摘要：
The optimization of explant selection and adjustment of plant growth regulators (PGRs) ratio may enhance the efficiency of micro-propagation of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis. The findings of the study suggest that the shoot tip proved to be the optimal explant for regenerating adventitious buds, with an impressive regeneration rate of 77.78% and the average number of adventitious buds being 2.86. The ideal medium consisted of Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA) at a 2 mg L-1, indoleacetic acid (IAA) at a 0.2 mg L-1, kinetin (KT) at 0.15 mg L-1, resulting in an outstanding regeneration rate of adventitious buds reaching up to 91.11%. For rooting purposes, the best medium was found be half-strength MS supplemented with indoleacetic acid (IAA) 0.5 mg L-1, achieving an rate for adventitious roots amounting to as high as 97.78%. The culture plantlets ultimately thrived, achieving an impressive transplanting survival rate of 93.33%. The application of PGRs was also found to enhance the regeneration of adventitious buds by increasing the ratios of endogenous hormones ZR/IAA and GA(3)/IAA. Additionally, it facilitated the differentiation of adventitious roots by elevating the ratios of endogenous hormones IAA/ZR, IAA/GA(3), and ABA/GA(3). Our study would provide a theoretical reference for the establishment of an efficient gardenia tissue culture system and the industrial production of gardenia.
作者：
Hu, Yanting;Schafer, Karina V. R.;Hu, Songjiang;Zhou, Wenneng;Xiang, Dong;...
期刊：
Science of The Total Environment,2024年908:168172 ISSN：0048-9697
通讯作者：
Xiang, WH;Zhou, WN
作者机构：
[Chen, Liang; Zhao, Zhonghui; Xiang, Wenhua; Zeng, Yelin; Ouyang, Shuai; Hu, Yanting; Lei, Pifeng; Hu, Songjiang; Fang, Xi; Xiang, WH; Deng, Xiangwen] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Fac Life Sci & Technol, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Chen, Liang; Zhao, Zhonghui; Xiang, Wenhua; Zeng, Yelin; Ouyang, Shuai; Hu, Yanting; Lei, Pifeng; Fang, Xi; Deng, Xiangwen] Huitong Natl Stn Sci Observat & Res Chinese Fir Pl, Huitong 438107, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Schafer, Karina V. R.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, 195 Univ Ave, Newark, NJ 07102 USA.;[Zhou, Wenneng] Guangdong Univ Technol, Guangdong Prov Key Lab Water Qual Improvement & Ec, Sch Ecol Environm & Resources, Guangzhou 510006, Peoples R China.;[Xiang, Dong] Forestry Bur Huaihua Perfecture, Huaihua 418099, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Xiang, WH ] C;[Zhou, WN ] G;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Fac Life Sci & Technol, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Guangdong Univ Technol, Sch Ecol, Environm & Resources, Guangzhou 510006, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Carbon isotope composition;Hydraulic efficiency;Hydraulic traits;Photosynthetic traits;Phylogenetic signal;Water use strategy
摘要：
Leaf carbon isotope composition (δ(13)C) provides an integrative record on the carbon and water balance of plants over long periods. Photosynthetic ability and hydraulic traits which are highly associated with stomatal behavior could affect leaf δ(13)C. Association between photosynthetic ability and leaf δ(13)C has been examined, however, how hydraulic traits influence leaf δ(13)C has not been fully understood. To fill this gap, we investigated the variations in leaf δ(13)C among 2591 woody species (547 shrub and 2044 tree species), and analyzed the link of leaf δ(13)C with leaf photosynthetic and xylem hydraulic traits. Our result showed that leaf δ(13)C was positively correlated to leaf photosynthetic ability and capacity. For hydraulic traits, leaf δ(13)C was negatively related to hydraulic conductivity (K(s)), xylem pressure inducing 50% loss of hydraulic conductivity (P(50)) and vessel diameter (V(dia)). Associations of leaf δ(13)C with xylem hydraulic traits indicate woody species with stronger hydraulic safety discriminated less against (13)C, while woody species with higher hydraulic efficiency had more negative leaf δ(13)C. Shrub species, which showed a lower V(dia) and P(50), had a significant less negative leaf δ(13)C than tree species. Furthermore, woody species inhabiting in dry regions discriminated less against (13)C than those growing in humid regions. Moreover, leaf δ(13)C displayed a low phylogenetic signal based on Blomberg's K statistic. Overall, woody species with a higher leaf photosynthetic ability or stronger hydraulic safety system discriminated less against (13)C and adopt the provident water use strategy.
期刊：
International Journal of Biological Macromolecules,2024年:131498 ISSN：0141-8130
通讯作者：
Luo, Feijun;Lin, Qinlu
作者机构：
[Yang, Feiyan; Wu, Yuchi; Qin, Dandan; Hu, Zuomin] College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China;[Luo, Yidan] College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China;[Luo, Feijun] College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China. Electronic address: luofeijun888@csuft.edu.cn;[Lin, Qinlu] College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China. Electronic address: linqinlu@hotmail.com
通讯机构：
[Luo, Feijun; Lin, Qinlu] C;College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China. Electronic address:
摘要：
Momordica charantia L. is a kind of vegetable with medicinal value. As the main component of the vegetable, Momordica charantia polysaccharides (MCPs) mainly consist of galactose, galacturonic acid, xylose, rhamnose, mannose and the molecular weight range is 4.33 × 10(3)-1.16 × 10(6) Da. MCPs have been found to have various biological activities in recent years, such as anti-oxidation, anti-diabetes, anti-brain injury, anti-obesity, immunomodulatory and anti-inflammation. In this review, we systematically summarized the extraction methods, structural characteristics and physicochemical properties of MCPs. Especially MCPs modulate gut microbiota and cause the alterations of metabolic products, which can regulate different signaling pathways and target gene expressions to exert various functions. Meanwhile, the potential structure-activity relationships of MCPs were analyzed to provide a scientific basis for better development or modification of MCPs. Future researches on MCPs should focus on industrial extraction and molecular mechanisms. In East Asia, Momordica charantia L. is used as both food and medicine. It is not clear whether MCP has its unique biological effects. Further study on the difference between MCPs and other food-derived polysaccharides will be helpful to the development and potential application of Momordica charantia L.
关键词：
Carbon density;Carbon accumulation rate;Forest age;Spatial variation;Cultural in fluence
摘要：
Understanding the spatial variation, temporal changes, and their underlying driving forces of carbon sequestration in various forests is of great importance for understanding the carbon cycle and carbon management options. How carbon density and sequestration in various Cunninghamia lanceolata forests, extensively cultivated for timber production in subtropical China, vary with biodiversity, forest structure, environment, and cultural factors remain poorly explored, presenting a critical knowledge gap for realizing carbon sequestration supply potential through management. Based on a large-scale database of 449 permanent forest inventory plots, we quantified the spatial -temporal heterogeneity of aboveground carbon densities and carbon accumulation rates in Cunninghamia lanceolate forests in Hunan Province, China, and attributed the contributions of stand structure, environmental, and management factors to the heterogeneity using quantile age -sequence analysis, partial least squares path modeling (PLS-PM), and hot -spot analysis. The results showed lower values of carbon density and sequestration on average, in comparison with other forests in the same climate zone (i.e., subtropics), with pronounced spatial and temporal variability. Specifically, quantile regression analysis using carbon accumulation rates along an age sequence showed large differences in carbon sequestration rates among underperformed and outperformed forests (0.50 and 1.80 Mg center dot ha ⠁1 center dot yr ⠁1). PLS-PM demonstrated that maximum DBH and stand density were the main crucial drivers of aboveground carbon density from young to mature forests. Furthermore, species diversity and geotopographic factors were the significant factors causing the large discrepancy in aboveground carbon density change between low- and high -carbon -bearing forests. Hotspot analysis revealed the importance of culture attributes in shaping the geospatial patterns of carbon sequestration. Our work highlighted that retaining largesized DBH trees and increasing shade -tolerant tree species were important to enhance carbon sequestration in C. lanceolate forests.
通讯机构：
[Xiang, WH ] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Fac Life Sci & Technol, 498 Southern Shaoshan Rd, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Huitong Natl Stn Sci Observat & Res Chinese Fir Pl, Huaihua 438107, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Fine roots;Functional trait diversity;Microbial diversity;Plant–microbial interactions;Soil properties;Subtropical forest
摘要：
AimsAlthough plant-microbial interactions are essential to sustain terrestrial ecosystem functions, root-microbial interactions remain poorly understood. Therefore, understanding how functional trait diversity of fine roots mediates soil microbial diversity and composition provides insightful information to maintain forest ecosystem functions.MethodsA total of 87 plots with 1-12 tree species richness gradient in three subtropical secondary forests were selected. Functional trait diversity (functional dispersion, FDis, and community-weighted mean, CWM) of fine roots was quantified. Soil microbial diversity and community composition were analyzed by high-throughput Illumina sequencing.ResultsBacterial and fungal richness was primarily predicted by CWM of root diameter (CWM_diam) in the humus horizon, but by FDis of specific root length (FDis_SRL) in the mineral horizon. Microbial community composition in two soil horizons increased with FDis_SRL, including the abundance of copiotrophic bacteria (r-strategists, e.g., Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria), Chloroflexi, saprotrophs and pathogens. FDis_SRL was also indirectly mediated microbial richness and composition via decreasing carbon:nitrogen ratio and increasing pH, total nitrogen, total and available phosphorus contents.ConclusionsOverall, functional trait diversity of fine roots plays a pivotal role in mediating soil microbial richness and community composition in subtropical secondary forests. These results deepen our understanding of the important role of plant-microbial interactions in terrestrial biogeochemical processes.
期刊：
Science of The Total Environment,2024年906:167219 ISSN：0048-9697
通讯作者：
Wang, Ping;Zhu, J
作者机构：
[Zhou, Tao; Sun, Jikang; Xing, Qinqin] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Life Sci & Technol, 498 South Shaoshan Rd, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Ping; Zhu, Jian; Zhu, J] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Environm Sci & Engn, 498 South Shaoshan Rd, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Zhiming] Eastern New Mexico Univ, Dept Biol, Portales, NM 88130 USA.
通讯机构：
[Wang, P; Zhu, J ] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Environm Sci & Engn, 498 South Shaoshan Rd, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Cd stress;Koelreuteria paniculata;KpMIPS;Resistance
摘要：
Cadmium (Cd) pollution in soil is an important factor endangering plant growth and harming human health through food chains. Koelreuteria paniculata is an important woody plant for ecological restoration of Cd-contaminated soils. In this study, KpMIPS gene of K. paniculata was cloned, and the expressed protein (60kDa) had 1-phosphate synthase activity. The results showed that KpMIPS significantly promoted root development of K. paniculata and Arabidopsis thaliana, reduced damage to the roots of Arabidopsis thaliana caused by Cd, and decreased transfer of Cd to the aboveground parts of K. paniculata and Arabidopsis thaliana . In the K. paniculata plants overexpressing KpMIPS integrity of the root cells was maintained and the content of pectin and phytic acid was significantly increased. Overexpression of KpMIPS increased the Cd accumulation in the roots and decreased the Cd content in the stems and leaves. Clearly, KpMIPS could regulate the contents of pectin and phytic acid in K. paniculata, thereby passivating Cd(2+) and enriching it in the root cell wall, reducing the transfer of free Cd(2+) to other parts of K. paniculata, and providing a positive regulatory effect on the Cd resistance of K. paniculata. The results of the study provide a technical introduction for the selection and genetic improvement of target genes regulating heavy metal resistance of plants in phytoremediation technology.
期刊：
Forest Policy and Economics,2024年160:103146 ISSN：1389-9341
通讯作者：
Zhang, SH
作者机构：
[Zhang, Shouhong; Zhang, SH; Zhang, Fan; Ren, Yufei] Beijing Forestry Univ, Sch Soil & Water Conservat, Jixian Natl Forest Ecosyst Observat & Res Stn, CNERN, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.;[Li, Mo] Northeast Agr Univ, Sch Water Conservancy & Civil Engn, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Shouhong; Zhang, SH] Beijing Forestry Univ, State Key Lab Efficient Prod Forest Resources, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Jiakai] Beijing Forestry Univ, Sch Ecol & Nat Conservat, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.;[Cao, Yini] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Fac Life Sci & Technol, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zhang, SH ] B;Beijing Forestry Univ, Sch Soil & Water Conservat, Jixian Natl Forest Ecosyst Observat & Res Stn, CNERN, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.;Beijing Forestry Univ, State Key Lab Efficient Prod Forest Resources, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
关键词：
National Reserve Forest Project of China;Afforestation project;Carbon neutrality;Carbon sink;Carbon cost and price
摘要：
The National Reserve Forest Project (NRFP) is a forestry project launched by China in 2013 to ensure the safety of timber supply and create a carbon sink, which can contribute to China's future carbon neutrality goals. To evaluate the carbon neutral contribution and carbon sink benefits of the NRFP, it is necessary to estimate the carbon sink amount, carbon sink cost, and carbon sink price. A combined method, modified Hartman model, and Rubinstein-Stahl bargaining model were used to estimate and analyze the carbon sink amount, carbon sink cost, and carbon sink price of NRFPs from several typical NRFP zones to the nationwide level. Results show that: (1) if the yearly construction area of the NRFP keeps stable at 10.2 × 105 ha in the future, the carbon sink of NRFP will account for about 17.32%, 28.35%, and 80.00% of total carbon emissions in 2060 under low-, middle-, and high-policy scenarios, respectively, representing an increase compared to the current level of approximately 16%; (2) the weighted average carbon sink cost of NRFP is estimated to be 95.16 CNY/t CO2 e (lower than the average carbon sink cost of 150 CNY/t CO2 e), and several measures such as applying Public-private partnership investment (PPP), increasing project operation duration, and choosing construction areas with low farmland benefit can help further reduce carbon sink cost of NRRP; (3) the reasonable carbon sink price should fall between the carbon sink cost and marginal carbon emission reduction cost of enterprises, and increasing the carbon sink price has a positive impact on NRFP construction. NRFPs suffer economic losses in the present carbon trade market, but they will gradually become profitable with the rising carbon sink price in the future. Therefore, it is imperative to maintain or gradually expand the construction area, provide more financial support, and improve the carbon trading market of NRFPs.
关键词：
Tree rings;Extreme climate;Resistance and recovery;Broad-leaved and Korean pine mixed forest
摘要：
The role of the temperate mixed broadleaf-Korean pine forest (BKF) in global biogeochemical cycles will depend on how the tree species community responds to climate; however, species-specific responses and vulnerabilities of common trees in BKF to extreme climates are poorly understood. Here we used dendrochronological methods to assess radial growth of seven main tree species (Pinus koraiensis, Picea jezoensis, Abies nephrolepis, Fraxinus mandshurica, Phellodendron amurense, Quercus mongolica, and Ulmus davidiana) in an old-growth BKF in response to climate changes in the Xiaoxing'an Mountains and to improve predictions of changes in the tree species composition. Temperature in most months and winter precipitation significantly negatively affected growth of P. jezoensis and A. nephrolepis, but positively impacted growth of P. koraiensis and the broadleaf species, especially F. mandshurica and U. davidiana. Precipitation and relative humidity in June significantly positively impacted the growth of most tree species. The positive effect of the temperature during the previous non-growing season (PNG) on growth of F. mandshurica and Q. mongolica strengthened significantly with rapid warming around 1981, while the impact of PNG temperature on the growth of P. jezoensis and A. nephrolepis changed from significantly negative to weakly negative or positive at this time. The negative response of radial growth of P. jezoensis and A. nephrolepis to precipitation during the growing season gradually weakened, and the negative response to PNG precipitation was enhanced. Among the studied species, P. koraiensis was the most resistant to drought, and U. davidiana recovered the best after extreme drought. Ulmus davidiana, P. jezoensis and A. nephrolepis were more resistant to extreme cold than the other species. Climate warming generally exacerbated the opposite growth patterns of conifer (decline) and broadleaf (increase) species. Deciduous broadleaf tree species in the old-growth BKF probably will gradually become dominant as warming continues. Species-specific growth-climate relationships should be considered in future models of biogeochemical cycles and in forestry management practices.
作者机构：
[Liu, Hong Y.; Yang, Qin] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Forestry Biotechnol Hunan Key Labs, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Hong Y.; Yang, Qin] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Key Lab Nonwood Forest Cultivat & Conservat, Minist Educ, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;[Luo, Dun; Huang, Han L.] Guangxi State Owned Bobai Forest Farm, Yulin 537600, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Yang, Q ] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Forestry Biotechnol Hunan Key Labs, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Key Lab Nonwood Forest Cultivat & Conservat, Minist Educ, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.
关键词：
DNA phylogeny;systematics;taxonomy;tea-oil tree;two new taxa
摘要：
Tea-oil tree (Camelliaoleifera Abel.) is an important edible oil woody plant with a planting area over 3,800,000 hectares in southern China. Species of Diaporthe inhabit a wide range of plant hosts as plant pathogens, endophytes and saprobes. Here, we conducted an extensive field survey in Hainan Province to identify and characterise Diaporthe species associated with tea-oil leaf spots. As a result, eight isolates of Diaporthe were obtained from symptomatic C.oleifera leaves. These isolates were studied, based on morphological and phylogenetic analyses of partial ITS, cal, his3, tef1 and tub2 gene regions. Two new Diaporthe species (D.hainanensis and D.pseudofoliicola) were proposed and described herein.
摘要：
It is unknown whether Ferronickel slag (FNS)-ordinary Portland cement (OPC)-based pervious concrete (FOPC) is feasible. To this end, a feasibility study was conducted on FOPC. Firstly, a detailed microscopic examination of the FNS powder was conducted, encompassing analyses of its particle size distribution, SEM, EDS, and chemical composition. These analyses aimed to establish the suitability of a composite of FNS and OPC as a composite cementitious material. Subsequent experimentation focused on evaluating the compressive strength of the composite paste material with varying mixed proportions, revealing a slight reduction in strength as the FNS substitution rate increased. Furthermore, the study designed eighteen different mix proportions of FOPC to investigate the key physical properties, including porosity, density, compressive strength, and the coefficient of permeability. Findings indicated that increases in the cementitious material proportion correlate with enhanced concrete strength, where the ratio of cementitious to aggregate increased by 6.7% and 16.5%, and the strength of FOPC increased by 10-13% and 30-50%, respectively. Conversely, a rise in the FNS substitution rate led to a reduction in compressive strength across different mix ratios. Additionally, the ratio of paste material to aggregate was found to significantly influence the permeability coefficient. These comprehensive performance evaluations suggest that incorporating FNS into OPC for pervious concrete applications is a feasible approach, offering valuable insights for the promotion of waste reuse and the advancement of energy conservation and emissions reduction efforts.
关键词：
Chinese pangolin;CT;Histopathology;Immunohistochemistry;Infantile hemangioma
摘要：
Hemangiomas are a relatively common type of tumor in humans and animals. Various subtypes of hemangiomas have been described in the literature. The classification methods for hemangiomas differ between human and veterinary medicine, and the basis for tumor classification can be found in the literature. This study describes a tumor in the subcutaneous tissue of the right dorsum of an artificially rescued juvenile Chinese pangolin. Computed tomography (CT) examination yielded the preliminary diagnosis of a vascular malformation, and surgery was performed to resect the tumor. Histopathological examination showed that the tumor mainly was consisted of adipose tissue, capillaries, and spindle cells in the fibrous stroma. Immunohistochemistry showed the positive expression of CD31, CD34, α-SMA, GLUT1 and WT-1 in the tumor tissue, and the tumor was eventually diagnosed as an infantile haemangioma. The final diagnosis of infantile hemangioma was depended on the histopathological immunohistochemical and CT examination of the neoplastic tissue. This is the first report of infantile hemangioma in a critically endangered species Chinese pangolin.
通讯机构：
[Liu, SG ] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Chinese fir plantations;Ecological network;Ecological stoichiometry;Enzyme stoichiometry;Forest restoration;Nutrient limitation;Soil biota
摘要：
Forest ecosystem productivity and function is strongly influenced by the interaction between soil organisms and their resource use that can be impeded by an imbalance of ecological stoichiometry. Soil microorganisms are known to have an important role in biogeochemical cycling which is strongly influenced by ecological stoichiometry. However, there is limited understanding of how soil micro-food web respond to stoichiometric imbalances during forest restoration. Here, we investigated the effect of forest restoration on soil physio-chemical properties and the structure and function of soil micro-food web along a chronosequence of transformation stages: (i) early stage monoculture plantation of Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) comprised of three age classes (5, 10 and 20years); (ii) mid-stage conifer-broadleaved mixed forest; and (iii) late-stage mixed species broadleaved forest in south China. Results showed that forest restoration from C. lanceolata monocultures to mixed species broadleaved forest significantly increased soil organic carbon and total nitrogen. Soil bacteria, fungi, protists and nematodes abundance increased and the co-occurrence networks of soil biota became more complex and stable along the restoration chronosequence. In contrast, soil nitrogen and phosphorus limitations, particularly phosphorus limitation, increased along the chronosequence. In addition, soil exoenzyme activity suggested that the microbial investment in resource acquisition shifted from C- to nutrient-acquiring enzymes from the earlier to the later restoration stages. Availability of soil resources (e.g., dissolved organic carbon, ammonium, and available phosphate) appeared to have an important role in regulating soil food web composition, structure and stability during forest restoration. We conclude that nutrient limitation, particularly phosphorus limitation, likely has an important role in determining the stability of soil food webs during forest restoration. These findings contribute to our understanding of the relationships between soil nutrient limitation and soil micro-food web, and have implications for carbon sequestration through forest restoration and management in southern China.
摘要：
Enzymatic degradation of plastic is an effective means of plastic recycling and pollution control. However, the strong chemical inertness of polypropylene plastic (PP) severely impedes its oxidative cleavage, making it resistant to degradation. In this study, based on sequence screening of Hidden Markov Model (HMM), a dioxygenase (HIS1) was identified and characterized to be effective in PP oxidation. Various kinds of PP products, including plastic films, microplastics, and disposable water cups or bags, were HIS1-degraded with cracks and holes on the surface. The hydrophobic binding was the primary force driving oxidative degradation in the specific cavity of HIS1. The discovery of HIS1 achieved a zero breakthrough in PP biodegradation, providing a promising candidate for the selection and evolution of degrading enzymes.
摘要：
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Huzhang-Guizhi herb pair (HGHP), composed of Polygonum cuspidatum (Huzhang [HZ] in Chinese, the root of Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. & Zucc.) and Ramulus Cinnamomi (Guizhi [GZ] in Chinese, the dried twig of Cinnamomum cassia Presl.), is a popular herb pair commonly used to treat arthritis and involved in many Chinese prescriptions. In order to reveal the influence of GZ on HZ on bioavailability, the pharmacokinetic behaviors and tissue distribution variations of the three analytes from HZ were detected between oral administration of HZ and HGHP extracts to rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to two groups for pharmacokinetics study and eight groups for tissues distribution research with the equivalent dose of 18g crude HZ/kg. Assays for analytes from HZ (polydatin, resveratrol, emodin) were developed and validated using high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV). RESULTS: Part pharmacokinetic parameters including area under the concentration-time curve (AUC), the maximum plasma concentration (C(max)), biological half-life (t(1/2)), mean residence time (MRT), time to peak concentration (T(max)), clearance rate/bioavailability (CL/F) and volume of distribution/bioavailability (Vd/F) showed significant difference (P<0.05) after oral administration of HGHP, as compared to those of HZ. The three analytes could be detected in heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney and brain. Compared with the HZ group, AUC(0-t) of polydatin in heart, liver and kidney increased significantly (p<0.05) while that in spleen decreased significantly (p<0.05); AUC(0-t) of resveratrol in all detected tissues increased conspicuously (p<0.05) in the HGHP group; AUC(0-t) of emodin in heart, liver, spleen, lung, and kidney increased conspicuously (p<0.05), and decreased obviously (p<0.05) in brain in the HGHP group. CONCLUSIONS: GZ could strongly influence the pharmacokinetic parameters and tissue distribution characteristics of polydatin, resveratrol and emodin in rats when administrated with HZ or HGHP extracts. It might provide a reference for further explanation of the compatibility mechanism and the clinical application of HGHP.
作者机构：
College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China;National Engineering Laboratory for Applied Technology of Forestry and Ecology in South China, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China;[Hao Li; Wenyuan Gao] Ecological Environment Monitoring Center of Hunan Province, Changsha 410014, China;[Sopan D. Patil] School of Environmental and Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Deiniol Road, Bangor LL57 2UW, UK;Technology Innovation Center for Ecological Protection and Restoration in Dongting Lake Basin, Ministry of Natural Resources, Changsha 410007, China
通讯机构：
[Shuguang Liu] T;Technology Innovation Center for Ecological Protection and Restoration in Dongting Lake Basin, Ministry of Natural Resources, Changsha 410007, China<&wdkj&>College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China<&wdkj&>National Engineering Laboratory for Applied Technology of Forestry and Ecology in South China, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China<&wdkj&>Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
关键词：
straw burning;driving forces;kernel density;Geographically Weighted Regression models;Hunan province
摘要：
Straw burning is a significant source of atmospheric pollutants, releasing particulate matter and trace gases. Capturing the characteristics of straw burning and understanding its influencing factors are important prerequisites for regulating straw burning. Based on the fire points detected by the Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) in Hunan province, China, from 2010 to 2020, this study analyzed the spatiotemporal variations of straw burning and employed Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) models to investigate the underlying forces driving straw burning. The results show that the spatiotemporal characteristics of straw burning in Hunan Province can be categorized into two distinct periods: 2010 to 2014 and 2015 to 2020. The period from 2010 to 2014 witnessed a rapid increase, while the period from 2015 to 2020 experienced fluctuating decreases. The shift is closely linked to the implementation of the straw burning ban policy in 2015. Spatially, the areas with a high number of fire points are primarily located in the southern regions, especially in the border regions between Chenzhou, Yongzhou, Hengyang, and Shaoyang cities. A significant change was found in the impact of economic development and human activity factors on straw burning before and after 2015. These factors include crop yield, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), and road network development. From the implementation of the straw burning ban policy, increases in GDP and settlement density will have a dampening effect on straw burning in a region. Straw burning locations may shift towards regions with relatively slow economic development. The results could serve as a foundation for decision-making to address the issue of straw burning.
