摘要：
Urban agglomeration ecosystems are impacted by human activities and natural disasters, so analyzing the spatial and temporal evolution of landscape ecological resilience from the perspective of adaptive cycling is crucial. Using the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban agglomeration in China as a case study, this research constructs a "Risk-Potential-Connectivity" framework to evaluate ecological resilience. This framework applies exploratory spatial data analysis methods to examine the spatiotemporal evolution and associated patterns of resilience and the Geodetector model to measure the driving factors of spatial variation. This study constructs an adaptive cycle model based on ecological resilience analysis, integrating potential and connectivity indices to classify the development stages of urban agglomeration regions dynamically. The results showed that the overall spatial distribution pattern of ecological risk decreased from the center outward, whereas ecological potential and connectivity increased. The average resilience index from 2000 to 2020 was 0.31, with a declining trend and shifting center of gravity from northwest to southeast. The spatial and temporal distribution of toughness exhibited high and low aggregation, with an overall Moran index greater than 0.75. Land-use intensity had the strongest explanatory power (q = 0.3662) for the spatial differentiation of landscape ecological resilience drivers and the joint effects of factor interaction had a higher explanatory power than single factors. Adaptive cycle analysis revealed that Furong District is in the protection stage, Xiangtan County in the development stage, and Liling City in the reorganization stage, with no region yet in the release stage. The findings offer a better understanding of the interactive adaptation characteristics and evolutionary patterns of social-ecological systems over extended periods, providing scientific support for the formulation of protection strategies to respond to dynamic changes in urban agglomeration ecosystems.
摘要：
The digital recognition and preservation of historical architectural heritage has become a critical challenge in cultural inheritance and sustainable urban development. While deep learning methods show promise in architectural classification, existing models often struggle to achieve ideal results due to the complexity and uniqueness of historical buildings, particularly the limited data availability in remote areas. Focusing on the study of Chinese historical architecture, this research proposes an innovative architectural recognition framework that integrates the Swin Transformer backbone with a custom-designed Global Channel and Spatial Attention (GCSA) mechanism, thereby substantially enhancing the model's capability to extract architectural details and comprehend global contextual information. Through extensive experiments on a constructed historical building dataset, our model achieves an outstanding performance of over 97.8% in key metrics including accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score (harmonic mean of the precision and recall), surpassing traditional CNN (convolutional neural network) architectures and contemporary deep learning models. To gain deeper insights into the model's decision-making process, we employed comprehensive interpretability methods including t-SNE (t-distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding), Grad-CAM (gradient-weighted class activation mapping), and multi-layer feature map analysis, revealing the model's systematic feature extraction process from structural elements to material textures. This study offers substantial technical support for the digital modeling and recognition of architectural heritage in historical buildings, establishing a foundation for heritage damage assessment. It contributes to the formulation of precise restoration strategies and provides a scientific basis for governments and cultural heritage institutions to develop region-specific policies for conservation efforts.
摘要：
Rapid alkalinization factors (RALFs) play meaningful roles in the pollination and fertilization. However, the identification and study of Camellia RALFs is lacking, particularly the function of the RALF family in regulating self-incompatibility pollen tube growth. Herein, we identified 50 RALF genes from Camellia oleifera genome, and classified them into three groups: Clades Ⅰ, Ⅱ, and Ⅲ, with 11, 12, and 27 members being included, respectively. CoRALFs were unevenly distributed in chromosomes, and the segmental duplication events mainly facilitated their expansion. Gene structure and conserved motif analyses indicated that they were highly conserved. Cis-element analysis revealed that many light responsive elements, stress responsive elements and phytohormone responsive elements were found in CoRALFs promoters. Moreover, the expression analysis showed that pollen-specific CoRALF50 responded to the elongation and stagnation of self-incompatibility pollen tube in C. oleifera . Further experiments suggested that CoRALF50 could significantly down-regulate carbohydrate metabolism pathways in pollen tubes cultured in vitro , thereby causing abnormalities in ROS level, plasma membrane biosynthesis, and cell wall biosynthesis, which demonstrating the importance of CoRALF50 in regulating pollen tube growth. Altogether, this study extends information for exploring new functions of RALFs and provides new insights into the role of RALFs in self-incompatibility pollen tube growth.
Rapid alkalinization factors (RALFs) play meaningful roles in the pollination and fertilization. However, the identification and study of Camellia RALFs is lacking, particularly the function of the RALF family in regulating self-incompatibility pollen tube growth. Herein, we identified 50 RALF genes from Camellia oleifera genome, and classified them into three groups: Clades Ⅰ, Ⅱ, and Ⅲ, with 11, 12, and 27 members being included, respectively. CoRALFs were unevenly distributed in chromosomes, and the segmental duplication events mainly facilitated their expansion. Gene structure and conserved motif analyses indicated that they were highly conserved. Cis-element analysis revealed that many light responsive elements, stress responsive elements and phytohormone responsive elements were found in CoRALFs promoters. Moreover, the expression analysis showed that pollen-specific CoRALF50 responded to the elongation and stagnation of self-incompatibility pollen tube in C. oleifera . Further experiments suggested that CoRALF50 could significantly down-regulate carbohydrate metabolism pathways in pollen tubes cultured in vitro , thereby causing abnormalities in ROS level, plasma membrane biosynthesis, and cell wall biosynthesis, which demonstrating the importance of CoRALF50 in regulating pollen tube growth. Altogether, this study extends information for exploring new functions of RALFs and provides new insights into the role of RALFs in self-incompatibility pollen tube growth.
通讯机构：
[Zhang, MH ] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Landscape Architecture, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.
关键词：
DREB2A;HSFA3;High temperature treatment;Transcriptome analysis;Tree peony
摘要：
Paeonia suffruticosa is a plant of Paeonia in Paeoniaceae. It is an important woody ornamental flower in the world. High temperature in summer hinders the growth of tree peony and reduces its ornamental quality, which restricts the cultivation and application of tree peony in Jiangnan area of China. Paeonia suffruticosa 'Hu Hong' is a traditional Chinese tree peony variety with high ornamental value. It is an excellent parent material for cultivating heat-resistant peony. This paper selected the tree peony variety 'Hu Hong' as the material. The transcriptome data of Paeonia suffruticosa 'Hu Hong' at 0, 2, 6, 12 and 24 h after high temperature treatment were analyzed by RNA-Seq method. At each time point, a large number of significantly differentially expressed genes(DEGs) were screened between tree peony cultured at high temperature and room temperature. The analysis of the common DEGs in the four comparison groups showed that the differential genes were mainly enriched in the GO terms ' protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum', 'Pentose and glucuronate interconversions ', ' plant-pathogen interaction ', ' zeatin biosynthesis ', ' fatty acid elongation ', and ' plant hormone signal transduction ' pathways. Abscisic acid(ABA), ethylene(ET) and brassinosteroid(BR) signaling related genes were significantly up-regulated in 'Hu Hong' to resist high temperature treatment. In the auxin(IAA), cytokinin(CTK), gibberellin(GA), salicylic acid(SA) pathways, compared with the control group, the down-regulated expression was involved in hormone signal transduction to respond to high temperature treatment. A total of 62 TFs from 28 different families were annotated, with the AP2/ERF family annotating the largest number. Among the TFs annotated to the AP2/ERF family, the highest expression gene PsDREB2A was found. Overexpression of PsDREB2A Arabidopsis plants improved heat tolerance under high temperature treatment. However, silencing PsDREB2A in tree peony resulted in a heat-intolerant phenotype. PsDREB2A can directly bind to the DRE-core motif in the PsHSFA3 promoter to initiate its expression. In addition, PsHSFA3-overexpressing plants showed higher heat resistance, while PsHSFA3-silenced plants showed lower heat resistance. This study provides a scientific basis for in-depth study of the molecular mechanism of high temperature treatment response in tree peony, improving the heat signal transduction regulation network of tree peony, and mining heat-resistant related genes.
Paeonia suffruticosa is a plant of Paeonia in Paeoniaceae. It is an important woody ornamental flower in the world. High temperature in summer hinders the growth of tree peony and reduces its ornamental quality, which restricts the cultivation and application of tree peony in Jiangnan area of China. Paeonia suffruticosa 'Hu Hong' is a traditional Chinese tree peony variety with high ornamental value. It is an excellent parent material for cultivating heat-resistant peony. This paper selected the tree peony variety 'Hu Hong' as the material. The transcriptome data of Paeonia suffruticosa 'Hu Hong' at 0, 2, 6, 12 and 24 h after high temperature treatment were analyzed by RNA-Seq method. At each time point, a large number of significantly differentially expressed genes(DEGs) were screened between tree peony cultured at high temperature and room temperature. The analysis of the common DEGs in the four comparison groups showed that the differential genes were mainly enriched in the GO terms ' protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum', 'Pentose and glucuronate interconversions ', ' plant-pathogen interaction ', ' zeatin biosynthesis ', ' fatty acid elongation ', and ' plant hormone signal transduction ' pathways. Abscisic acid(ABA), ethylene(ET) and brassinosteroid(BR) signaling related genes were significantly up-regulated in 'Hu Hong' to resist high temperature treatment. In the auxin(IAA), cytokinin(CTK), gibberellin(GA), salicylic acid(SA) pathways, compared with the control group, the down-regulated expression was involved in hormone signal transduction to respond to high temperature treatment. A total of 62 TFs from 28 different families were annotated, with the AP2/ERF family annotating the largest number. Among the TFs annotated to the AP2/ERF family, the highest expression gene PsDREB2A was found. Overexpression of PsDREB2A Arabidopsis plants improved heat tolerance under high temperature treatment. However, silencing PsDREB2A in tree peony resulted in a heat-intolerant phenotype. PsDREB2A can directly bind to the DRE-core motif in the PsHSFA3 promoter to initiate its expression. In addition, PsHSFA3-overexpressing plants showed higher heat resistance, while PsHSFA3-silenced plants showed lower heat resistance. This study provides a scientific basis for in-depth study of the molecular mechanism of high temperature treatment response in tree peony, improving the heat signal transduction regulation network of tree peony, and mining heat-resistant related genes.
摘要：
Seasonal drought has hindered the sustainable growth of the Camellia oil tree industry. While brassinolide (BL) can mitigate drought stress in plants to some extent, the regulatory mechanisms underlying BL's effects in Camellia oil tree remain unclear. To investigate the mechanisms by which BL alleviates drought stress in Camellia oil tree, three-year-old 'Huashuo' cutting seedling was exposed to three experimental treatments: CK (normal watering), UW (no watering), and BL (no watering, sprayed with 1 mg∙L(- 1) BL). Leaf anatomical observation, hormone quantification, and transcriptomic profiling were performed on leaf samples collected at days 2, 4, and 6 following treatments. The results demonstrated that (i) BL treatment significantly increased leaf and spongy tissue thickness; (ii) BL reduced ABA and IAA levels in leaves under drought stress; (iii) WGCNA identified three modules linked to ABA, IAA, and their corresponding hormone levels, with subsequent analysis infer NAC transcription factors (TFs) as the primary regulators in these modules. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the role of BL in alleviating drought stress in tree crop and provides a fundamental reference for molecular breeding and genetic improvement of Camellia oil tree.
摘要：
Urban street spaces play a crucial role in children’s daily commuting and social activities. Therefore, the design of these spaces must give more consideration to children’s perceptual preferences. Traditional street landscape perception studies often rely on subjective analysis, which lacks objective, data-driven insights. This study overcomes this limitation by using eye-tracking technology to evaluate children’s preferences more scientifically. We collected eye-tracking data from 57 children aged 6–12 as they naturally viewed 30 images depicting school commuting environments. Data analysis revealed that the proportions of landscape elements in different street types influenced the visual perception characteristics of children in this age group. On well-maintained main and secondary roads, elements such as minibikes, people, plants, and grass attracted significant visual attention from children. In contrast, commercial streets and residential streets, characterized by greater diversity in landscape elements, elicited more frequent gazes. Children’s eye-tracking behaviors were particularly influenced by vibrant elements like walls, plants, cars, signboards, minibikes, and trade. Furthermore, due to the developmental immaturity of children’s visual systems, no significant gender differences were observed in visual perception. Understanding children’s visual landscape preferences provides a new perspective for researching the sustainable development of child-friendly cities at the community level. These findings offer valuable insights for optimizing the design of child-friendly streets.
通讯机构：
[Wen, YF ] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Landscape & Architecture, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;Hunan Big Data Engn Technol Res Ctr Nat Protected, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;Yuelushan Lab, Carbon Sinks Forests Variety Innovat Ctr, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Taxus in East Asia;biogeographic history;conservation priorities;niche evolution;phyloclimatic modeling;phylogenetic niche conservatism
摘要：
Understanding ecological niche evolution patterns is crucial for elucidating biogeographic history and guiding biodiversity conservation. Taxus is a Tertiary relict gymnosperm with 11 lineages mainly distributed across East Asia, spanning from tropical to subarctic regions. However, the spatiotemporal dynamics of its ecological niche evolution and the roles of ecological and geographical factors in lineage diversification, remain unclear. Using occurrence records, environmental data, and reconstructed phylogenies, we employed ensemble ecological niche models (eENMs), environmental principle components analysis (PCA-env), and phyloclimatic modeling to analyze niche similarity and evolution among 11 Taxus lineages. Based on reconstructed Bayesian trees and geographical distribution characteristics, we classified the eleven lineages into four clades: Northern (T. cuspidata), Central (T. chinensis, T. qinlingensis, and the Emei type), Western (T. wallichiana, T. florinii, and T. contorta), and Southern (T. calcicola, T. phytonii, T. mairei, and the Huangshan type). Orogenic activities and climate changes in the Tibetan Plateau since the Late Miocene likely facilitated the local adaptation of ancestral populations in Central China, the Hengduan Mountains, and the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, driving their expansion and diversification towards the west and south. Key environmental variables, including extreme temperature, temperature and precipitation variability, light, and altitude, were identified as major drivers of current niche divergence. Both niche conservatism and divergence were observed, with early conservatism followed by recent divergence. The Southern clade exhibits high heat and moisture tolerance, suggesting an adaptive shift, while the Central and Western clades retain ancestral drought and cold tolerance, displaying significant phylogenetic niche conservatism (PNC). We recommend prioritizing the conservation of T. qinlingensis, which exhibits the highest PNC level, particularly in the Qinling, Daba, and Taihang Mountains, which are highly degraded and vulnerable to future climate fluctuations.
期刊：
Ecology and Evolution,2025年15(8):e71980 ISSN：2045-7758
通讯作者：
Yi, R
作者机构：
[Jiang, Xiaolong; Song, Wenjie; Shen, Xiangbao; Yi, Rong; Fu, Jinyi] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Forestry, Lab Forestry Genet, Changsha, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Chuncheng] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Landscape Architecture, Changsha, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Yi, R ] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Forestry, Lab Forestry Genet, Changsha, Peoples R China.
关键词：
climate change;conservation gap;geographic distribution;gymnosperms;multi-species distribution modeling
摘要：
Leaf morphology is one of the important indicators for studying the response of plants to climate change. Gymnosperms play a crucial role in maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem stability in China. However, the geographical and altitudinal distribution patterns of gymnosperms with different leaf morphologies in China in response to climate change are not yet fully understood. This study utilized occurrence data for 71 rare gymnosperm species (including varieties) and 15 environmental variables to model the contemporary geographical distribution for the 2070s and the 2090s under two shared socioeconomic pathway scenarios (SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5). Gymnosperm species were classified into five groups based on their leaf shapes (needle-shaped, scale-shaped, lanceolate-shaped, fan-shaped, and strip-shaped), and the analysis revealed that the primary climatic variable driving ecological niche differences among these groups was Bio15 (precipitation seasonality). Lanceolate-leaved gymnosperms exhibited an expansionary trend, whereas other groups generally showed range reductions under future climatic scenarios. The results indicated that approximately half of the gymnosperm species will experience notable range contractions and gradual migration to higher altitudes in northwestern regions from the present to the 2090s. Hotspots for species richness were identified in the eastern Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, the Nanling Mountains, and the eastern Zhejiang-Fujian Hills. However, these hotspots showed limited overlap with existing nature reserves in China. The threat status of some species will be severely upgraded from vulnerable to critically endangered, such as Abies recurvata, highlighting the urgent need for enhanced conservation efforts. This study enhances understanding of the future distribution patterns of China's gymnosperms and provides valuable insights for developing targeted protection and conservation strategies.
通讯机构：
[Hu, XJ ] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Landscape Architecture, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.
关键词：
water environment security;DPSIR model;obstacle factor;spatial analysis;Dongting Lake Basin
摘要：
With the rapid advancement of industrialization and urbanization, the systematic assessment of water environment security in lake-type basins and the identification of key restoration zones have become critical scientific challenges for sustainable watershed management. This study focused on the Dongting Lake Basin, where a comprehensive evaluation system comprising 24 indicators was developed based on the Driving forces-Pressure-State-Impact-Response model. Indicator weights were determined using the entropy method. An obstacle degree model was applied to quantitatively identify the primary factors constraining water environment security. Additionally, spatial autocorrelation analysis was introduced to examine spatial dependency characteristics, enabling the delineation of priority restoration areas. The results demonstrated the following: (1) During 2000-2020, the Dongting Lake Basin exhibited significant spatial heterogeneity, with higher water environment security risks in the southeastern region, while the central-eastern region showed a continuous improvement trend. (2) Quantitative analysis identified the core obstacle factors affecting regional water environment security: wastewater treatment capacity (obstacle degree: 16.87%), ecological water use proportion (12.71%), effective irrigation area ratio (9.29%), environmental protection investment as a percentage of GDP (8.54%), and wastewater treatment rate (7.10%). (3) Based on these key constraints, targeted governance strategies are proposed, including enhancing wastewater treatment capacity, optimizing ecological water allocation, and increasing environmental protection investment. This study established an integrated "diagnosis-restoration-regulation" analytical framework for assessing water environment security and identifying priority restoration zones in lake-type basins, providing both theoretical foundations and practical references for global lake-type basin management.
摘要：
Growing nanotechnology use in agriculture can transform traditional practices. This study investigated the application of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) in Hibiscus syriacus L. cultivation, examining: particle size (30, 50, and 90nm), concentration (10, 50, 100, 500, and 1000mg/L), and application method (seed priming and foliar application). In seed priming experiments, low concentrations (10-100mg/L) of all tested NP sizes enhanced germination parameters, while higher concentrations showed inhibitory effects. The optimal treatment was 30nm ZnO NPs at 50mg/L, achieving a 68.89% germination rate. Seed priming also significantly improved seedling growth and physiological biochemistry. In pot experiments, foliar application studies showed that while both ZnSO(4) and ZnO NPS increased leaves Zn content, nanoparticle treatments (especially smaller particles at 30 and 50nm) produced more sustained growth benefits, with ZnO NPS outperforming traditional zinc fertilizers, particularly at 50mg/L with 50nm particles. These findings highlight dual advantages of ZnO NPs as an effective seed priming and foliar application, demonstrating potential as an efficient fertilizer for ornamental woody plants. In addition, significant concentration thresholds were found in both application methods (with varying thresholds), above which phytotoxic effects were observed.
期刊：
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE,2025年16:1551684 ISSN：1664-462X
通讯作者：
Wen, YF
作者机构：
[Xu, Jing; Wen, Yafeng; Wang, Chuncheng; Yan, Yadan; Zhao, Yanghui] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Landscape Architecture, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Xu, Jing; Wen, Yafeng; Wang, Chuncheng; Yan, Yadan; Zhao, Yanghui] Hunan Big Data Engn Technol Res Ctr Nat Protected, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Xu, Jing; Wen, Yafeng; Wang, Chuncheng; Yan, Yadan; Zhao, Yanghui] Carbon Sinks Forests Variety Innovat Ctr, Yuelushan Lab, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Wen, YF ] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Landscape Architecture, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Hunan Big Data Engn Technol Res Ctr Nat Protected, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Carbon Sinks Forests Variety Innovat Ctr, Yuelushan Lab, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Climate Change;Global Warming;Maxent;Suitable habitat;Hibiscus syriacus L
摘要：
Hibiscus syriacus L. (Malvaceae) is widely cultivated for its ornamental value and diverse applications in food, medicine, and textiles. Despite its extensive use, the key environmental factors and geographic patterns influencing its habitat suitability remain poorly understood. We applied the MaxEnt model to assess the current and projected future distribution of H. syriacus using 185 occurrence records and 20 environmental variables. Results showed that the current suitable habitat area covered 188.81 x 104 km(2). Temperature and precipitation played a crucial role in shaping the present geographical distribution of H. syriacus populations. Projections indicated that by the 2050s, the total suitable habitat area would expand, with the SSP585 scenario demonstrating the most substantial increase. However, a general decline was expected by the 2070s. The potential distribution, primarily concentrated in Hunan Province, was projected to shift southwestward. Migration patterns and habitat changes were primarily driven by substantial variations in temperature and precipitation. These findings highlight the impact of climate change on the habitat suitability of H. syriacus and offer a scientific basis for determining planting zones and strategies.
摘要：
Tree peony is a traditional woody flower originating from China and possesses high ornamental value. The yellow cultivar is even more precious, known as the highest grade. However, the molecular mechanism underlying tree peony yellow flower formation is still unclear. Our present work identified two transcription factors (TFs), PsMYB4 and PsEGL3, which were highly expressed in yellow tree peony cultivar. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that PsMYB4 belonged to the R2R3-MYB repressor, while PsEGL3 was clustered into subgroup IIIf of bHLH family. Overexpression of PsMYB4 and PsEGL3 respectively in tobacco inhibited anthocyanin synthesis, with PsMYB4 overexpressing lines being more pronounced and the expression levels of structural genes NtC4H, NtCHS, NtCHI, and NtDFR were significantly downregulated, while the expression levels of structural genes in PsEGL3 transgenic lines showed no significant pattern. On the contrary, the expression of PsCHS, PsCHI, PsF3H and PsDFR increased in either PsMYB4 or PsEGL3 silencing tree peony petals, in which endogenous PsMYB4 and PsEGL3 genes were also inhibited to a certain extent. Yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assays further confirmed PsMYB4 could interact with PsEGL3. Moreover, in dual-luciferase (LUC) assay, PsMYB4 and PsEGL3 synergistically suppressed the promoter activity of PsCHS, PsCHI, and PsDFR, thus inhibiting anthocyanin biosynthesis branch and leading to a metabolic flow towards the flavonol synthesis branch. These findings provide a new perspective for revealing the molecular mechanism of the yellow flower formation in tree peony.
作者机构：
[Hu, Wenmin; Li, Guo; Fu, Chen; Kang, Ting; Hu, WM; Jiao, Yizhuo] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Landscape Architecture, Changsha, Peoples R China.;[Hu, Wenmin; Li, Guo; Hu, WM] Hunan Big Data Engn Technol Res Ctr Nat Protected, Changsha, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Hu, WM ] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Landscape Architecture, Changsha, Peoples R China.;Hunan Big Data Engn Technol Res Ctr Nat Protected, Changsha, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Traditional villages in mountainous areas are numerous but scattered. Their landscapes are small in scale and simple in composition, undergoing certain evolution during the rural tourism development. However, the evolution trend and its relationship with rural tourism remain unclear. This paper presented a method to quantitatively define the landscape boundaries, using Xiangxi Prefecture’s traditional villages as an example. Then their landscape carrying capacity level, spatiotemporal evolutionary characteristics, and main influencing factors were revealed. The results indicate that the overall carrying capacity of traditional village landscapes is at a medium to low level, and terrain is the most important influencing factor. Traffic conditions have a significant impact on the carrying capacity of production and living landscapes. The evolution of carrying capacity has a certain correlation with tourism development trends and protection policies. Finally, suggestions for landscape protection and tourism development of traditional villages were proposed at the regional and village scales.
摘要：
Leaves are the primary tissue for photosynthesis and transpiration, playing an irreplaceable role in the ecosystem. Understanding variations in leaf morphology across different populations is crucial for better insight into plant classification, evolution, and cultivation practices. From 10 populations of Lagerstroemia excelsa and 80 individual specimens, we measured key leaf traits, including leaf length (LL), leaf width (LW), leaf area (LA), leaf circumference (LC), leaf basal angle (LBA), and leaf vein angle (LVA), to determine the geographic variation trends in leaf morphology across natural populations. Our results revealed several important findings: 1) signifi- cant differences in leaf morphology were observed among the populations; 2) temperature appears to be a primary factor influencing the potential geographic distribution of L. excelsa; 3) the 10 populations were grouped into two main categories, indicating that similar germplasm tends to be distributed contiguously. These insights are valuable for future efforts in the introduction, breeding, selection, and cultivation of L. excelsa.
摘要：
Traditional villages, as integral components of cultures worldwide, preserve rich and irreplaceable tangible and intangible cultural heritage. However, due to China's rapid urbanization and the burgeoning rural tourism industry, the original landscape of traditional villages is being damaged. Therefore, their visual landscape quality must be scientifically evaluated and protected. This study explores the impact of landscape features on visual landscape quality. It considers Zhaoxing Dong and Basha Miao villages as case studies, utilizing 360-degree panoramic technology, a combination of scenic beauty estimation and semantic differential methods, and expert focus group discussions. The analyses revealed that eight landscape feature indicators significantly affect the visual landscape quality of traditional villages. Among these, landform diversity, waterscape, architectural style uniformity, historical sense of paved roads, folk activity landscape, and environmental cleanliness have a significant positive impact on visual landscape quality, whereas plant diversity and color richness exhibit complex bidirectional effects in enhancing visual landscape quality. Experts discussed the mechanisms underlying these influencing factors and proposed seven specific strategies and recommendations for protecting and enhancing the visual landscape quality of traditional villages: enhancing ecological aspects, preserving cultural heritage, improving infrastructure and environmental protection, encouraging community participation, developing relevant policies and regulations, promoting sustainable tourism development, and encouraging cross-sector cooperation with funding and technical support to ensure sustainable development.
Traditional villages, as integral components of cultures worldwide, preserve rich and irreplaceable tangible and intangible cultural heritage. However, due to China's rapid urbanization and the burgeoning rural tourism industry, the original landscape of traditional villages is being damaged. Therefore, their visual landscape quality must be scientifically evaluated and protected. This study explores the impact of landscape features on visual landscape quality. It considers Zhaoxing Dong and Basha Miao villages as case studies, utilizing 360-degree panoramic technology, a combination of scenic beauty estimation and semantic differential methods, and expert focus group discussions. The analyses revealed that eight landscape feature indicators significantly affect the visual landscape quality of traditional villages. Among these, landform diversity, waterscape, architectural style uniformity, historical sense of paved roads, folk activity landscape, and environmental cleanliness have a significant positive impact on visual landscape quality, whereas plant diversity and color richness exhibit complex bidirectional effects in enhancing visual landscape quality. Experts discussed the mechanisms underlying these influencing factors and proposed seven specific strategies and recommendations for protecting and enhancing the visual landscape quality of traditional villages: enhancing ecological aspects, preserving cultural heritage, improving infrastructure and environmental protection, encouraging community participation, developing relevant policies and regulations, promoting sustainable tourism development, and encouraging cross-sector cooperation with funding and technical support to ensure sustainable development.
作者机构：
[Cao, Yuchi; Wang, Weiwei; Li, Yurou; Shen, Shouyun; Chen, Jiaao; Liao, Qiulin] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Landscape Architecture, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Cao, Yuchi; Wang, Weiwei; Li, Yurou; Shen, Shouyun; Chen, Jiaao; Liao, Qiulin] Natl Long Term Res Base Landscape Architecture Qin, Nanning, Guangxi, Peoples R China.;[Cao, Yuchi; Wang, Weiwei; Li, Yurou; Shen, Shouyun; Chen, Jiaao; Liao, Qiulin] Hunan Prov Ctr Big Data Engn Technol Res Nat Conse, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Cao, Yuchi; Wang, Weiwei; Li, Yurou; Shen, Shouyun; Chen, Jiaao; Liao, Qiulin] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Inst Human Settlements & Green Infrastruct, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Wang, WW; Shen, SY ] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Landscape Architecture, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Natl Long Term Res Base Landscape Architecture Qin, Nanning, Guangxi, Peoples R China.;Hunan Prov Ctr Big Data Engn Technol Res Nat Conse, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Inst Human Settlements & Green Infrastruct, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Recreation service (RS) in heritage-based tourism is crucial for redefining the value of heritage resources. Yet, existing studies often neglect public perception-driven RS variation, limiting the future functionality of the scenic areas and the heritage resource valorization. Taking scenic areas in Hunan province, China, as a case study, we developed an RS assessment framework based on big data to evaluate RS and the comprehensive recreation service index, followed by K-means clustering for scenic area zoning. Key RS determinants were identified using XGBoost. Key findings include: (1) 56 recreation activities, 8 RSs, and 8 recreation scenic areas were identified; (2) Key determinants include popularity (importance = 0.114), proximity to cities (0.246), and adjacency to renowned scenic areas (0.355). This framework addresses the gap that focuses solely on spatiotemporal patterns while neglecting RS typology differences in scenic areas, and provides evidence-based insights to enhance heritage utilization and sustainable tourism in scenic areas.
期刊：
Global Ecology and Conservation,2025年57:e03349 ISSN：2351-9894
通讯作者：
Wen, YF;Zhang, DL
作者机构：
[Xu, Liang; Wen, Yafeng; Zhao, Yanghui] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Landscape Architecture, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Xu, Liang] Zhejiang Acad Foresty, Hangzhou 310023, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Ying] Guizhou Normal Univ, Sch Karst Sci, Guiyang 550001, Guizhou, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Donglin; Zhang, DL] Univ Georgia, Dept Hort, Athens, GA 30602 USA.;[Zhao, Yanghui; Wen, Yafeng] Hunan Big Data Engn Technol Res Ctr Nat Protected, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Wen, YF ] C;[Zhang, DL ] U;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Landscape Architecture, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Univ Georgia, Dept Hort, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
关键词：
Climate change;Forest tree;Multi-species distribution model;Habitats suitability;Geographic distribution
摘要：
Anthropogenic climate change (ANCC), which strongly affects forest trees, has brought major challenges. Unraveling the influences of ANCC on forest trees is essential for understanding the response of forests to climate change and devising future strategies for forestry construction and production. In this study, multi-species distribution models and ArcGIS were utilized to identify priority planting and tending areas and simulate the spatiotemporal variation of habitat suitability for two economically and ecologically important forest trees: China fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook.) and Masson pine (Pinus massoniana Lamb.) in China. Results showed that these two forest trees were significantly affected by precipitation and temperature. Currently, the priority planting and tending areas of China fir are mainly distributed in 169 and 261 counties, respectively, whereas the priority planting and tending regions of Masson pine are mainly distributed in 213 and 170 counties, respectively. The suitable habitats for the two forest trees will change significantly under four shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs) in the future three periods (2050 s, 2070 s and 2090 s): (i) the transition zones between tropical and sub-tropical regions and between temperate and sub-tropical regions are the main expansion (Yunnan, Henan, Hubei and Anhui) and loss areas (Guangdong, Hainan, Hunan and Taiwan), respectively. (ii) the suitable habitat is facing a situation of “North expansion” and “South contraction” and moving northward as a whole with climate change. (iii) future hydrothermal change is the primary driver of the expansion, contraction and migration of the suitability habitats for both forest trees. Strengthening intergovernmental cooperation and increasing forest coverage to achieve carbon neutrality, as well as controlling and mitigating the rise in climate warming, will help address the challenges posed by climate change to forestry production and development.
Anthropogenic climate change (ANCC), which strongly affects forest trees, has brought major challenges. Unraveling the influences of ANCC on forest trees is essential for understanding the response of forests to climate change and devising future strategies for forestry construction and production. In this study, multi-species distribution models and ArcGIS were utilized to identify priority planting and tending areas and simulate the spatiotemporal variation of habitat suitability for two economically and ecologically important forest trees: China fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook.) and Masson pine (Pinus massoniana Lamb.) in China. Results showed that these two forest trees were significantly affected by precipitation and temperature. Currently, the priority planting and tending areas of China fir are mainly distributed in 169 and 261 counties, respectively, whereas the priority planting and tending regions of Masson pine are mainly distributed in 213 and 170 counties, respectively. The suitable habitats for the two forest trees will change significantly under four shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs) in the future three periods (2050 s, 2070 s and 2090 s): (i) the transition zones between tropical and sub-tropical regions and between temperate and sub-tropical regions are the main expansion (Yunnan, Henan, Hubei and Anhui) and loss areas (Guangdong, Hainan, Hunan and Taiwan), respectively. (ii) the suitable habitat is facing a situation of “North expansion” and “South contraction” and moving northward as a whole with climate change. (iii) future hydrothermal change is the primary driver of the expansion, contraction and migration of the suitability habitats for both forest trees. Strengthening intergovernmental cooperation and increasing forest coverage to achieve carbon neutrality, as well as controlling and mitigating the rise in climate warming, will help address the challenges posed by climate change to forestry production and development.
摘要：
The industrial cultivation of Camellia oil tree, a key woody oil species, has faced substantial challenges due to escalating extreme weather events in recent years. To investigate rhizosphere adaptations to irrigation regimes, three-year-old saplings were subjected to four evapotranspiration (ET)-based treatments: 50 % ET (I50), 75 % ET (I75), 100 % ET (I100), and natural rainfall (Control). Soil available nutrients (dissolved organic nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, available phosphorus) and enzyme activities (urease, phytase, acid phosphatase, β-glucosidase, leucine aminopeptidase) were significantly lower under I100 than under I50. Metagenomic and untargeted metabolomic analyses revealed rhizosphere responses to these treatments. Shannon diversity index at phylum and genus levels were significantly higher in I50 and I75 than in I100. Relative abundances of Pseudomonadota, Acidobacteriota, Actinomycetota, and Bacteroidota increased in I50 and I75 but decreased in I100. Reduced irrigation elevated soil nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) cycling gene abundance. Differentially abundant metabolites were predominantly enriched in amino acid biosynthesis pathways. Integrated analysis demonstrated a positive correlation between L-glutamate e and N/P cycling genes, alongside significant negative correlations with soil and leaf water content. In summary, under irrigation deficit, Camellia oil tree roots exhibited increased L-glutamate levels alongside enriched Acidobacteriota, Actinomycetota, Chloroflexota, and Planctomycetota, collectively enhancing soil N and P cycling. These findings advance irrigation strategy optimization for drought resilience and deepen understanding of plant-environment interactions in perennial crops.
The industrial cultivation of Camellia oil tree, a key woody oil species, has faced substantial challenges due to escalating extreme weather events in recent years. To investigate rhizosphere adaptations to irrigation regimes, three-year-old saplings were subjected to four evapotranspiration (ET)-based treatments: 50 % ET (I50), 75 % ET (I75), 100 % ET (I100), and natural rainfall (Control). Soil available nutrients (dissolved organic nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, available phosphorus) and enzyme activities (urease, phytase, acid phosphatase, β-glucosidase, leucine aminopeptidase) were significantly lower under I100 than under I50. Metagenomic and untargeted metabolomic analyses revealed rhizosphere responses to these treatments. Shannon diversity index at phylum and genus levels were significantly higher in I50 and I75 than in I100. Relative abundances of Pseudomonadota, Acidobacteriota, Actinomycetota, and Bacteroidota increased in I50 and I75 but decreased in I100. Reduced irrigation elevated soil nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) cycling gene abundance. Differentially abundant metabolites were predominantly enriched in amino acid biosynthesis pathways. Integrated analysis demonstrated a positive correlation between L-glutamate e and N/P cycling genes, alongside significant negative correlations with soil and leaf water content. In summary, under irrigation deficit, Camellia oil tree roots exhibited increased L-glutamate levels alongside enriched Acidobacteriota, Actinomycetota, Chloroflexota, and Planctomycetota, collectively enhancing soil N and P cycling. These findings advance irrigation strategy optimization for drought resilience and deepen understanding of plant-environment interactions in perennial crops.
期刊：
Industrial Crops and Products,2025年233:121440 ISSN：0926-6690
通讯作者：
Xing, W;Li, ZQ
作者机构：
[Zhang, Minhuan; Jin, Xi; Xing, Wen; Zhang, Jun; Cao, Yuxin; Wen, Yafeng] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Landscape Architecture, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;[Li, Zeqing] Hubei Univ Sci & Technol, Natl Forestry & Grassland Adm, Engn Res Ctr Osmanthus Fragrans, Xianning 437100, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Minhuan; Jin, Xi; Xing, Wen; Zhang, Jun; Cao, Yuxin; Wen, Yafeng] Hunan Big Data Engn Technol Res Ctr Nat Protected, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Li, ZQ ] H;[Xing, W ] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Landscape Architecture, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;Hubei Univ Sci & Technol, Natl Forestry & Grassland Adm, Engn Res Ctr Osmanthus Fragrans, Xianning 437100, Peoples R China.
关键词：
ATAC-seq;Heat stress;HSF;SHSP;BAG;Rosa
摘要：
High temperatures significantly hinder the application of roses in landscaping and negatively impact floral yield and quality. However, the transcriptional regulatory network governing the heat stress response (HSR) in roses remains poorly understood. In this study, ATAC-seq and RNA-seq profiling of Rosa chinensis under heat stress revealed dynamic changes in chromatin accessibility within two hours of exposure. Differentially accessible regions (DARs) were found to be downregulated in promoters but upregulated in intergenic regions. Heat-activated genes associated with upregulated DARs were enriched in pathways related to stress resilience across four timepoints. Notably, heat-responsive genes harbored abundant heat shock factor (HSF) binding motifs within their accessible regions. The small heat shock protein gene ( HSP18.1 ) and Bcl-2-associated athanogene gene ( BAG6 ) showed strongest chromatin accessibility-expression correlations, containing HSF cis-elements in their promoters. We identified RcHSF30 (a member of the HSFA2 family) as significantly upregulated during heat stress. Molecular docking analysis and electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) confirmed that RcHSF30 binds to the accessible promoter regions of RcHSP18.1 and RcBAG6 . Overexpression of RcHSF30 in transgenic R. rugosa enhanced thermotolerance, reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, and upregulated the expression of HSP18.1 and BAG6 . This study elucidates the epigenetic regulatory mechanisms underlying the heat stress response in roses and provides a foundation for the development of heat-tolerant rose cultivars.
High temperatures significantly hinder the application of roses in landscaping and negatively impact floral yield and quality. However, the transcriptional regulatory network governing the heat stress response (HSR) in roses remains poorly understood. In this study, ATAC-seq and RNA-seq profiling of Rosa chinensis under heat stress revealed dynamic changes in chromatin accessibility within two hours of exposure. Differentially accessible regions (DARs) were found to be downregulated in promoters but upregulated in intergenic regions. Heat-activated genes associated with upregulated DARs were enriched in pathways related to stress resilience across four timepoints. Notably, heat-responsive genes harbored abundant heat shock factor (HSF) binding motifs within their accessible regions. The small heat shock protein gene ( HSP18.1 ) and Bcl-2-associated athanogene gene ( BAG6 ) showed strongest chromatin accessibility-expression correlations, containing HSF cis-elements in their promoters. We identified RcHSF30 (a member of the HSFA2 family) as significantly upregulated during heat stress. Molecular docking analysis and electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) confirmed that RcHSF30 binds to the accessible promoter regions of RcHSP18.1 and RcBAG6 . Overexpression of RcHSF30 in transgenic R. rugosa enhanced thermotolerance, reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, and upregulated the expression of HSP18.1 and BAG6 . This study elucidates the epigenetic regulatory mechanisms underlying the heat stress response in roses and provides a foundation for the development of heat-tolerant rose cultivars.
