作者机构：
[She, Jiyun; Mao, Shuzhen; Zhang, Yi] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Forestry, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[She, JY ] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Forestry, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.
关键词：
land use change;eco-environmental quality;remote sensing ecological index;Chang-Zhu-Tan core area
摘要：
In the past 20 years, the integration process of the Chang-Zhu-Tan region has been accelerating, and land use has undergone significant changes. Land use change is a fundamental factor causing changes in the quality of the ecological environment. It is crucial to analyze land use change in the context of rapid urbanization and its impact on the ecological environment to promote sustainable and high-quality regional development. This study takes the Chang-Zhu-Tan core area, which has the highest development and construction intensity, as the study area. Based on the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform, the land use information is extracted using Landsat remote sensing image data and the random forest method. The remote sensing ecological index (RSEI) is constructed to analyze the ecological and environmental effects of land use change based on the spatial and temporal changes of land use types and ecological and environmental quality in the Chang-Zhu-Tan core area from 2000 to 2020. The results show that the most critical land use change in the study area from 2000 to 2020 is mainly the sharp increase in construction land, accompanied by a continuous decrease in forest and cropland. During this period, the eco-environmental quality of the study area showed a declining trend, with significant differences in spatial distribution, generally showing a distribution pattern of suburban counties outperforming central urban areas. In addition, the distribution and changes in land use and ecological environment quality coincide spatially. Different land use types have different impacts on ecological environment quality, with the conversion of forest and cropland to construction land being the main reason for the deterioration of eco-environmental quality in the study area. This study provides a basis for the coordinated development of the ecological environment and social economy in the Chang-Zhu-Tan area.
作者机构：
[Xu, Liangliang; Ma, Kaisen; Jiang, Fugen; Yi, Jing; Sun, Hua] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Res Ctr Forestry Remote Sensing & Informat Engn, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;[Xu, Liangliang; Ma, Kaisen; Jiang, Fugen; Yi, Jing; Sun, Hua] Key Lab Forestry Remote Sensing Based Big Data & E, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;[Xu, Liangliang; Ma, Kaisen; Jiang, Fugen; Yi, Jing; Sun, Hua] Key Lab Natl Forestry & Grassland Adm Forest Resou, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;[Li, Chaokui] Hunan Univ Sci & Technol, Natl Local Joint Engn Lab Geo Spatial Informat Tec, Xiangtan 411100, Peoples R China.;[Huang, Heqin] Hunan Software Vocat & Tech Univ, Architectural Engn Inst, Xiangtan 411100, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Hua Sun] R;Research Center of Forestry Remote Sensing & Information Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China<&wdkj&>Key Laboratory of National Forestry & Grassland Administration on Forest Resources Management and Monitoring in Southern Area, Changsha 410004, China<&wdkj&>Key Laboratory of Forestry Remote Sensing Based Big Data & Ecological Security for Hunan Province, Changsha 410004, China<&wdkj&>Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
关键词：
UAV-LiDAR;forest remote sensing;normalized point cloud;individual tree detection;treetop displacement
摘要：
Normalized point clouds (NPCs) derived from unmanned aerial vehicle-light detection and ranging (UAV-LiDAR) data have been applied to extract relevant forest inventory information. However, detecting treetops from topographically normalized LiDAR points is challenging if the trees are located in steep terrain areas. In this study, a novel point cloud normalization method based on the imitated terrain (NPCIT) method was proposed to reduce the effect of vegetation point cloud normalization on crown deformation in regions with high slope gradients, and the ability of the treetop detection displacement model to quantify treetop displacements and tree height changes was improved, although the model did not consider the crown shape or angle. A forest farm in the mountainous region of south-central China was used as the study area, and the sample data showed that the detected treetop displacement increased rapidly in steep areas. With this work, we made an important contribution to theoretical analyses using the treetop detection displacement model with UAV-LiDAR NPCs at three levels: the method, model, and example levels. Our findings contribute to the development of more accurate treetop position identification and tree height parameter extraction methods involving LiDAR data.
作者机构：
[Yu, Xun-lin; Liu, Ang; Zhou, Guo-hui] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Sch Forestry, Dendrol Teaching & Res Team, 498 Shaoshan South Rd, CN-410004 Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Tu, Rong-hui] Changsha Zhongnan Forestry Invest Planning & Desig, Changsha CN-410014, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Yu, XL ] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Sch Forestry, Dendrol Teaching & Res Team, 498 Shaoshan South Rd, CN-410004 Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
flora of Hunan;IUCN;new species;Oreocharis;taxonomy
摘要：
Oreocharis chenzhouensis, a new species, is described and illustrated from southern Hunan, China. The new species resembles O. burtii and O. sinohenryi in leaf blade shape and indumentum of the plants, but readily differs from the latter two in its leaf blade with a cuneate and usually asymmetric base, abaxially glabrous corolla tube, narrowly triangular calyx lobes, and one or no staminode. Following the IUCN Red List Criteria, O. chenzhouensis is assessed as "Vulnerable".
摘要：
【目的】摸清湖南省兰科植物资源情况，为野外兰科植物保护工作提供基础资料。【方法】采用野外调查和标本鉴定方法进行研究。【结果】报道了湖南省6种兰科植物新记录，分别为江口盆距兰(Gastrochilus nanus Z. H. Tsi)、褐花羊耳蒜(Liparis brunnea Ormerod)、吉氏羊耳蒜(Liparis tsii H.Z. Tian&A.Q. Hu)、南岭齿唇兰[Odontochilusnanlingensis(L. P. Siu&K. Y. Lang)ormerod]、中越带唇兰(Tainia acuminata Aver.)、南川对叶兰[Neottia nanchuanica(S. C. Chen)Szlach]。凭证标本存放于中南林业科技大学标本馆(CSFI)和湖南师范大学标本馆(HNNU)。【结论】更新湖南省兰科植物，共69属192种。
摘要：
Meliosma oldhamii Miq. is a deciduous arbor and a member of Sabiaceae. It is one of the rare and protected plants with outstanding ornamental and economic value in Jiangsu, China. In addition to the resource values indicated above, there are numerous other elements that require additional research, including the chloroplast (cp) genomic information. In this work, the complete cp genome sequence of M. oldhamii was assembled and characterized for the first time. The complete cp genome of M. oldhamii was 159,950 base pair (bp) in length, including a large single-copy (LSC) region of 87,147 bp, a small single-copy (SSC) region of 18,015 bp, and the inverted repeats (IRs) region of 27,394 bp. It contains 131 genes, including 37 tRNA genes, eight rRNA genes, 85 protein-coding genes, and one pseudogene. The overall GC content of M. oldhamii cp genome was 37.95%. The placement of M. oldhamii in the phylogenetic tree constructed using the complete cp genome is largely congruent with previous studies. The clustering of Meliosma is non-monophyletic, aligns more closely with existing morphological taxonomic studies, thereby enhancing the scholarly and scientific nature of this research.
作者机构：
[Jiang, Xiao-Long; Li, Peng-Le; Xiong, Huan; Wang, Wei; Xu, Qian-Yu; Yang, Mo-Hua; Zou, Feng-Lan] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Forestry, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;[Jiang, Xiao-Long; Li, Peng-Le; Xiong, Huan; Yang, Mo-Hua] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Natl Long Term Expt Base Forestry Midsubtrop China, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;[Duan, Hui-Liang] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Modern Educ Technol Ctr, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;[Hong, Yong-Hui] Longyan Forest Seed & Seedling Stn, Longyan 350800, Peoples R China.;[Lin, Neng-Qing] Shanghang Baisha State Owned Forest Farm, Longyan 350800, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Mo-Hua Yang] N;National Long Term Experimental Base of Forestry in Mid-Subtropics of China, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China<&wdkj&>College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China<&wdkj&>Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
关键词：
genetic resource;genotyping-by-sequencing;Pinus massonianaLamb;SNP discovery;SNP quality control
摘要：
Self-incompatibility (SI) is one of the main reasons leading to the low fruit set of Camellia oleifera and limiting the yield of Camellia oil. It is important to uncover the molecular mechanism of SI for guiding production. Accurate quantification of the expression level of SI determinants is essential, which requires qRT-PCR technology and appropriate reference genes. However, the screening of SI-related reference genes in C. oleifera has not been reported. In this study, multiple transcriptome data were innovatively integrated and candidate reference genes of SI were systematically and rapidly screened in C. oleifera. TIF3H1 was selected as the most stable gene expressed in pistillate tissues of C. oleifera under different pollination treatments based on the comprehensive evaluation using qRT-PCR and statistical algorithms of geNorm, NormFinder, BestKeeper, and RefFinder. The expression of SI-related genes of C. oleifera validated the stability of TIF3H1 as the reference gene. Using TIF3H1 as the reference gene, the expression of the potential SI determinants in compatible and incompatible pistils was accurately quantified, and the high expression of the homologous gene of pectin methylesterase (PME) in incompatible pistils suggested its positive effect on SI of C. oleifera. The identification of TIF3H1 as the reliable reference gene guarantees more accurate qRT-PCR quantification for the study of the SI of C. oleifera, laying a foundation for identifying determinants of SI and exploring its molecular mechanism.
期刊：
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE,2023年14:1328990 ISSN：1664-462X
作者机构：
United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Southern Regional Research Center, United States;Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, China;School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, China
摘要：
Camellia oleifera genome is very complex. One article reviewed the "Genomic and genetic advances of oiltea-camellia (Camellia oleifera)" (Ye et al. 2023). The report summarized the recent assembly of the reference genomes and identified putative genes related to economic traits, disease resistance and environmental stress tolerances. To explore the genetic diversity of wild C. oleifera phenotypic traits, another article reported "Characterization and comprehensive evaluation of phenotypic characters in wild Camellia oleifera germplasm for conservation and breeding" (Chen et al. 2023). They used 143 wild C. oleifera germplasm resources and identified 41 characters based on the quantization of physical and chemical descriptors and digital image analysis.The number of flower buds is a main factor affecting the crop yield. One investigation studied "Co-regulatory effects of hormone and mRNA-miRNA module on flower bud formation of Camellia oleifera" (Du et al. 2023). The results showed that GA3, ABA, tZ, JA, and SA contents in the buds were higher than those in the fruit and that differentially expressed genes were notably enriched in hormone signal transduction and the circadian system.Camellia oleifera oil quality is mainly determined by linoleic acid (LA) and α-linolenic acid (ALA) content. One study reported "Enhancing the accumulation of linoleic acid and αlinolenic acid through the pre-harvest ethylene treatment in Camellia oleifera" (Li et al. 2023a). The study confirms ...
摘要：
Litsea cubeba, an economical important tree species originally from China, produces fruit from which essential oils are extracted and extensively used in the chemical industry (Zhang et al. 2020). In August 2021, a large-scale outbreak of black patch disease was first observed on the leaves of Litsea cubeba in Huaihua (27°33'N; 109°57'E), Hunan province, China (disease incidence 78%). A second outbreak in 2022, in the same area, lasted from June to August. Symptoms consisted of irregular lesions that initially appeared as small black patches near the lateral veins. These lesions grew along the lateral veins and formed feathery patches until almost the entire lateral veins of the leaves were infected by the pathogen. The infected plants grew poorly and eventually the leaves desiccated and the tree defoliated. To identify the causal agent, the pathogen was isolated from nine symptomatic leaves from three trees. Symptomatic leaves were washed with distilled water three times. Leaves were cut into small pieces (11 cm), surface sterilized with 75% ethanol for 10s and 0.1% HgCl2 for 3 min, and then washed 3 times in sterile distilled water. Surface disinfected leaf pieces were placed onto potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium with cephalothin (0.2 mg/ml) and incubated at 28°C for 4-8 days (about 16h light, 8h dark). Seven morphologically identical isolates were obtained, from which five were selected for further morphological examination and three for molecular identification and pathogenicity test. Strains from grayish white colonies with a granular surface and grayish black wavy edges; bottom of the colonies turned black over time. Conidia were hyaline and nearly elliptical, unicellular. The sizes of conidia ranged from 8.59 to 15.06 μm (n=50) in length and 3.57 to 6.36 μm (n=50) in width. These morphological characteristics are consistent with the description of Phyllosticta capitalensis (Guarnaccia et al. 2017, Wikee et al. 2013). To further confirm the identity of this pathogen, genomic DNA of three isolates (phy1, phy2 and phy3) were extracted to amplify the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, the 18S rDNA region, the transcription elongation factor (TEF), and actin (ACT) gene with ITS1/ITS4 (Cheng et al. 2019), NS1/NS8 (Zhan et al. 2014), EF1-728F/EF1-986R (Druzhinina et al. 2005) and ACT-512F/ACT-783R (Wikee et al. 2013) primers, respectively. Sequence similarity indicated that these isolates were highly homologous to Phyllosticta capitalensis. The ITS (Genbank No. OP863032, ON714650 and OP863033), 18S rDNA (Genbank No. OP863038, ON778575 and OP863039), TEF (Genbank No. OP905580, OP905581 and OP905582) and ACT (Genbank No. OP897308, OP897309 and OP897310) sequences of isolates Phy1, Phy2 and Phy3 shared up to 99%, 99%, 100% and 100% similarities with their counterparts (Genbank No. OP163688, MH051003, ON246258 and KY855652) in Phyllosticta capitalensis, respectively. To further confirm their identity, a neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree was generated using MEGA7. Based on morphological characteristics and sequence analysis, the three strains were identified as P. capitalensis. To fulfill Koch's postulates, conidial suspension (1×105 conidia per mL) collected from three isolates were independently inoculated on artificially wounded detached leaves and leaves on trees of Litsea cubeba. Leaves were inoculated with sterile distilled water as negative controls. The experiment was repeated three times. All pathogen-inoculated wounds exhibited necrotic lesions within 5 days on detached leaves and 10 days on the leaves growing on trees after inoculation, whereas no symptoms were observed on the controls. The pathogen was exclusively re-isolated from the infected leaves and showed identical morphological characteristics to those of the original pathogens. P. capitalensis is a destructive plant pathogen that has been shown to cause leaf spots or black patch symptoms on variety of host plants around the world (Wikee et al. 2013), including oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.), tea plant (Camellia sinensis), Rubus chingii and castor (Ricinus communis L.). To our knowledge, this is the first report of black patch disease of Litsea cubeba caused by P. capitalensis in China. This disease causes severe leaf abscission in fruit development stage of Litsea cubeba and leads to a large amount of fruit drop.
摘要：
Castanea mollissima is an important monoecious fruit crop with high economic and ecological value in China. However, its yield is restricted by an imbalanced ratio of male and female flowers for chestnut production. To address this issue, we examined the morphology of bisexual flower organs, measured the levels of endogenous hormones in the flowers, profiled gene expression related to plant hormone biosynthesis and signaling pathways and transcription factors, and investigated the effects of exogenous jasmonic acid (JA) and zeatin (ZT) hormone application on flower development in C. mollissima ‘Tanqiao’. Morphological studies indicated that the development of male and female flowers can be divided into nine and eight stages, respectively. Male flowers contained higher levels of gibberellic acid (GA3) and abscisic acid (ABA) than female flowers, whereas female flowers had higher levels of JA and ZT. The analysis of the Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathways revealed that the major significant enrichment pathways of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) consisted of plant hormone signal transduction and zeatin biosynthesis. Through time-series analyses, we screened 3 genes related to jasmonic acid biosynthesis and signal transduction and 21 genes related to zeatin biosynthesis and transduction. Among these genes, only the gene family LOG, related to zeatin biosynthesis, was highly expressed in female flowers. This result indicated that LOG may be the core gene hormone family involved in regulating female flower development. However, a weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) suggested that IDD7 was the core gene involved in regulating female flower development. The results of exogenous hormone application indicated that zeatin could greatly increase the quantity of fertile female flowers, but JA was not significant. These findings demonstrated that zeatin and transcription factors were crucial regulators in the formation of female flowers in C. mollissima.
摘要：
Karst ecosystems are characterized by the dissolution of soluble rocks, displaying distinctive landscape features such as rugged peaks, steep slopes, and deep valleys. Afforestation is an effective approach for improving soil quality in rocky desertification areas because plants have evolved unique adaptations to thrive in such environments. However, the effects of tree species composition and cultivation patterns on the soil quality, microbial diversity, stability, and functions in rocky desertification areas remain unclear. In this work, four study plots including three types of forests—pure Pinus massoniana plantations, Toona sinensis plantations, mixed coniferous and broadleaf plantations (Pinus massoniana–Betula luminifera forests), and unforested area as the control—were established in a karst desertification area in the Hunan province of China. Soil properties including soil bulk density, soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, total phosphate, soil ammonium nitrogen, nitrate, available phosphate, soil pH, and soil microbial diversity were investigated in the study area. The results showed that the forests significantly increased the soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, and ammonium nitrogen compared to the unforested area. The microbial diversity indicators in mixed forests were significantly higher than those in the Pinus massoniana forests. The dominant bacteria phyla included Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, and Actinobacteria, while fungi species such as Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were identified in all study plots. In addition, the AVD index evaluation revealed that the mixed forests enhanced the stability of the soil microbial communities compared to the monoculture plantations and unforested plots in rocky desertification areas. The research results indicated that, among the various forest types, the mixed forest was the most effective choice for afforestation in terms of improving the soil quality by changing the soil’s physiological properties in rocky desertification areas. Our study provided guidance and insights for afforestation technology and the optimal allocation of different tree species in the cultivation and management of plantation forests in rocky desertification regions.
