摘要：
In this study, we developed a new nanoparticulate system for acetylated starch nanocrystals (ASN) using broken rice. ASN with different degrees of substitution (DS) of 0.04, 0.08 and 0.14 were prepared using acetic anhydride as acetylating agent through reaction with starch nanocrystals (SN). The resulting ASN were investigated for the capability to load and release doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX), and the antitumor activities of DOX-loaded SN and DOX-loaded ASN were evaluated as potential drug delivery systems for cancer therapy. Cellular uptake and cytotoxicity of nanocrystals and the DOX-loaded nanocrystals were investigated using fluorescence microscopy and a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) (MTT) assay. Compared with acetylated starches (AS) and native starches (NS), ASN with DS 0.14 loaded up to 6.07% of DOX with a higher loading efficiency of 91.1% and had steadier drug-release rates. Toxicity analysis using the rat hepatocytes model suggested that ASN was biocompatible and could be used for drug delivery. Furthermore, ASN were taken up by cancer cells in vitro and significantly enhanced the cytotoxicity of DOX against HeLa human cervical carcinoma cells. The IC50 value of DOX-loaded ASN-DS 0.14 was 3.8 mu g/mL for 24 h of treatment, which was significantly lower than that of free DOX (21 mu g/mL). These results indicate that the prepared ASN using broken rice is a promising vehicle for the controlled delivery of DOX for cancer therapy. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
作者机构：
[Yang, Tao; Zhu, Fang; Huang, Huifen; Zhang, Lin; Lin, Qinlu] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Food Sci & Engn, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Yang, Tao; Liu, Junwen] Cent S Univ, Sch Basic Med Sci, Dept Histol & Embryol, Changsha 410013, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Liu, Junwen] C;Cent S Univ, Sch Basic Med Sci, Dept Histol & Embryol, Changsha 410013, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
nanobiosensing;food safety analysis;function of nanomaterials
摘要：
With increasing adulteration, food safety analysis has become an important research field. Nanomaterials-based biosensing holds great potential in designing highly sensitive and selective detection strategies necessary for food safety analysis. This review summarizes various function types of nanomaterials, the methods of functionalization of nanomaterials, and recent (2014–present) progress in the design and development of nanobiosensing for the detection of food contaminants including pathogens, toxins, pesticides, antibiotics, metal contaminants, and other analytes, which are sub-classified according to various recognition methods of each analyte. The existing shortcomings and future perspectives of the rapidly growing field of nanobiosensing addressing food safety issues are also discussed briefly.
摘要：
Despite the tremendous improvement in cancer therapeutics, treatment of late-stage breast cancer remains a challenge for both basic scientists and clinicians. Lovastatin, a natural product derived from Aspergillus terreus or Monascus ruber, has been widely used as cholesterol-lowing drug in the clinic. It also has anti-cancer properties through poorly defined molecular mechanisms. In the present study, we employed a novel antibody microarray technology to investigate the molecular mechanisms through which lovastatin inhibits breast cancer. We found that lovastatin up-regulated 17 proteins and down-regulated 20 proteins in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. These included proteins that modulate apoptosis, cell proliferation, differentiation, signal transduction, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and tumor metastasis. Modulation of these pathways may mediate, in part, the inhibitory activity of lovastatin on breast cancer.
摘要：
Development of efficient antibacterial agents is critical for human health. In the present study, we investigated the antibacterial activity of polyethyleneimine (PEI)-capped silver nanoclusters (PEI-AgNCs), based on the fact that nanoclusters normally have higher surface-to-volume ratios than traditional nanomaterials and PEI itself has a strong antimicrobial capacity. We synthesized stable silver nanoclusters by altering PEI molecular weight from 0.6 kDa to 25 kDa and characterized them by UV-Vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy and high resolution transmission electron microscopy. The sizes of AgNCs were around 2 nm in diameter and were little influenced by the molecular weight of PEIs. The antibacterial abilities of the four PEI-AgNCs were explored on agar plate and in liquid systems. Our results revealed that the antibacterial activity of PEI-AgNCs is excellent and the reduction of PEI molecular weight could result in the increased antibacterial capacity of PEI-AgNCs. Such proposed new materials might be useful as efficient antibacterial agents in practical clinical applications.
摘要：
The Arabidopsis gene FERONIA (FER) regulates cell elongation and fertility. Although the function of FER in promoting plant growth and regulating fructification in dicotyledon Arabidopsis has been investigated, how homologous FERONIA-like receptors (FLRs) function in the monocotyledon rice crop is little known. In this study, we generated flr1 and flr2 T-DNA insertion null mutants and investigated potential role of FLRs in rice yield. We observed that both FLR1 and FLR2 were involved in tillering of rice, but at different levels. Interestingly, FLR1 and FLR2 showed different functions related to fertility, and FLR1 might be specifically involved in rice male gametophyte development. With these similar but different functions, we suggest that FLR1 and FLR2 might function in complementary ways to regulate the yield of rice. The similar and different functions of FLR1 and FLR2 also suggest that there might be differentiation from FER to the duplication of FLRs, with FLR1 and FLR2 taking on partial functions from FER.
期刊：
Reviews in Medical Virology,2015年25(6):431-445 ISSN：1052-9276
通讯作者：
Cao, Jianzhong
作者机构：
[Yang, Tao; Cao, Jianzhong; Lin, Qinlu] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Food Sci & Technol, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Li, Shugang] Construction Corps Key Lab Deep Proc Featured Agr, Alar, Xinjiang, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Xuming] Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA.;[Pang, Xiaowu] Howard Univ, Coll Dent, Dept Oral Pathol, Washington, DC 20059 USA.;[Cao, Jianzhong] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Food Sci & Technol, Shaoshan South Rd 498, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Cao, Jianzhong] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Food Sci & Technol, Shaoshan South Rd 498, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Resveratrol is a natural phenolic product found in some plants in response to stress and has been linked to the many health benefits of red wine. Over the past several decades, a great deal of research has identified diverse biological roles associated with resveratrol, including anti-oxidant, anti-proliferation, anti-inflammation, anti-cancer, anti-fungal, and antiviral activities. Such biological activities of resveratrol are likely mediated through multiple cellular targets or pathways, such as sirtuins, a family of NAD(+)-dependent deacetylases. In this treatise, the literatures focusing on the roles of resveratrol and sirtuins in modulating infections by a broad-spectrum of viruses are reviewed, with an emphasis on its potential antiviral mechanisms. A working model about the effects of resveratrol on virus infection is proposed to stimulate further researches on this exciting topic. Copyright (c) 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
摘要：
A simple optimization method of immobilization of avidin on magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs)' surface was proposed in this study. The avidin-immobilized MNPs were then developed and used to immobilize a model enzyme [Horseradish peroxidase (HRP)]. The loading capacity (LC) and activity of avidin-immobilized MNPs were optimized through selecting the most appropriate nanoparticle's size and shape, glutaraldehyde concentration, cross-linking reaction time, ultrasonic processing time, and initial concentration of avidin. The LC under optimized conditions was 63.37 +/- 1.29 mg avidin/g MNPs, and the immobilized protein was still able to maintain its high biological activity of 10.86 +/- 0.13 U/mg (biotin-binding activity of nature avidin was 14.1 U/mg) and better thermal stability compared to free avidin. A highly reusable, stable, and easily recovered immobilized HRP was obtained using MNPs as carriers. The immobilized HRP was reused repeatedly more than 9 times and retained more than 65 % of its original activity.
作者机构：
[肖怀秋; 李玉珍] Pharmaceutical and Bioengineering Dept. of Hunan Chemical Industry and Vocational Tech. College, Zhuzhou, China;[龚春平] Guangdong Foshan Nanhai Hongren Foodstuff Co., Ltd., Fushan, China;[邓靖] Packaging and materials engineering College of Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, China;[杨涛; 林亲录] College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
通讯机构：
Pharmaceutical and Bioengineering Dept. of Hunan Chemical Industry and Vocational Tech. College, Zhuzhou, China
