摘要：
Urban agglomeration ecosystems are impacted by human activities and natural disasters, so analyzing the spatial and temporal evolution of landscape ecological resilience from the perspective of adaptive cycling is crucial. Using the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban agglomeration in China as a case study, this research constructs a "Risk-Potential-Connectivity" framework to evaluate ecological resilience. This framework applies exploratory spatial data analysis methods to examine the spatiotemporal evolution and associated patterns of resilience and the Geodetector model to measure the driving factors of spatial variation. This study constructs an adaptive cycle model based on ecological resilience analysis, integrating potential and connectivity indices to classify the development stages of urban agglomeration regions dynamically. The results showed that the overall spatial distribution pattern of ecological risk decreased from the center outward, whereas ecological potential and connectivity increased. The average resilience index from 2000 to 2020 was 0.31, with a declining trend and shifting center of gravity from northwest to southeast. The spatial and temporal distribution of toughness exhibited high and low aggregation, with an overall Moran index greater than 0.75. Land-use intensity had the strongest explanatory power (q = 0.3662) for the spatial differentiation of landscape ecological resilience drivers and the joint effects of factor interaction had a higher explanatory power than single factors. Adaptive cycle analysis revealed that Furong District is in the protection stage, Xiangtan County in the development stage, and Liling City in the reorganization stage, with no region yet in the release stage. The findings offer a better understanding of the interactive adaptation characteristics and evolutionary patterns of social-ecological systems over extended periods, providing scientific support for the formulation of protection strategies to respond to dynamic changes in urban agglomeration ecosystems.
摘要：
The digital recognition and preservation of historical architectural heritage has become a critical challenge in cultural inheritance and sustainable urban development. While deep learning methods show promise in architectural classification, existing models often struggle to achieve ideal results due to the complexity and uniqueness of historical buildings, particularly the limited data availability in remote areas. Focusing on the study of Chinese historical architecture, this research proposes an innovative architectural recognition framework that integrates the Swin Transformer backbone with a custom-designed Global Channel and Spatial Attention (GCSA) mechanism, thereby substantially enhancing the model's capability to extract architectural details and comprehend global contextual information. Through extensive experiments on a constructed historical building dataset, our model achieves an outstanding performance of over 97.8% in key metrics including accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score (harmonic mean of the precision and recall), surpassing traditional CNN (convolutional neural network) architectures and contemporary deep learning models. To gain deeper insights into the model's decision-making process, we employed comprehensive interpretability methods including t-SNE (t-distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding), Grad-CAM (gradient-weighted class activation mapping), and multi-layer feature map analysis, revealing the model's systematic feature extraction process from structural elements to material textures. This study offers substantial technical support for the digital modeling and recognition of architectural heritage in historical buildings, establishing a foundation for heritage damage assessment. It contributes to the formulation of precise restoration strategies and provides a scientific basis for governments and cultural heritage institutions to develop region-specific policies for conservation efforts.
摘要：
Seasonal drought has hindered the sustainable growth of the Camellia oil tree industry. While brassinolide (BL) can mitigate drought stress in plants to some extent, the regulatory mechanisms underlying BL's effects in Camellia oil tree remain unclear. To investigate the mechanisms by which BL alleviates drought stress in Camellia oil tree, three-year-old 'Huashuo' cutting seedling was exposed to three experimental treatments: CK (normal watering), UW (no watering), and BL (no watering, sprayed with 1 mg∙L(- 1) BL). Leaf anatomical observation, hormone quantification, and transcriptomic profiling were performed on leaf samples collected at days 2, 4, and 6 following treatments. The results demonstrated that (i) BL treatment significantly increased leaf and spongy tissue thickness; (ii) BL reduced ABA and IAA levels in leaves under drought stress; (iii) WGCNA identified three modules linked to ABA, IAA, and their corresponding hormone levels, with subsequent analysis infer NAC transcription factors (TFs) as the primary regulators in these modules. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the role of BL in alleviating drought stress in tree crop and provides a fundamental reference for molecular breeding and genetic improvement of Camellia oil tree.
摘要：
Urban street spaces play a crucial role in children’s daily commuting and social activities. Therefore, the design of these spaces must give more consideration to children’s perceptual preferences. Traditional street landscape perception studies often rely on subjective analysis, which lacks objective, data-driven insights. This study overcomes this limitation by using eye-tracking technology to evaluate children’s preferences more scientifically. We collected eye-tracking data from 57 children aged 6–12 as they naturally viewed 30 images depicting school commuting environments. Data analysis revealed that the proportions of landscape elements in different street types influenced the visual perception characteristics of children in this age group. On well-maintained main and secondary roads, elements such as minibikes, people, plants, and grass attracted significant visual attention from children. In contrast, commercial streets and residential streets, characterized by greater diversity in landscape elements, elicited more frequent gazes. Children’s eye-tracking behaviors were particularly influenced by vibrant elements like walls, plants, cars, signboards, minibikes, and trade. Furthermore, due to the developmental immaturity of children’s visual systems, no significant gender differences were observed in visual perception. Understanding children’s visual landscape preferences provides a new perspective for researching the sustainable development of child-friendly cities at the community level. These findings offer valuable insights for optimizing the design of child-friendly streets.
通讯机构：
[Wen, YF ] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Landscape & Architecture, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;Hunan Big Data Engn Technol Res Ctr Nat Protected, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;Yuelushan Lab, Carbon Sinks Forests Variety Innovat Ctr, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Taxus in East Asia;biogeographic history;conservation priorities;niche evolution;phyloclimatic modeling;phylogenetic niche conservatism
摘要：
Understanding ecological niche evolution patterns is crucial for elucidating biogeographic history and guiding biodiversity conservation. Taxus is a Tertiary relict gymnosperm with 11 lineages mainly distributed across East Asia, spanning from tropical to subarctic regions. However, the spatiotemporal dynamics of its ecological niche evolution and the roles of ecological and geographical factors in lineage diversification, remain unclear. Using occurrence records, environmental data, and reconstructed phylogenies, we employed ensemble ecological niche models (eENMs), environmental principle components analysis (PCA-env), and phyloclimatic modeling to analyze niche similarity and evolution among 11 Taxus lineages. Based on reconstructed Bayesian trees and geographical distribution characteristics, we classified the eleven lineages into four clades: Northern (T. cuspidata), Central (T. chinensis, T. qinlingensis, and the Emei type), Western (T. wallichiana, T. florinii, and T. contorta), and Southern (T. calcicola, T. phytonii, T. mairei, and the Huangshan type). Orogenic activities and climate changes in the Tibetan Plateau since the Late Miocene likely facilitated the local adaptation of ancestral populations in Central China, the Hengduan Mountains, and the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, driving their expansion and diversification towards the west and south. Key environmental variables, including extreme temperature, temperature and precipitation variability, light, and altitude, were identified as major drivers of current niche divergence. Both niche conservatism and divergence were observed, with early conservatism followed by recent divergence. The Southern clade exhibits high heat and moisture tolerance, suggesting an adaptive shift, while the Central and Western clades retain ancestral drought and cold tolerance, displaying significant phylogenetic niche conservatism (PNC). We recommend prioritizing the conservation of T. qinlingensis, which exhibits the highest PNC level, particularly in the Qinling, Daba, and Taihang Mountains, which are highly degraded and vulnerable to future climate fluctuations.
通讯机构：
[Zhang, MH ] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Landscape Architecture, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.
关键词：
DREB2A;HSFA3;High temperature treatment;Transcriptome analysis;Tree peony
摘要：
Paeonia suffruticosa is a plant of Paeonia in Paeoniaceae. It is an important woody ornamental flower in the world. High temperature in summer hinders the growth of tree peony and reduces its ornamental quality, which restricts the cultivation and application of tree peony in Jiangnan area of China. Paeonia suffruticosa 'Hu Hong' is a traditional Chinese tree peony variety with high ornamental value. It is an excellent parent material for cultivating heat-resistant peony. This paper selected the tree peony variety 'Hu Hong' as the material. The transcriptome data of Paeonia suffruticosa 'Hu Hong' at 0, 2, 6, 12 and 24 h after high temperature treatment were analyzed by RNA-Seq method. At each time point, a large number of significantly differentially expressed genes(DEGs) were screened between tree peony cultured at high temperature and room temperature. The analysis of the common DEGs in the four comparison groups showed that the differential genes were mainly enriched in the GO terms ' protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum', 'Pentose and glucuronate interconversions ', ' plant-pathogen interaction ', ' zeatin biosynthesis ', ' fatty acid elongation ', and ' plant hormone signal transduction ' pathways. Abscisic acid(ABA), ethylene(ET) and brassinosteroid(BR) signaling related genes were significantly up-regulated in 'Hu Hong' to resist high temperature treatment. In the auxin(IAA), cytokinin(CTK), gibberellin(GA), salicylic acid(SA) pathways, compared with the control group, the down-regulated expression was involved in hormone signal transduction to respond to high temperature treatment. A total of 62 TFs from 28 different families were annotated, with the AP2/ERF family annotating the largest number. Among the TFs annotated to the AP2/ERF family, the highest expression gene PsDREB2A was found. Overexpression of PsDREB2A Arabidopsis plants improved heat tolerance under high temperature treatment. However, silencing PsDREB2A in tree peony resulted in a heat-intolerant phenotype. PsDREB2A can directly bind to the DRE-core motif in the PsHSFA3 promoter to initiate its expression. In addition, PsHSFA3-overexpressing plants showed higher heat resistance, while PsHSFA3-silenced plants showed lower heat resistance. This study provides a scientific basis for in-depth study of the molecular mechanism of high temperature treatment response in tree peony, improving the heat signal transduction regulation network of tree peony, and mining heat-resistant related genes.
Paeonia suffruticosa is a plant of Paeonia in Paeoniaceae. It is an important woody ornamental flower in the world. High temperature in summer hinders the growth of tree peony and reduces its ornamental quality, which restricts the cultivation and application of tree peony in Jiangnan area of China. Paeonia suffruticosa 'Hu Hong' is a traditional Chinese tree peony variety with high ornamental value. It is an excellent parent material for cultivating heat-resistant peony. This paper selected the tree peony variety 'Hu Hong' as the material. The transcriptome data of Paeonia suffruticosa 'Hu Hong' at 0, 2, 6, 12 and 24 h after high temperature treatment were analyzed by RNA-Seq method. At each time point, a large number of significantly differentially expressed genes(DEGs) were screened between tree peony cultured at high temperature and room temperature. The analysis of the common DEGs in the four comparison groups showed that the differential genes were mainly enriched in the GO terms ' protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum', 'Pentose and glucuronate interconversions ', ' plant-pathogen interaction ', ' zeatin biosynthesis ', ' fatty acid elongation ', and ' plant hormone signal transduction ' pathways. Abscisic acid(ABA), ethylene(ET) and brassinosteroid(BR) signaling related genes were significantly up-regulated in 'Hu Hong' to resist high temperature treatment. In the auxin(IAA), cytokinin(CTK), gibberellin(GA), salicylic acid(SA) pathways, compared with the control group, the down-regulated expression was involved in hormone signal transduction to respond to high temperature treatment. A total of 62 TFs from 28 different families were annotated, with the AP2/ERF family annotating the largest number. Among the TFs annotated to the AP2/ERF family, the highest expression gene PsDREB2A was found. Overexpression of PsDREB2A Arabidopsis plants improved heat tolerance under high temperature treatment. However, silencing PsDREB2A in tree peony resulted in a heat-intolerant phenotype. PsDREB2A can directly bind to the DRE-core motif in the PsHSFA3 promoter to initiate its expression. In addition, PsHSFA3-overexpressing plants showed higher heat resistance, while PsHSFA3-silenced plants showed lower heat resistance. This study provides a scientific basis for in-depth study of the molecular mechanism of high temperature treatment response in tree peony, improving the heat signal transduction regulation network of tree peony, and mining heat-resistant related genes.
摘要：
Leaves are the primary tissue for photosynthesis and transpiration, playing an irreplaceable role in the ecosystem. Understanding variations in leaf morphology across different populations is crucial for better insight into plant classification, evolution, and cultivation practices. From 10 populations of Lagerstroemia excelsa and 80 individual specimens, we measured key leaf traits, including leaf length (LL), leaf width (LW), leaf area (LA), leaf circumference (LC), leaf basal angle (LBA), and leaf vein angle (LVA), to determine the geographic variation trends in leaf morphology across natural populations. Our results revealed several important findings: 1) signifi- cant differences in leaf morphology were observed among the populations; 2) temperature appears to be a primary factor influencing the potential geographic distribution of L. excelsa; 3) the 10 populations were grouped into two main categories, indicating that similar germplasm tends to be distributed contiguously. These insights are valuable for future efforts in the introduction, breeding, selection, and cultivation of L. excelsa.
摘要：
Traditional villages, as integral components of cultures worldwide, preserve rich and irreplaceable tangible and intangible cultural heritage. However, due to China's rapid urbanization and the burgeoning rural tourism industry, the original landscape of traditional villages is being damaged. Therefore, their visual landscape quality must be scientifically evaluated and protected. This study explores the impact of landscape features on visual landscape quality. It considers Zhaoxing Dong and Basha Miao villages as case studies, utilizing 360-degree panoramic technology, a combination of scenic beauty estimation and semantic differential methods, and expert focus group discussions. The analyses revealed that eight landscape feature indicators significantly affect the visual landscape quality of traditional villages. Among these, landform diversity, waterscape, architectural style uniformity, historical sense of paved roads, folk activity landscape, and environmental cleanliness have a significant positive impact on visual landscape quality, whereas plant diversity and color richness exhibit complex bidirectional effects in enhancing visual landscape quality. Experts discussed the mechanisms underlying these influencing factors and proposed seven specific strategies and recommendations for protecting and enhancing the visual landscape quality of traditional villages: enhancing ecological aspects, preserving cultural heritage, improving infrastructure and environmental protection, encouraging community participation, developing relevant policies and regulations, promoting sustainable tourism development, and encouraging cross-sector cooperation with funding and technical support to ensure sustainable development.
Traditional villages, as integral components of cultures worldwide, preserve rich and irreplaceable tangible and intangible cultural heritage. However, due to China's rapid urbanization and the burgeoning rural tourism industry, the original landscape of traditional villages is being damaged. Therefore, their visual landscape quality must be scientifically evaluated and protected. This study explores the impact of landscape features on visual landscape quality. It considers Zhaoxing Dong and Basha Miao villages as case studies, utilizing 360-degree panoramic technology, a combination of scenic beauty estimation and semantic differential methods, and expert focus group discussions. The analyses revealed that eight landscape feature indicators significantly affect the visual landscape quality of traditional villages. Among these, landform diversity, waterscape, architectural style uniformity, historical sense of paved roads, folk activity landscape, and environmental cleanliness have a significant positive impact on visual landscape quality, whereas plant diversity and color richness exhibit complex bidirectional effects in enhancing visual landscape quality. Experts discussed the mechanisms underlying these influencing factors and proposed seven specific strategies and recommendations for protecting and enhancing the visual landscape quality of traditional villages: enhancing ecological aspects, preserving cultural heritage, improving infrastructure and environmental protection, encouraging community participation, developing relevant policies and regulations, promoting sustainable tourism development, and encouraging cross-sector cooperation with funding and technical support to ensure sustainable development.
摘要：
Crape myrtle (Lagerstroemia L.), as a popular ornamental plant, holds significant importance in residents' daily lives by supporting ecosystem services, enhancing urban aesthetics, and even impacting biological health. There are notable variations among crape myrtle species across different geographical distributions. However, potential differences in residents' preferences for observing crape myrtle in various regions have not been thoroughly investigated. This study, based on a comprehensive analysis of 700 survey responses from diverse regions in China, sought to determine if discernible patterns exist in residents' preferences for crape myrtle. The results revealed that residents across different regions exhibited distinct preferences for various ornamental characteristics of crape myrtle. These differences were particularly pronounced in intangible aspects such as cultural expression, ecological value, and economic value. Furthermore, the study demonstrated that the factors driving market demand for ornamental crape myrtle varied substantially across different regional populations. In north China, the flowering period and leaf size were identified as the primary factors influencing market interest. For south China, both the flowering period and flower size were crucial determinants. In central China, the key factors were the flowering period and flower color. The market demand in east China was largely driven by flower size and the flowering period. In northeast China, flower color and planting form played pivotal roles, while in northwest China, spatial ambiance and plant phenotype were significant in shaping preferences. Finally, in southwest China, landscape type and fruit color were the primary factors influencing market demand. These findings provide valuable insights into the relationship between regional preferences and the prevalence of crape myrtle, highlighting the potential factors that shape aesthetic choices in different parts of China.
期刊：
Global Ecology and Conservation,2025年57:e03349 ISSN：2351-9894
通讯作者：
Wen, YF;Zhang, DL
作者机构：
[Xu, Liang; Wen, Yafeng; Zhao, Yanghui] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Landscape Architecture, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Xu, Liang] Zhejiang Acad Foresty, Hangzhou 310023, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Ying] Guizhou Normal Univ, Sch Karst Sci, Guiyang 550001, Guizhou, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Donglin; Zhang, DL] Univ Georgia, Dept Hort, Athens, GA 30602 USA.;[Zhao, Yanghui; Wen, Yafeng] Hunan Big Data Engn Technol Res Ctr Nat Protected, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Wen, YF ] C;[Zhang, DL ] U;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Landscape Architecture, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Univ Georgia, Dept Hort, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
关键词：
Climate change;Forest tree;Multi-species distribution model;Habitats suitability;Geographic distribution
摘要：
Anthropogenic climate change (ANCC), which strongly affects forest trees, has brought major challenges. Unraveling the influences of ANCC on forest trees is essential for understanding the response of forests to climate change and devising future strategies for forestry construction and production. In this study, multi-species distribution models and ArcGIS were utilized to identify priority planting and tending areas and simulate the spatiotemporal variation of habitat suitability for two economically and ecologically important forest trees: China fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook.) and Masson pine (Pinus massoniana Lamb.) in China. Results showed that these two forest trees were significantly affected by precipitation and temperature. Currently, the priority planting and tending areas of China fir are mainly distributed in 169 and 261 counties, respectively, whereas the priority planting and tending regions of Masson pine are mainly distributed in 213 and 170 counties, respectively. The suitable habitats for the two forest trees will change significantly under four shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs) in the future three periods (2050 s, 2070 s and 2090 s): (i) the transition zones between tropical and sub-tropical regions and between temperate and sub-tropical regions are the main expansion (Yunnan, Henan, Hubei and Anhui) and loss areas (Guangdong, Hainan, Hunan and Taiwan), respectively. (ii) the suitable habitat is facing a situation of “North expansion” and “South contraction” and moving northward as a whole with climate change. (iii) future hydrothermal change is the primary driver of the expansion, contraction and migration of the suitability habitats for both forest trees. Strengthening intergovernmental cooperation and increasing forest coverage to achieve carbon neutrality, as well as controlling and mitigating the rise in climate warming, will help address the challenges posed by climate change to forestry production and development.
Anthropogenic climate change (ANCC), which strongly affects forest trees, has brought major challenges. Unraveling the influences of ANCC on forest trees is essential for understanding the response of forests to climate change and devising future strategies for forestry construction and production. In this study, multi-species distribution models and ArcGIS were utilized to identify priority planting and tending areas and simulate the spatiotemporal variation of habitat suitability for two economically and ecologically important forest trees: China fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook.) and Masson pine (Pinus massoniana Lamb.) in China. Results showed that these two forest trees were significantly affected by precipitation and temperature. Currently, the priority planting and tending areas of China fir are mainly distributed in 169 and 261 counties, respectively, whereas the priority planting and tending regions of Masson pine are mainly distributed in 213 and 170 counties, respectively. The suitable habitats for the two forest trees will change significantly under four shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs) in the future three periods (2050 s, 2070 s and 2090 s): (i) the transition zones between tropical and sub-tropical regions and between temperate and sub-tropical regions are the main expansion (Yunnan, Henan, Hubei and Anhui) and loss areas (Guangdong, Hainan, Hunan and Taiwan), respectively. (ii) the suitable habitat is facing a situation of “North expansion” and “South contraction” and moving northward as a whole with climate change. (iii) future hydrothermal change is the primary driver of the expansion, contraction and migration of the suitability habitats for both forest trees. Strengthening intergovernmental cooperation and increasing forest coverage to achieve carbon neutrality, as well as controlling and mitigating the rise in climate warming, will help address the challenges posed by climate change to forestry production and development.
通讯机构：
[He, W ] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Landscape & Architecture, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.
关键词：
energy transition;green technology innovation;rural habitat system resilience
摘要：
Rural areas play an important role in the energy transition process, and understanding the impact of green innovation on rural habitat system resilience is highly important. Using data from 30 provinces in China from 2011 to 2022, this study employs the entropy method to quantify rural habitat system resilience and examines the relationship between green innovation and rural habitat system resilience using a fixed-effects model. The results indicate that for every one-unit increase in green innovation, rural habitat system resilience increases by 0.012-0.018 units. Robustness tests, including replacing the core explanatory variables, introducing a one-period lag for core explanatory variables, and substituting a fixed-effects model with the system GMM model, confirm the reliability of the findings. Heterogeneity analysis reveals that green innovation has the greatest effect on enhancing rural habitat system resilience in China's central region. Further analysis demonstrates that green innovation indirectly strengthens rural habitat system resilience by increasing public concern about environmental pollution and reinforcing environmental regulation. These findings provide a scientific basis for improving the environmental resilience of rural communities by integrating life, production, and ecological systems through technological innovation in the context of carbon neutrality. They also contribute to the advancement of sustainable development through nature-based solutions.
摘要：
Urban heat island (UHI) effect significantly influences the urban sustainability and health of cities and varies seasonally. However, spring and autumn have received less attention. Furthermore, research on long-term seasonal UHI changes and impacts is insufficient. This study examines the seasonal spatiotemporal dynamics and gradient characteristics of UHI in spring, summer, autumn, and winter in Changsha, a typical subtropical "furnace city" from 2006 to 2022. (1) Spatiotemporal dynamics: The high-temperature UHI (relatively high-temperature zone and high-temperature zone) range expands most significantly in spring and least in autumn. Additionally, the UHI migrates northward within the study area, and proximity to the urban core results in multiple high-temperature UHI effects. (2) Gradient characteristics: The proportion of the high-temperature UHI in spring, summer, autumn, and winter decreases to varying degrees within the 5 km gradient from the central point, but increases within the 6-8 km and 11-13 km gradients, especially in spring and autumn. Additionally, within the 8 km gradient in spring, the aggregation index (AI), contagion index (CONTAG), and largest patch index (LPI) decreased, with UHI patches more affected by these metrics in autumn. Overall, this study offers new insights into the seasonal effects and development of UHI, which are crucial for addressing climate change, promoting sustainability, and improving human well-being.
通讯机构：
[Wen, YF ] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Landscape Architecture, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Hunan Big Data Engn Technol Res Ctr Nat Protected, Nat Protected Areas Landscape Resources, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;Carbon Sinks Forests Variety Innovat Ctr, Yuelushan Lab, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Distribution boundaries;Genetic variation pattern;Interspecific divergence;Dispersal corridor;Taxus
摘要：
BACKGROUND: Phenotypic, ecological, and genetic differences are crucial for species delimitation and understanding speciation. However, the defining the distribution boundaries and mechanisms driving lineage differentiation of Taxus species in northern and central China remain unclear. This study combines three molecular markers (trnL-trnF, rbcL, ITS), leaf morphological, and ecological data, integrating multiple taxonomy, ecology, and phylogeography approaches to systematically investigate the taxonomic status and spatial genetic patterns of Taxus species in these regions. RESULTS: A total of 177 samples from 27 populations, representing the natural distribution of Taxus in central and northern China, were collected. T. chinensis (TC) mainly occurs from 1000-2400m in the south of Qinling Mountains, T. mairei (TM) from 100-1000m in the south of Daba Mountains, and T. qinlingensis (TQ) from 900-1800m in the north of Qinling Mountains. The three species overlap in the central Qinling, eastern Daba, and Wushan Mountains at elevations of 900-1800 m. Seventeen haplotypes and 21 ribotypes were identified, forming three clusters corresponding to TC, TM, and TQ. Both cpDNA and nDNA data reveals distinct phylogeographic structures, significant genetic differentiation, and smaller bidirectional gene flow among species. Genetic and niche play a more prominent role in species divergence than morphological traits. Effective population sizes and genetic diversity are higher in TC and TM than in TQ. Suitable habitats expanded southwestward after the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and are projected to shift northwestward and contract under future warming scenarios. CONCLUSION: Geologic movement (rapid uplift of the Qinling and surrounding mountains), climate fluctuations (cold-drying effect, and glacial-interglacial cycles), and habitat heterogeneity (gradients in geography and elevation) together shaped interspecific adaptive differentiation and shifts in population dynamics of the three Taxus species. The Qinling-Daba-Wushan mountain range likely played a key role in the independent evolution of these species in local glacial refugia and their post-glacial recontact at the intersection of these mountain ranges. This study provides new insights into the taxonomic status and genetic variation pattern of Taxus species in central and northern China.
摘要：
Soil cadmium (Cd) contamination threatens plant growth and agricultural productivity. Hibiscus syriacus L., valued for its ornamental, edible, and medicinal properties, is widely cultivated in Cd-contaminated areas of southern China.This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of nano-zinc oxide (nZnO) in alleviating Cd toxicity in H. syriacu s, examining plant phenotypes, physiological and biochemical responses, root ultrastructure, and the accumulation and distribution of Cd and Zn within the soil- H. syriacus system. Pot experiments included Cd treatment (100 mg/kg) and combined soil or foliar applications of nZnO (50 and 100 mg/L), with plants harvested after 45 days. Compared to Cd treatment alone, the combined application of nZnO significantly increased biomass in roots, stems, and leaves, improved photosynthetic performance, osmotic regulation, and antioxidant levels, and mitigated root cell damage; Cd concentrated mainly in roots, and nZnO reduced root Cd levels by 0.24 %–9.06 %. SEM-EDS observations revealed that Cd predominantly accumulated in the root epidermis and cortex, with Cd stress leading to increased levels and localized aggregation of Cd in the xylem. By contrast, nZnO treatment alleviated this disruption. Leaf application of 50 mg/L nZnO showed the best results. These findings highlight nZnO as a promising nano fertilizer for alleviating Cd stress in plants.
Soil cadmium (Cd) contamination threatens plant growth and agricultural productivity. Hibiscus syriacus L., valued for its ornamental, edible, and medicinal properties, is widely cultivated in Cd-contaminated areas of southern China.This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of nano-zinc oxide (nZnO) in alleviating Cd toxicity in H. syriacu s, examining plant phenotypes, physiological and biochemical responses, root ultrastructure, and the accumulation and distribution of Cd and Zn within the soil- H. syriacus system. Pot experiments included Cd treatment (100 mg/kg) and combined soil or foliar applications of nZnO (50 and 100 mg/L), with plants harvested after 45 days. Compared to Cd treatment alone, the combined application of nZnO significantly increased biomass in roots, stems, and leaves, improved photosynthetic performance, osmotic regulation, and antioxidant levels, and mitigated root cell damage; Cd concentrated mainly in roots, and nZnO reduced root Cd levels by 0.24 %–9.06 %. SEM-EDS observations revealed that Cd predominantly accumulated in the root epidermis and cortex, with Cd stress leading to increased levels and localized aggregation of Cd in the xylem. By contrast, nZnO treatment alleviated this disruption. Leaf application of 50 mg/L nZnO showed the best results. These findings highlight nZnO as a promising nano fertilizer for alleviating Cd stress in plants.
作者机构：
[Zhang, Yali; Wei, Baojing; Chen, Cunyou; Wang, Yezi; Hu, Xijun] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Landscape Architecture, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Yali; Wei, Baojing; Chen, Cunyou; Wang, Yezi; Hu, Xijun] Hunan Big Data Engn Res Ctr Nat Protected Areas La, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Yali; Wei, Baojing; Chen, Cunyou; Wang, Yezi; Hu, Xijun] Inst Urban & Rural Landscape Ecol, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Yali; Wei, Baojing; Chen, Cunyou; Wang, Yezi; Hu, Xijun] Yuelushan Lab Carbon Sinks Forests Variety Innovat, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Zhao] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Sch Life & Environm Sci, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Hu, XJ ] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Landscape Architecture, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;Hunan Big Data Engn Res Ctr Nat Protected Areas La, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;Inst Urban & Rural Landscape Ecol, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;Yuelushan Lab Carbon Sinks Forests Variety Innovat, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.
关键词：
ecosystem service;ecosystem service bundle;trade-off and synergy;southern hilly mountain belt;driving factors
摘要：
Hilly mountainous regions are ecologically complex, featuring diverse environmental ecosystem services (ESs) and intricate interactions. However, the variability, drivers, and management of these ESs remain poorly understood, particularly in regions with significant topographical and climatic heterogeneity. This study focuses on the southern hilly mountain belt of China, examining five key ecosystem services: food production (FP), carbon storage (CS), water yield (WY), habitat quality (HQ), and soil conservation (SC). This study examines these ESs across long-term, pixel, and regional scales, exploring the interactive relationships and identifying the driving factors and cluster characteristics. The results indicate the following: (1) Over the past 23 years, although food production and carbon storage have increased, habitat quality has declined. (2) From a spatial perspective, the differences in trade-offs and synergies across the years are relatively small. However, significant differences are observed when considering continuous temporal change, and trade-off relationships are generally prevalent. Additionally, the distribution of trade-offs and synergies is also influenced by a combination of factors. (3) Climatic, vegetation, topographical, and socioeconomic factors are key factors influencing the distribution and changes in ESs. For instance, climate-vegetation interactions enhance carbon storage and soil conservation. Socioeconomic factors, though less impactful, optimize ESs through land management and policy. (4) We found that the ecological priority region covers the largest area, followed by the hilly agricultural development zone, the mountainous agricultural and forestry development zone, and the integrated ecological security zone. These findings deepen our understanding of ESs in hilly mountainous regions, providing actionable insights for enhancing conservation and sustainable management in complex landscapes.
作者机构：
[Luo, Duangao; Song, Rui; Jin, Hongzhou; Song, R] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Logist Coll, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;[Xue, Xingjian] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Landscape & Architecture, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Song, R ] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Logist Coll, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.
关键词：
electric scooter supply chain;differential game;government subsidy;cost-sharing contract;sustainable transportation mode
摘要：
As a sustainable mode of transportation, the electric scooter offers residents a low-carbon, convenient, and fast travel option. However, its battery quality problem also brings safety risks that cannot be ignored. We construct eight different differential game models to investigate quality improvement strategies by battery makers and electric scooter manufacturers at the design and manufacturing stages. Our results show that the government subsidy is a better incentive for manufacturers to invest more in quality in the design and manufacturing steps than the cost-sharing contract. This leads to improvements in the product quality of electric scooters. The indicators of the discrete decision-making model without government subsidies and cost-sharing contracts are relatively low. Second, the quality of the electric scooter is affected by several key factors, including time, quality decay coefficient, and income distribution coefficient. Specifically, the quality of electric scooter products exhibits a positive correlation with time but gradually declines as the quality decay coefficient increases. Third, through specific numerical analyses, we further find that the income distribution coefficient affects the manufacturer’s product quality inputs in the design and manufacturing process, the optimal revenues of upstream and downstream manufacturers, the cost-sharing ratio, and the government subsidy rate to varying degrees.
期刊：
Global Ecology and Conservation,2025年57:e03382 ISSN：2351-9894
通讯作者：
Wen, YF;Zhang, DL
作者机构：
[Xu, Liang; Wen, Yafeng; Yan, Yadan; Wang, Chuncheng; Zhao, Yanghui] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Landscape Architecture, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Ying] Guizhou Normal Univ, Sch Karst Sci, Guiyang 550001, Guizhou, Peoples R China.;[Xu, Liang] Zhejiang Acad Foresty, Hangzhou 310023, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Donglin; Zhang, DL] Univ Georgia, Dept Hort, Athens, GA 30602 USA.;[Yan, Yadan; Wang, Chuncheng; Zhao, Yanghui; Wen, Yafeng] Hunan Big Data Engn Technol Res Ctr Nat Protected, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Wen, YF ] C;[Zhang, DL ] U;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Landscape Architecture, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Univ Georgia, Dept Hort, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
关键词：
Ecological niche;Rhododendron;Leaf traits;Sympatric distribution
摘要：
Species sharing an environment face similar selective pressures, often evolving adaptive divergence traits to reduce competition. Quantifying ecological niche and phenotypic traits among sympatric species is crucial for understanding ecologically moderated biodiversity. We integrate ecological and phenotypic datasets to investigate the extent to which three sympatric alpine Rhododendron species in the mountainous southwest of China (parents: Rhododendron delavayi and R. irroratum ; natural hybrid: R. agastum ) differed in their adaptations to co-exist in a shared environment. We utilized principal component analysis, one-way analysis of variance, and niche-identity tests to summarize and compare environmental and phenotypic divergence. Leaf phenotypic traits related to structure, morphology, biomass, and physiology were analyzed, as they were key indicators of niche and phenotypic differences, crucial for the co-existence of sympatric Rhododendron species. We employed nested linear models, and phenotypic differentiation coefficients to assess inter- and intraspecific phenotypic variation. Pearson's correlation analysis and Mantel tests identified key environmental factors influencing leaf phenotypic variation. The results indicate that the three Rhododendron species exhibit different preferences for environmental factors such as annual mean temperature, temperature seasonality, annual precipitation, water vapor pressure, and soil organic matter. These distinct ecological preferences may represent specific ecological adaptations that facilitate their coexistence in sympatry. Leaf area, leaf length, leaf thickness, and leaf tissue density emerged as key indicators for distinguishing the leaf phenotypes of the three Rhododendron species. Elevation, temperature, and precipitation-related factors are significantly correlated with leaf phenotypic variation. The observed ecological niche and phenotypic differences observed likely resulted either causal effects or indirect consequences of ecologically mediated changes. Our study offered novel insights into the mechanisms underlying evolutionary versatility and ecological success among sympatric species.
Species sharing an environment face similar selective pressures, often evolving adaptive divergence traits to reduce competition. Quantifying ecological niche and phenotypic traits among sympatric species is crucial for understanding ecologically moderated biodiversity. We integrate ecological and phenotypic datasets to investigate the extent to which three sympatric alpine Rhododendron species in the mountainous southwest of China (parents: Rhododendron delavayi and R. irroratum ; natural hybrid: R. agastum ) differed in their adaptations to co-exist in a shared environment. We utilized principal component analysis, one-way analysis of variance, and niche-identity tests to summarize and compare environmental and phenotypic divergence. Leaf phenotypic traits related to structure, morphology, biomass, and physiology were analyzed, as they were key indicators of niche and phenotypic differences, crucial for the co-existence of sympatric Rhododendron species. We employed nested linear models, and phenotypic differentiation coefficients to assess inter- and intraspecific phenotypic variation. Pearson's correlation analysis and Mantel tests identified key environmental factors influencing leaf phenotypic variation. The results indicate that the three Rhododendron species exhibit different preferences for environmental factors such as annual mean temperature, temperature seasonality, annual precipitation, water vapor pressure, and soil organic matter. These distinct ecological preferences may represent specific ecological adaptations that facilitate their coexistence in sympatry. Leaf area, leaf length, leaf thickness, and leaf tissue density emerged as key indicators for distinguishing the leaf phenotypes of the three Rhododendron species. Elevation, temperature, and precipitation-related factors are significantly correlated with leaf phenotypic variation. The observed ecological niche and phenotypic differences observed likely resulted either causal effects or indirect consequences of ecologically mediated changes. Our study offered novel insights into the mechanisms underlying evolutionary versatility and ecological success among sympatric species.
期刊：
Environmental and Experimental Botany,2024年225:105832 ISSN：0098-8472
通讯作者：
Xing, W;Li, ZQ
作者机构：
[Ding, Minghai; Yu, Qiuxiu; Jin, Xi; Xing, Wen; Sun, Jiahui] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Landscape & Architecture, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;[Li, Zeqing] Hubei Univ Sci & Technol, Natl Forestry & Grassland Adm Engn Res Ctr Osmanth, Xianning 437100, Peoples R China.;[Ding, Minghai; Yu, Qiuxiu; Jin, Xi; Xing, Wen; Sun, Jiahui] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Hunan Big Data Engn Technol Res Ctr Nat Protected, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;[Ding, Minghai; Yu, Qiuxiu; Jin, Xi; Xing, Wen; Sun, Jiahui] Carbon Sinks Forests Variety Innovat Ctr, Yuelushan Lab, Changsha, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Li, ZQ ] H;[Xing, W ] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Landscape & Architecture, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;Hubei Univ Sci & Technol, Natl Forestry & Grassland Adm Engn Res Ctr Osmanth, Xianning 437100, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Rosa rugosa;RcHsf17;Thermotolerance;Cell wall biosynthesis;Photosynthesis;ROS
摘要：
Rosa rugosa, a species of notable economic importance, faces cultivation challenges attributed to its vulnerability to thermal stress. In this study, we report the molecular cloning and functional characterization of RcHsf17, a heat shock transcription factor (Hsf) from group B2, derived from the stress-resilient cultivar of Chinese rose, R. chinensis 'Slater's Crimson China'. RcHsf17, which localizes to the nucleus, is responsive to heat stress and various stress-related stimuli, such as abscisic acid (ABA), jasmonic acid (JA), salicylic acid (SA), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The overexpression of RcHsf17 in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana and R. rugosa significantly enhanced their thermotolerance. In R. rugosa, overexpression of RcHsf17 led to cell wall thickening, sustained photosynthetic efficiency, and decreased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA). Transcriptome analysis revealed that RcHsf17 upregulated the expression of other Hsfs such as HsfA3 and HsfB1, small heat shock protein genes (sHSPs), and genes involved in cell wall biosynthesis under normal conditions. Under heat stress condition, there is a significant upregulation of HsfA6B, gene associated with photosynthesis, and genes responsible for encoding antioxidant enzymes. These findings collectively emphasize the pivotal role of RcHsf17 in conferring thermotolerance to R. rugosa, through mechanisms that include strengthening cell wall integrity, alleviating heat-induced photosynthetic decline, and enhancing the efficiency of ROS detoxification pathways.
