode reduction, alkaline precipitation, and adsorption. In the actual wastewater treatment process, the removal efficiency of HMs could still be maintained above 99%, and the effluent met the national discharge standard (GB 31574-2015). This study presented an economically and environmentally sustainable approach for the evolution and industrial utilization of novel electrocoagulation technologies.
摘要：
Nitrogen (N) is an essential nutrient for ecosystem productivity, restoration and succession processes. Biological N fixation and chemical N addition are both important strategies for accessing N nutrients in soil ecosystem. However, it is unclear which N supplement strategies is more effective in restoring ecosystem stability, partic-ularly in soil micro-food web component, which plays a crucial role in nutrient cycling. Here, an in-situ study was conducted in a natural grassland to investigate the effects of N supply on soil microbial and nematode com-munities by three legume species: Amorpha fruticose (AF), Derris fordii (DF), and Indigofera atropurpurea (IA) at two interplanting densities (1: low density, 1.5 x 2 m; and 2: high density, 1 x 1 m), and by two N fertilization rates (N5: 5 g N m- 2 y-1 and N10: 10 g N m- 2 y-1). Results showed the microbial biomass of total-PLFA, bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes and chlorophyta increased by DF1 and IA2, and the biomasses of total nema-todes, herbivores and omnivores were promoted by AF1, AF2 and DF1, but the biomass of most components was inhibited by N fertilizers. The interactions of soil micro-food web were complicated by DF1 and DF2, but simplified by N5 and N10. Furthermore, different N supplement strategies showed distinct energy flow patterns, such as the bacterial channel was promoted exclusively in AF2, the plant channel was enhanced in AF1 and AF2, and the fungal channel was boosted in DF1 and DF2 but declined in N5 and N10. These results demonstrated that the structure and energy flow of the soil micro-food web might be benefited by legume interplanting but impaired by N fertilizers. In particular, interplanting with D. fordii granted a more sustainable way of N sup-plementation for promoting the complexity and stability of the soil micro-food web, compared to interplanting with other legume species. Our findings provide better understanding of the interactions between legumes and soil biota and have important implications for sustainable restoration of degraded karst grasslands.
期刊：
REVISTA INTERNACIONAL DE MEDICINA Y CIENCIAS DE LA ACTIVIDAD FISICA Y DEL DEPORTE,2024年24(94):532-549 ISSN：1577-0354
通讯作者：
Li, Q
作者机构：
[Li, Qian; Li, Q] Yulin Normal Univ, Coll Fine Arts & Design, Yulin 537006, Guangxi, Peoples R China.;[Wei, Baojing] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Life Sci & Technol, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Li, Q ] Y;Yulin Normal Univ, Coll Fine Arts & Design, Yulin 537006, Guangxi, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Currently, people pay more and more attention to their own health condition, and have shifted from the traditional passive participation in sports to the active participation, which brings the national sports boom is more and more intense. In this paper, we believe that the landscape design of sports scenes should take into account the needs of the public's life and the development trend of changing from landscape form to focus on the harmonious relationship between the human body and the environment, and try to put forward the form of sports landscape in the field of landscape design of sports scenes, and combined with the personalized feedback technology to design an ideal sports landscape design program with a high degree of perception to do a preliminary investigation. This requires designers to provide personalized feedback services, so this paper introduces user interest subclasses, analyses the user's historical behavioral operations, obtains the user's rating value on the interest subclasses, and then calculates the user's interest distribution based on the rating value. Based on the idea of user interest subclasses, considering the local similarity of users, we spread the traditional collaborative filtering algorithm to different interest subclasses for the prediction of overall similarity calculation and rating. Then we combine the calculation results with the user's interest distribution to obtain the final recommendation list of the user. Based on the personalized feedback technology in the sports scene landscape design provides a new perspective and way of thinking, and we hope that the sports scene landscape can bring people a pleasant sports experience, but also can call on more people to strengthen the importance of sports and fitness.
作者机构：
[Liu, Shuguang; Lei, Junjie; Wu, Qinxiang; Li, Zhiqiang; Yan, Wende; Liu, Xin; Wang, Jun; Mao, Can] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Life Sci & Technol, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Shuguang; Li, Zhiqiang; Yan, Wende; Wang, Jun] Natl Engn Lab Appl Forest Ecol Technol Southern Ch, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;[Peng, Yuanying] Lewis Univ, Coll Arts & Sci, Romeoville, IL 60446 USA.;[Chen, Xiaoyong] Governors State Univ, Coll Arts & Sci, University Pk, IL 60484 USA.
通讯机构：
[Chen, XY ] G;[Yan, WD ] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Life Sci & Technol, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;Natl Engn Lab Appl Forest Ecol Technol Southern Ch, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;Governors State Univ, Coll Arts & Sci, University Pk, IL 60484 USA.
关键词：
photosynthetic rate;dynamic process;forest canopy;camphor tree
摘要：
The increase in the global atmospheric CO2 concentration is expected to increase the productivity of forests, but the dynamic processes of such increased productivity in the forest canopy remain unclear. In this study, diurnal and seasonal variations and vertical changes in photosynthetic rates were investigated in Camphor tree (Cinnamomum camphora) forests in subtropical China. The effect of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and CO2 concentrations on photosynthetic rates were also examined in the studied forests. Results showed the diurnal patterns of photosynthesis exhibited two peaks on sunny days, but only one peak on cloudy days. The daily average photosynthetic rate on cloudy days was approximately 74% of that on sunny days. The photosynthetic rate decreased along the vertical forest canopy profile. If the photosynthetic rate in the upper canopy layer was 100%, the corresponding rates were 83% and 25% in the middle and lower canopy layers, respectively. The rates of dark respiration derived from the PAR response curve were 1.73, 1.25, and 1.0 mu mol m(-2) s(-1) for the upper, middle, and lower canopy layers, respectively. The apparent quantum yield of photosynthesis was 0.0183, 0.0186, and 0.0327 mu mol CO2 mu mol(-1) PAR for the upper, middle, and lower canopy, respectively. The initial slope of the photosynthetic response curve to CO2 was highest in the upper canopy and lowest in the lower canopy. The seasonal variation in photosynthetic rates exhibited a two-peaked pattern at all canopy positions, with the two peaks occurring in June and September. The stand biomass and biomass carbon storage were 144.7 t ha(-1) and 71.6 t C ha(-1) in the examined forests, respectively. The study provides a scientific reference for future research on accessing carbon sequestration and designing forest management practices, specifically in regulating canopy structure in subtropical regions.
