作者： Wang, Wei;Wu, Xiaohong;Deng, Zhengmiao;Yin, Chunmei;Xie, Yonghong*

期刊： Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2020年27(1):1004-1008 ISSN：0944-1344

通讯作者： Xie, Yonghong

作者机构： [Deng, Zhengmiao; Wang, Wei; Yin, Chunmei; Xie, Yonghong] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Subtrop Agr, Key Lab Agroecol Proc Subtrop Reg, Changsha 410125, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Wu, Xiaohong] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Life Sci & Technol, Natl Engn Lab Appl Technol Forestry & Ecol South, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Wu, Xiaohong] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Life Sci & Technol, Key Lab Urban Forest Ecol Hunan Prov, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Xie, Yonghong] C;Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Subtrop Agr, Key Lab Agroecol Proc Subtrop Reg, Changsha 410125, Hunan, Peoples R China.

关键词： Complex planting and breeding;Greenhouse gas;Methane;Rice-duck

摘要： Integrated rice-duck farming (IRDF) has proven to decrease methane (CH4) emissions due to increased dissolved oxygen caused by duck bioturbation. The duck bioturbation, however, also causes many bubbles of CH4 that were overlooked in previous studies. Therefore, it is uncertain whether IRDF could decrease CH4 emissions. We hypothesize that the effect of IRDF on CH4 emissions is related with the intensity of duck bioturbation. We simulated duck's disturbance (trampling and foraging) by stirring and aerating the surface soil in flooded rice fields. Three treatments were disturbed with an interval of 12 h (D12), 24 h (D24), and 48 h (D48), respectively, with non-disturbance as the control (CK). CH4 emissions as bubbles during the disturbance period (CH4-A) were investigated. Besides, CH4 emissions were investigated every 2 h (CH4-B), which lasted for 4 days during the rice elongation stage. Compared with CK, D12, D24, and D48 decreased CH4-B emissions by 17.1%, 14.0%, and 10.1%, respectively. However, the CH4-A emissions under D12, D24, and D48 were equivalent to 14.2%, 14.0%, and 11.9% of CH4 emissions under CK, respectively. On the whole, simulated duck bioturbation had limited effects on the reduction of total CH4 emissions.

语种： 英文

作者： 王卫;吴耀辉;黎继烈;姚跃飞

期刊： 菌物学报,2019年38(7):1185-1190 ISSN：1672-6472

作者机构： [王卫; 吴耀辉; 黎继烈; 姚跃飞] College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Hunan, Changsha, 410004, China

关键词： 赤霉素GA3;控制;赤霉菌;分批发酵

摘要： 为高效率发酵生产GA_3,对藤仓赤霉菌发酵过程pH 进行优化调控研究。采用5L 全自动发酵罐,在pH 3.0–5.0条件下,对藤仓赤霉菌菌丝生长及GA_3产量的影响进行了考察,实验数据表明:在pH 4.0条件下,菌比生长速率可获最大值,为0.395/h;而pH 3.0条件下,GA_3比生成速率最大,达到4.43mg/(g×h)。基于不同pH 条件下,对菌比生长速率、得率、GA_3比生成速率的影响,提出GA_3分批发酵过程中的pH调控策略,即:0–20h,pH 自然;20–50h,pH 4.0;50–80h,pH 3.0–3.5;80h 后控制pH 为3.5–4.0。在此控制模式下,经过196h 发酵GA_3的终产量达到2224mg/L,GA_3产率44.5mg/g,GA_3生产强度0.242mg/(L×h),分别比不控制pH 条件下发酵的数值增长了7.75%、7.74%、8.04%,表明该pH 控制策略能增进GA_3发酵生产效率。

语种： 中文

作者： Hu, Xinjiang;Wang, Weixuan;Xie, Guangyu;Wang, Hui*;Tan, Xiaofei;...

期刊： Chemosphere,2019年216(Feb.):733-741 ISSN：0045-6535

通讯作者： Wang, Hui;Zhao, Yunlin

作者机构： [Hu, Xinjiang; Zhao, Yunlin; Wang, Hui; Wang, Weixuan; Jin, Qi; Xie, Guangyu; Zhou, Daixi] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Environm Sci & Engn, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Hu, Xinjiang; Zhao, Yunlin; Wang, Hui] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Fac Life Sci & Technol, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Hui] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Bast Fiber Crops, Changsha 410205, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Tan, Xiaofei] Hunan Univ, Coll Environm Sci & Engn, Changsha 410082, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Tan, Xiaofei] Hunan Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Environm Biol & Pollut Control, Changsha 410082, Hunan, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Wang, Hui; Zhao, Yunlin] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Environm Sci & Engn, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Fac Life Sci & Technol, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.

关键词： g-C3N4 nanosheets;BiFeO3;Cr(VI) photoreduction;Heterojunction;Electrolyte ion

摘要： A novel ternary composite of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4)/graphene oxide (GO) sheets/BiFeO3 (CNGB) with highly enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity toward Cr(Vl) photoreduction is prepared and characterized. The characterization and photocatalysis experiments corroborate its reasonable band gap, efficient charge separation and transfer, widened visible-light adsorption, easy solid-liquid separation, good stability and superior catalytic activity of CNGB. Three CNGB samples with different ratios of g-C3N4 and BiFeO3 (CNGB-1, -2, -3 with 2:4, 3:3, and 4:2, respectively), though possessing different adsorption ability, eventually remove all Cr(Vl) ions via photocatalysis within 90 min. The catalytic efficiency of the composite is the highest at pH 2; increases in pH decrease the catalytic ability. The inorganic anions such as SO4-, Cl-, and NO3- only slightly affects the photocatalytic process. The matching of the band structure between BiFeO3 and g-C3N4 generates efficient photogenerated electron migration from the conduction band of g-C3N4 to that of BiFeO3, which is also facilitated by the electron bridging and collecting effects of GO, and holes transfer from the valence band of BiFeO3 to that of g-C3N4, yielding the efficient separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs and the subsequent enhancement of photocatalytic activity. The research provides a theoretical basis and technical support for the development of photocatalytic technologies for effective application in wastewater treatment and Cr-contaminated water restoration. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

语种： 英文

作者： Wu, Xiaohong;Wang, Wei*;Xie, Kejun;Yin, Chunmei;Hou, Haijun;...

期刊： Journal of Environmental Management,2019年231:1257-1262 ISSN：0301-4797

通讯作者： Wang, Wei

作者机构： [Wu, Xiaohong] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Natl Engn Lab Appl Technol Forestry & Ecol South, Coll Life Sci & Technol, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Xie, Xiaoli; Wang, Wei; Yin, Chunmei; Hou, Haijun] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Agroecol Proc Subtrop Reg, Inst Subtrop Agr, Changsha 410125, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Xie, Kejun] Hunan Agr Resources & Environm Protect Management, Changsha 410008, Hunan, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Wang, Wei] C;Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Agroecol Proc Subtrop Reg, Inst Subtrop Agr, Changsha 410125, Hunan, Peoples R China.

关键词： methane;methane;nitrous oxide;water;agricultural emission;agricultural land;drainage water;emission;experimental design;experimental study;flooding;greenhouse gas;irrigation system;methane;mulching;rice;straw;water management;air temperature;Article;flooding;grain yield;greenhouse gas;precipitation;rice;water content;water management;agriculture;Oryza;soil;Agriculture;Methane;Nitrous Oxide;Oryza;Soil;Water

摘要： Water and organic amendments are the two most important factors that control methane (CH4) emissions from rice fields, the combined effect of which on CH4 emissions has been rarely studied. Thus, a field experiment in a split-plot design was conducted to investigate the combined effect of straw and water management on CH4 emissions. Main plots had water treatments: continuous flooding (CF), flooding – midseason drying – flooding (FDF), and flooding for transplanting – rainfed (RF); and subplots had straw treatments: straw incorporated into soil (SI), straw mulching (SM), and without straw. Results showed that the presence of water layer led to substantial increase in CH4 emissions which were enhanced by straw application. Cumulative CH4 emissions were influenced by water, straw, and their interactions significantly (P < 0.05). The cumulative CH4 emissions were 505.3, 241.2, and 56.5 kg ha−1 for CF, FDF, and RF, respectively. By contrast, SI under CF, FDF, and RF increased CH4 emissions by 265.4, 271.4, and 175.6 kg ha−1, respectively. And SM under CF, FDF, and RF increased CH4 emissions by 213.3, 112.8, and 14.6 kg ha−1, respectively. The results indicated that SM resulted in less CH4 emissions compared with SI, especially in plots frequently with absence of water layer. Besides, SM had a potential to increase rice yield in rice paddies that had a lack of water. Therefore, in-season straw application should be avoided in lowland rice paddies, and straw mulching is practical in rice paddies lack of water. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd

语种： 英文

作者： Yan, Jianye;Wang, Yuanqing;Wu, Hongnian;Sun, Zhicheng;Tan, Shihan;...

期刊： JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL,2019年102(1):69-74 ISSN：1060-3271

通讯作者： Xia, XH

作者机构： [Xia, Xinhua; Gong, Limin; Wu, Hongnian; Wang, Wei; Yan, Jianye; Tan, Shihan; Xia, XH; Li, Shunxiang] Hunan Univ Chinese Med, Sch Pharm, 300 Xueshi Rd, Changsha 410208, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Yan, Jianye] Hunan Univ Chinese Med, Sci & Technol Innovat Ctr, 300 Xueshi Rd, Changsha 410208, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Yuanqing] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Sch Life Sci & Technol, 498 Shaoshan Rd, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Sun, Zhicheng] Cent S Univ, Xiangya Hosp, Dept Spine Surg, 87 Xiangya Rd, Changsha 410008, Hunan, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Xia, XH ] H;Hunan Univ Chinese Med, Sch Pharm, 300 Xueshi Rd, Changsha 410208, Hunan, Peoples R China.

关键词： Cardiovascular system;High performance liquid chromatography;Ketones;Resveratrol;Anthraglycoside B;Blood circulation;Chinese medicinal herbs;Polygonum cuspidatum;Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. et Zucc;Reversed phase HPLC;Sensitive method;Simultaneous determinations;Quality control

摘要： Background: Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. et Zucc. (named Huzhang in china) is a traditional and popular chinese medicinal herb used in removing jaundice, clearing heat-toxin, improving blood circulation, expelling stasis, dispelling wind and dampness, repelling phlegm, and suppressing cough. it is widely used in drug and functional food fields and distributed throughout the world, including in china, Japan, and north america. Objective: to control the quality of Polygonum cuspidatum, an effective, reliable, and simple method for simultaneous determination of two stilbenes (polydatin, resveratrol) and four anthraquinones (emodin, physcion, rhein, and anthraglycoside B) was developed and validated for the first time in this study by reversed-phase Hplc (rp-Hplc). Methods: Separation was carried out on agilent c 18 column (250 × 4.6 mm I.D., 5 μm) with acetonitrile and 0.10% aqueous phosphoric acid as mobile phase and gradient elution at a flow rate of 0.8 mL/min. Detection was conducted with mobile wavelength at 30°c. Results: Good validation of the method including linearity, precision, repeatability, and recovery was performed. the contents of the studied analytes are significantly different, and resveratrol and rhein in particular existed in greater fluctuation among the samples. Conclusion: a simple, reliable, and sensitive method has been successfully established and applied to the analysis for simultaneous determination of the target compounds in 11 batches of samples. Highlights: Separation and quantitative analysis of two stilbenes and four anthraquinones from P. cuspidatum were developed by rp-Hplc. this method is convenient, sensitive, and accurate and can provide a reliable basis for further applications of P. cuspidatum in drug or food fields. © 2019 AOAC International. All Rights Reserved.

语种： 英文

作者： Li, Quan;Song, Xinzhang*;Chang, Scott X.;Peng, Changhui;Xiao, Wenfa;...

期刊： Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,2019年268:48-54 ISSN：0168-1923

通讯作者： Song, Xinzhang

作者机构： [Li, Quan; Li, Yan; Zhang, Junbo; Song, Xinzhang] Zhejiang A&F Univ, State Key Lab Subtrop Silviculture, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.;[Chang, Scott X.] Univ Alberta, Dept Renewable Resources, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3, Canada.;[Peng, Changhui] Univ Quebec Montreal, Dept Biol Sci, Inst Environm Sci, Case Postale 8888,Succursale Ctr Ville, Montreal, PQ H3C 3P8, Canada.;[Xiao, Wenfa] Chinese Acad Forestry, Res Inst Forest Ecol Environm & Protect, State Forestry Adm, Key Lab Forest Ecol & Environm, Beijing 100091, Peoples R China.;[Xiang, Wenhua] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Fac Life Sci & Technol, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Song, Xinzhang] Z;Zhejiang A&F Univ, State Key Lab Subtrop Silviculture, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.

关键词： Carbon cycle;Nitrogen addition;Q 10;Soil CO 2 efflux

摘要： Nitrogen (N) deposition plays an important role in regulating forest productivity and microbial biomass and activities, ultimately influencing soil respiration (Rs). However, the effects of increasing atmospheric N depositions on Rs in subtropical Moso bamboo forests remain poorly understood. Here, we conducted a 4-year field experiment in a subtropical Moso bamboo forest to quantify the effect of simulated N depositions at four rates (0, 30, 60 and 90 kg N ha −1 yr -1 ) on Rs. The mean Rs rate of the control was 353.17 ± 53.23 mg CO 2 m -2 h -1 or 30.75 ± 2.38 t CO 2 ha -1 yr -1 . Soil respiration showed significantly higher sensitivity (Q 10 ) to soil temperature than to air temperature, and the Rs rate was significantly positively related to soil microbial biomass carbon, soil temperature, and NO 3 -. In response to N addition treatments of 30, 60, and 90 kg N ha -1 yr -1 , the mean annual Rs increased by approximately 45.7%, 37.7%, and 13.0%, respectively, compared with the control. Nitrogen depositions decreased the temperature sensitivity of Rs, leading to predictions that they may be able to mitigate the priming effects of future climate warmings on Rs in Moso bamboo forests in the coming decades. Combined models based on the significant relationships between Rs rates, daily mean air temperatures, and hourly soil temperatures at a depth of 5 cm may reliably and feasibly estimate annual soil CO 2 efflux. On average, soil emitted 470 kg CO 2 ha -1 yr -1 per 1 kg N ha -1 yr -1 added, which declined when N addition surpassed the N saturation threshold of 60 kg N ha -1 yr -1 . Our findings provide a method for estimating annual soil CO 2 efflux and new insights into the effects of N deposition rates on soil CO 2 efflux in Moso bamboo forests. © 2019

语种： 英文

作者： Wang, Wei;Wu, Xiaohong*;Yin, Chunmei;Xie, Xiaoli

期刊： Agricultural Water Management,2019年212:226-231 ISSN：0378-3774

通讯作者： Wu, Xiaohong

作者机构： [Xie, Xiaoli; Wang, Wei; Yin, Chunmei] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Subtrop Agr, Key Lab Agroecol Proc Subtrop Reg, Changsha 410125, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Wu, Xiaohong] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Natl Engn Lab Forest Ecol & Appl Technol Southern, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Wu, Xiaohong] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Biol Sci & Technol, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Wu, Xiaohong] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Natl Engn Lab Forest Ecol & Appl Technol Southern, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Biol Sci & Technol, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.

关键词： Land use pattern;Surface runoff;Crop production;Watershed level;Non-point pollution

摘要： Agricultural land use on slope areas is susceptible to nutrition loss via surface runoff, which would result in negative impacts on downstream waters. However, the linkage between nutrition loss and off-site crop production has been rarely reported. A study was conducted in a small independent agroforestry watershed in subtropical hilly terrain of China. Nutrition loss via surface runoff was measured from cropland, tea garden, citrus orchard, and natural woodland on a slope area. Grain production of rain-fed uplands and irrigated rice paddies were also investigated. Results exhibited that the runoff and associated nutrient loss were substantially affected by land use patterns. In general, the cropland generated the highest runoff and associated nutrient loss, followed by tea garden, citrus orchard, and woodland. Despite of land use patterns, the descending order of nutrient elements losses was: Ca2+ > K+ > SO4-S > TN (total nitrogen) > Mg2+ > TP (total phosphorus). Irrigated rice paddies had a higher level of self-sustainability of grain production compared with rain-fed uplands, which should be partially attributed to the nutrients input from irrigated water. The results imply that the runoff harvesting for irrigation, especially the runoff harvesting from agricultural land use patterns, can increase crop production with extra nutrition input by irrigation and reduce nutrition load to downstream waters. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.

语种： 英文

作者： 王卫;黎继烈;姚跃飞

期刊： 实验室研究与探索,2019年38(2):195-197 ISSN：1006-7167

作者机构： 中南林业科技大学 生命科学与技术学院,长沙,410004;[王卫; 姚跃飞; 黎继烈] 中南林业科技大学

关键词： 发酵设备;实验教学;课程建设;工程素质

摘要： 结合发酵设备实验教学实践与体会,在生物工程本科专业中开展以培养工程素质为导向的实验教学体系构建。实验教学中,强化实验预习检查和沟通;对实验模块进行学生自选,实施步骤包括:选题、实验方案制定、实验实施、实验结论及实验报告撰写;实验内容、目标、实施流程及考察、考核方式也进行相应改变,注重贴近工厂实际的角色转化。调整实验报告的递交流程,实验报告分解为预习报告、实验数据和实验分析及结论3部分,强调记录过程细节以及问题的分析讨论。革新发酵设备课程实验后,学生参与实验积极,工程意识以及企业择业率均有增强,该实验教学方式有助于培养学生工程素质能力。

语种： 中文

作者： Wang, Wei;Chen, Chunlan;Wu, Xiaohong*;Xie, Kejun;Yin, Chunmei;...

期刊： Biology and Fertility of Soils,2019年55(1):89-96 ISSN：0178-2762

通讯作者： Wu, Xiaohong

作者机构： [Xie, Xiaoli; Wang, Wei; Yin, Chunmei; Hou, Haijun; Chen, Chunlan] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Agroecol Proc Subtrop Reg, Inst Subtrop Agr, Changsha 410125, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Wu, Xiaohong] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Life Sci & Technol, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Xie, Kejun] Hunan Agr Resources & Environm Protect Management, Changsha 410008, Hunan, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Wu, Xiaohong] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Life Sci & Technol, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.

关键词： Fertilization;Straw incorporation;Methane;Nitrous oxide;Global warming potential;Greenhouse gas intensity

摘要： A two-year field investigation was conducted in a typical double rice region in South China. The treatments included conventional dose of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers (NPKc); reduced chemical fertilizer combined with straw retention (NPKr+S); and no fertilizer as a control (CK). The global warming potential (GWP) was evaluated with nitrous oxide (N 2 O) and methane (CH 4 ) emissions. The results showed that fertilization enhanced not only CH 4 but also N 2 O emissions. For CK, NPKc, and NPKr+S, respectively, annual N 2 O emissions were 0.09, 0.47, and 0.33kgha −1 ; and annual CH 4 emissions were 562.4, 657.9, and 882.2kgha −1 . Consequently, the GWPs were 19,146, 22,507, and 30,094kgCO 2 -eqvha −1 year −1 for CK, NPKc, and NPKr+S, respectively. As rice grain yields were comparable between NPKc (9332kgha −1 year −1 ) and NPKr+S (9261kgha −1 year −1 ), the greenhouse gas intensity (GHGI) was significantly lower in NPKc compared with that in NPKr+S which induced more GWP. Overall, this study showed the potential of straw retention to reduce chemical fertilizer use. But it increased the GWP by 33.7% and GHGI by 34.7% in double rice systems under continuous flooding regime. © 2018, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.

语种： 英文

作者： Wu, Xiao Hong;Wang, Wei*;Xie, Xiao Li;Yin, Chun Mei;Hou, Hai Jun

期刊： Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2018年25(7):6407-6413 ISSN：0944-1344

通讯作者： Wang, Wei

作者机构： [Wang, Wei; Yin, Chun Mei; Hou, Hai Jun; Xie, Xiao Li; Wu, Xiao Hong] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Subtrop Agr, Key Lab Agroecol Proc Subtrop Reg, Changsha 410125, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Wu, Xiao Hong] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Fac Life Sci & Technol, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Wang, Wei] C;Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Subtrop Agr, Key Lab Agroecol Proc Subtrop Reg, Changsha 410125, Hunan, Peoples R China.

关键词： Straw retention;Greenhouse gas;Low-carbon agriculture;Soil moisture

摘要： In the hilly areas of southern China, uplands and paddies are located adjacent to each other. Using rice straw as mulch for upland soil may improve crop production and partially replace chemical fertilizers, which may mitigate N2O emissions. A field experiment was conducted to investigate the potential of rice straw mulching for mitigating N2O emissions and increasing crop production. The treatments included no mulching (CK), 5000kgha−1 of straw mulching (SM5), and 10,000kgha−1 of straw mulching (SM10). Moreover, all the treatments received equivalent amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium from chemical fertilizers plus rice straw. Relative to CK, cumulative N2O emissions decreased by 23.1 and 33.5% with SM5 and SM10, respectively. Significant positive correlations were observed between N2O fluxes and soil water-filled pore space (WPFS) (r2 = 0.495, P < 0.05) and between seasonal cumulative N2O fluxes and the chemical N fertilization rate (r2 = 0.814, P < 0.05). These findings indicate that soil WPFS was the key environmental factor in N2O emissions and that the substitution of chemical nitrogen fertilizer with rice straw was the main driver of N2O mitigation. Relative to CK, the maize yield increased by 16.5 and 29.6% with SM5 and SM10, respectively, which can be attributed primarily to the increases in soil moisture. The chemical fertilizer input could be decreased and N2O emissions could be mitigated through straw mulching, while achieving improved crop yield. This management strategy has great potential, and this study provides an important reference for low-carbon agriculture. © 2017, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.

语种： 英文

作者： Wu, Xiaohong;Wang, Wei*;Xie, Xiaoli;Hou, Haijun;Yin, Chunmei

期刊： Paddy and Water Environment,2018年16(1):199-205 ISSN：1611-2490

通讯作者： Wang, Wei

作者机构： [Xie, Xiaoli; Wang, Wei; Hou, Haijun; Yin, Chunmei; Wu, Xiaohong] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Subtrop Agr, Key Lab Agroecol Proc Subtrop Reg, Changsha 410125, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Wu, Xiaohong] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Fac Life Sci & Technol, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Wang, Wei] C;Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Subtrop Agr, Key Lab Agroecol Proc Subtrop Reg, Changsha 410125, Hunan, Peoples R China.

关键词： Floods;Greenhouse gases;Nitrogen oxides;Rain;Closed-chamber method;Fallow season;Field experiment;Nitrous oxide;Rice seasons;Rice straws;Water layers;Water regime;Rotation;agricultural emission;crop rotation;emission;experimental study;fallow;growing season;hydrological regime;nitrous oxide;rainfed agriculture;rice;straw;China

摘要： Few studies are available on comprehensive impacts of straw retention and water regimes on nitrous oxide (N2O) emission from rice–rice-fallow rotation systems. A field experiment with or without rice straw (5000kgha−1 each rice season) retention under two contrasting water regimes (1. continuous flooding; 2. rain-fed with exception flooding irrigation about 15days after transplanting) was conducted in south China. N2O emission was monitored using the closed chamber method over the entire rice–rice-fallow rotation. The results demonstrate that there were significant differences in the responses of N2O emission to water regime, straw retention, and their interaction. N2O emission was negligible in the continuously flooded treatments, with annual N2O emission of 0.052kgha−1 with straw and −0.008kgha−1 without straw, respectively. In contrast, substantial N2O fluxes were observed under rain-fed condition when water layer disappeared, with annual N2O emission of 0.969kgha−1 with straw and of 0.618kgha−1 without straw, respectively. About 50–60% of annual N2O emission occurred in fallow season under rain-fed treatments. The results indicate that rice straw retention has a potential to accelerate N2O emission depending on paddy water conditions. © 2017, The International Society of Paddy and Water Environment Engineering and Springer Japan KK.

语种： 英文

作者： Wu, Xiaohong;Wang, Wei*;Xie, Xiaoli;Yin, Chunmei;Hou, Haijun;...

期刊： Scientific Reports,2018年8(1):779 ISSN：2045-2322

通讯作者： Wang, Wei

作者机构： [Xie, Xiaoli; Wang, Wei; Yin, Chunmei; Hou, Haijun; Wu, Xiaohong] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Subtrop Agr, Key Lab Agroecol Proc Subtrop Reg, Changsha 410125, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Guangjun; Yan, Wende; Wu, Xiaohong] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Fac Life Sci & Technol, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Wang, Wei] C;Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Subtrop Agr, Key Lab Agroecol Proc Subtrop Reg, Changsha 410125, Hunan, Peoples R China.

摘要： <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>This study provides a complete account of global warming potential (GWP) and greenhouse gas intensity (GHGI) in relation to a long-term water management experiment in Chinese double-rice cropping systems. The three strategies of water management comprised continuous (year-round) flooding (CF), flooding during the rice season but with drainage during the midseason and harvest time (F-D-F), and irrigation only for flooding during transplanting and the tillering stage (F-RF). The CH<jats:sub>4</jats:sub> and N<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O fluxes were measured with the static chamber method. Soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration rates were estimated based on the changes in the carbon stocks during 1998–2014. Longer periods of soil flooding led to increased CH<jats:sub>4</jats:sub> emissions, reduced N<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O emissions, and enhanced SOC sequestration. The net GWPs were 22,497, 8,895, and 1,646 kg CO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>-equivalent ha<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> yr<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> for the CF, F-D-F, and F-RF, respectively. The annual rice grain yields were comparable between the F-D-F and CF, but were reduced significantly (by 13%) in the F-RF. The GHGIs were 2.07, 0.87, and 0.18 kg CO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>-equivalent kg<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> grain yr<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> for the CF, F-D-F, and F-RF, respectively. These results suggest that F-D-F could be used to maintain the grain yields and simultaneously mitigate the climatic impact of double rice-cropping systems.</jats:p>

语种： 英文

作者： Wu, X. H.;Wang, W.*;Xie, X. L.;Yin, C. M.;Xie, K. J.

期刊： PHOTOSYNTHETICA,2018年56(4):1031-1038 ISSN：0300-3604

通讯作者： Wang, W.

作者机构： [Xie, X. L.; Wang, W.; Yin, C. M.; Wu, X. H.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Subtrop Agr, Key Lab Agroecol Proc Subtrop Reg, Changsha 410125, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Wu, X. H.] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Fac Life Sci & Technol, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Xie, K. J.] Hunan Agr Resources & Environm Protect Management, Changsha 410008, Hunan, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Wang, W.] C;Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Subtrop Agr, Key Lab Agroecol Proc Subtrop Reg, Changsha 410125, Hunan, Peoples R China.

关键词： rapid light curve;water productivity;water saving

摘要： An experiment was performed to study gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence responses of rice (Oryza sativa L.) to various regimes, such as flooding–midseason drying–flooding (FDF), flooding–midseason drying–saturation (FDS), and flooding–rain-fed (FR) regimes. Compared to FDF, FR resulted in an obvious decrease in net photosynthetic rate (PN), due to the decrease in stomatal conductance and the increase in stomatal limitation. In contrast, FDS plants did not suffer stomatal limitation and had comparable PN with FDF plants. For diurnal light-saturated electron transport rate and saturation irradiance, FDF performed the best, which was followed by FDS and FR successively. FR and FDS plants tended to suffer from midday depression. FDS reduced irrigated water by 17.2% compared to FDF for comparable yields. The results suggested that FDS can be an effective irrigation regime to save water. © 2018, The Institute of Experimental Botany.

语种： 英文

作者： 王卫;吴耀辉;黎继烈;姚跃飞

期刊： 应用与环境生物学报,2017年23(3):432-436 ISSN：1006-687X

通讯作者： Wei, W.

作者机构： [Jilie L.; Wei W.; Yuefei Y.; Yaohui W.] College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China

通讯机构： [Wei, W.] C;College of Life Science and Technology, China

关键词： 赤霉素;温度;工艺优化;赤霉菌;分批发酵

摘要： 温度是影响赤霉素发酵的重要因素,研究温度与菌丝生长和次级代谢物合成的关系将有助于发酵工艺优化.采用5 L全自动发酵罐,调控罐温在25-35 ℃范围内进行赤霉素发酵,分时记录菌体浓度、残糖浓度和产物赤霉素浓度变化情况. 发酵过程数据经微分处理后,比较分析在不同温度下赤霉素发酵过程中菌比生长速率、菌得率及赤霉素比合成速率的变化特征. 结果显示:最适菌丝生长温度是32 ℃,其比生长速率和得率分别为0.571/h和0.431 g/g;适宜GA_3合成的温度是28 ℃,最大比合成速率为2.161 mg g~(-1) h~(-1). 进而提出赤霉素发酵过程变温控制轨迹:发酵0-18 h,控温28 ℃; 18-40 h,温度32 ℃; 40-60 h控制温度为30 ℃; 60 h后,控制温度28 ℃. 采用此温度控制策略进行GA_3发酵,赤霉素终浓度达到2 294 mg/L,比恒温28 ℃发酵浓度提高了11.14%. 本研究表明赤霉素发酵过程分阶段变温控制策略能提高产量,具有产业应用前景.

语种： 中文

作者： Wu, Xiao Hong;Wang, Wei*;Yin, Chun Mei;Hou, Hai Jun;Xie, Ke Jun;...

期刊： PLOS ONE,2017年12(12):e0189280 ISSN：1932-6203

通讯作者： Wang, Wei

作者机构： [Wu, Xiao Hong] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Fac Life Sci & Technol, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Wei; Yin, Chun Mei; Hou, Hai Jun; Xie, Xiao Li] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Subtrop Agr, Key Lab Agroecol Proc Subtrop Reg, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Xie, Ke Jun] Hunan Agr Resources & Environm Protect Management, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Wang, Wei] C;Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Subtrop Agr, Key Lab Agroecol Proc Subtrop Reg, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.

关键词： Flooding;Rice;Agricultural irrigation;Seasons;Water management;Water resources;Agricultural soil science;Fertilizers

摘要： Rice cultivation has been challenged by increasing food demand and water scarcity. We examined the responses of water use, grain yield, and water productivity to various modes of field water managements in Chinese double rice systems. Four treatments were studied in a long-term field experiment (1998–2015): continuous flooding (CF), flooding—midsea-son drying—flooding (F-D-F), flooding—midseason drying—intermittent irrigation without obvious standing water (F-D-S), and flooding—rain-fed (F-RF). The average precipitation was 483 mm in early-rice season and 397 mm in late-rice season. The irrigated water for CF, F-D-F, F-D-S, and F-RF, respectively, was 263, 340, 279, and 170 mm in early-rice season, and 484, 528, 422, and 206 mm in late-rice season. Grain yield for CF, F-D-F, F-D-S, and F-RF, respectively, was 4,722, 4,597, 4,479, and 4,232 kgha-1 in early-rice season, and 5,420, 5,402, 5,366, and 4,498 kgha-1 in late-rice season. Compared with CF, F-D-F consumed more irrigated water, which still decreased grain yield, leading to a decrease in water productivity by 25% in early-rice season and by 8% in late-rice season. Compared with F-DF, F-D-S saved much irrigated water with a small yield reduction, leading to an increase in water productivity by 22% in early-rice season and by 26% in late-rice season. The results indicate that CF is best for early-rice and FDS is best for late-rice in terms of grain yield and water productivity. © 2017 Wu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

语种： 英文

作者： 吴小红;王卫;侯海军;谢小立

期刊： 生态环境学报,2017年26(9):1501-1505 ISSN：1674-5906

作者机构： [吴小红] 中南林业科技大学生命科学与技术学院,湖南 长沙 410004;[吴小红] 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所//亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室,湖南 长沙 410125;中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所//亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室,湖南 长沙,410125;[王卫; 谢小立; 侯海军] 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所

关键词： 水分管理;秸秆还田;稻草覆盖

摘要： 稻田是重要的N_2O排放源,而稻田N_2O排放与土壤水分和施肥密切相关。南方丘陵区是中国水稻的重要生产地,然而由于地形海拔的差异,稻田的水分条件相差很大。该地域典型的稻田水分包括持续淹水、中期晒田(除中期晒田和收获前落干外,保持淹水)以及耕灌雨养(灌水整地插秧,水稻分蘖盛期后不灌溉,依靠自然降水)。稻草还田为土壤微生物提供了大量的碳、氮基质,不同的稻草还田方式(深施、表施)会影响微生物对稻草中的碳、氮的利用,从而可能会影响N_2O排放。采用静态箱-气象色谱法研究了南方丘陵区稻田土壤在不同水分条件(持续淹水、常规灌溉和耕灌雨养)下,秸秆还田方式(无稻草、稻草翻耕入土、稻草覆盖)对N_2O排放的影响。当土壤有水层时,N_2O排放微乎其微;当水层落干后, N_2O排放快速上升。耕灌雨养的N_2O累积排放通量显著高于常规灌溉和持续淹水处理的N_2O累积排放通量。在耕灌雨养条件下,稻草翻耕人土处理下N_2O排放为2.566 kg·hm~(-2),比无稻草处理增加54%,而稻草覆盖处理对N_2O排放影响很小。在常规灌溉和持续淹水条件下,无论是否进行稻草还田,N_2O排放均很弱,仅为-0.003~0.030kg·hm~(-2)。研究结果表明,水分是调控稻田N_2O排放的主要因子,在田间无水层条件下,稻草翻耕人土有促进N_2O排放的潜力。

语种： 中文

作者： 王卫;吴耀辉;黎继烈;姚跃飞

期刊： 过程工程学报,2017年17(3):605-612 ISSN：1009-606X

作者机构： [吴耀辉; 黎继烈; 王卫; 姚跃飞] College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China

关键词： 赤霉素;赤霉菌;分批发酵;动力学模型

摘要： 采用5 L全自动发酵罐对赤霉菌进行发酵培养,分时取样,记录不同时段发酵液中菌丝浓度、残糖浓度、氨基氮浓度及赤霉素浓度;将赤霉素发酵过程分为菌丝营养生长阶段（0-64 h）与菌丝产赤霉素阶段（64-192 h）,分段建立发酵动力学模型,对赤霉素发酵培养基中初始碳源、氮源浓度及碳氮质量比（C/N）进行优化.结果表明,在考察的碳源、氮源浓度适用范围内,模型计算值与实验值吻合度较好.

语种： 中文

作者： 王卫;吴耀辉;黎继烈;姚跃飞

期刊： 菌物学报,2017年36(5):611-617 ISSN：1672-6472

作者机构： [王卫; 吴耀辉; 黎继烈; 姚跃飞] 中南林业科技大学生命科学与技术学院, 湖南, 长沙, 410004

关键词： 赤霉素;溶氧;控制;赤霉菌;分批发酵

摘要： 为了解溶氧对赤霉素发酵过程影响以及相应工艺优化,采用不同溶氧条件下藤仓赤霉菌Gibberella fujikuroi分批发酵生产赤霉素的过程进行菌丝浓度、残糖浓度和GA_3产物浓度检测,并微分运算得出比生长速率与比产物合成速率随发酵时间变化,分析了溶氧对比生长速率与比产物合成速率以及得率的影响,进而提出Gibberella fujikuroi发酵高产的溶氧控制策略:在发酵初始阶段(0–50h)控制溶氧30%左右,以维持较高的菌体生长速率;发酵中后期(50–184h),溶氧控制在15%,以获取菌丝持续较高的GA_3合成速率能力。采用这一优化溶氧控制策略,发酵过程中最大菌丝浓度19.24g/L、最终赤霉素浓度2180mg/L和平均比产物合成速率0.616mg/(g·h),比未优化前发酵分别提高了8.33%、13.25%和4.58%,表明所采取的分阶段溶氧控制策略对促进GA_3生产有效。

语种： 中文

作者： Tang, Li;Mao, Bigang;Li, Yaokui;Lv, Qiming;Zhang, LiPing;...

期刊： Scientific Reports,2017年7(1):14438 ISSN：2045-2322

通讯作者： Xia, Shitou;Zhao, Bingran;Li, Hongqing

作者机构： [Tang, Li; Xia, Shitou; Zeng, Xiongfeng] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Biosci & Biotechnol, Hunan Prov Key Lab Phytohormones & Growth Dev, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Peng, Yan; Tang, Li; Shao, Ye; Zhao, Bingran; He, Hanjie; Lv, Qiming; Li, Yaokui; Pan, Yinlin; Wang, Weiping; Fu, Xiqin; Mao, Bigang; Hu, Yuanyi] Hunan Hybrid Rice Res Ctr, State Key Lab Hybrid Rice, Changsha 410125, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, LiPing; Chen, Caiyan] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Subtrop Agr, Key Lab Agroecol Proc Subtrop Reg, Changsha 410125, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[He, Hanjie] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Hunan Prov Key Lab Forestry Biotechnol, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Li, Hongqing] South China Normal Univ, Guangdong Prov Key Lab Biotechnol Plant Dev, Guangzhou 510631, Guangdong, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Xia, Shitou; Zhao, Bingran] H;[Li, Hongqing] S;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Biosci & Biotechnol, Hunan Prov Key Lab Phytohormones & Growth Dev, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Hunan Hybrid Rice Res Ctr, State Key Lab Hybrid Rice, Changsha 410125, Hunan, Peoples R China.;South China Normal Univ, Guangdong Prov Key Lab Biotechnol Plant Dev, Guangzhou 510631, Guangdong, Peoples R China.

摘要： Rice grain with excessive cadmium (Cd) is a major source of dietary Cd intake and a serious threat to health for people who consume rice as a staple food. The development of elite rice cultivars with consistently low Cd content is challenging for conventional breeding approaches, and new strategies urgently need to be developed. Here, we report the development of new indica rice lines with low Cd accumulation and no transgenes by knocking out the metal transporter gene OsNramp5 using CRISPR/Cas9 system. Hydroponic culture showed that Cd concentrations in shoots and roots of osnramp5 mutants were dramatically decreased, resulting in rescue of impaired growth in high Cd condition. Cd-contaminated paddy field trials demonstrated that Cd concentration in osnramp5 grains was consistently less than 0.05 mg/kg, in contrast to high Cd concentrations from 0.33 mg/kg to 2.90 mg/kg in grains of Huazhan (the wild-type indica rice). In particular, the plant yield was not significantly affected in osnramp5 mutants. Furthermore, we developed promising hybrid rice lines with extremely low Cd content in grains. Our work supplies a practical approach to developing Cd pollution-safe indica rice cultivars that minimizes Cd contamination risk in grains.

语种： 英文

作者： 王卫;黎继烈;沈珺珺;李忠海

期刊： 中国医药工业杂志,2016年47(6):692-695 ISSN：1001-8255

作者机构： [王卫; 黎继烈; 沈珺珺; 李忠海] 中南林业科技大学生命科学与技术学院, 湖南, 长沙, 410004

关键词： 藤仓赤霉菌;赤霉素:前体;发酵

摘要： 为提高藤仓赤霉菌(Gibberella fujikuroi)液体深层发酵生产赤霉素的水平,采用Plackett-Burman法筛选赤霉素合成过程中的8个代谢物,结果显示草酰乙酸、葡萄糖酸钙和维生素B_2为影响赤霉素发酵水平的重要因素。通过最陡爬坡试验逐步逼近最佳产素前体补加量的组成。采用中心组合设计及响应面分析,得到上述3因素的最佳补加量:草酰乙酸0.2086 g/L、葡萄糖酸钙0.0482 g/L和维生素B_20.0410 mg/L。在此条件下,赤霉素摇瓶发酵产量为2396 mg/L,较添加单一前体(甲羟戊酸)工艺提高了11.6%。

语种： 中文