作者机构:
[Li, Ning; Tang, Yangcan; Chen, Kebin; Jiang, Dong; Yang, Guoqun] Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China;[Jiang, Dong] Key Laboratory of Forest Bio-resources and Integrated Pest Management for Higher Education in Hunan Province, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China. Electronic address: jd@csuft.edu.cn;[Yang, Guoqun] Key Laboratory of Forest Bio-resources and Integrated Pest Management for Higher Education in Hunan Province, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China. Electronic address: gqun@csuft.edu.cn;[Huang, Li-Jun] Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China. Electronic address: nghua@126.com;[Chen, Kebin] Key Laboratory of Forest Bio-resources and Integrated Pest Management for Higher Education in Hunan Province, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China. Electronic address: ckb@csuft.edu.cn
通讯机构:
[Tang, Yangcan; Huang, Li-Jun; Pi, Xin; Yang, Runke; Jiang, Dong; Chen, Kebin; Peng, Xia; Yang, Guoqun; Li, Ning; Cui, Chuantong] K;Key Laboratory of Forest Bio-resources and Integrated Pest Management for Higher Education in Hunan Province, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China. Electronic address:;Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China. Electronic address:
摘要:
Exposure to organic ultraviolet (UV) filters has raised concerns due to their potential adverse effects on environments. However, their toxic mechanisms on plants remain elusive. In this study, using integrative physiological and transcriptomic approaches we investigated the physiological and molecular responses to three representative UV filters, namely oxybenzone (OBZ), avobenzone (AVB), and octinoxate (OMC), in an agricultural model plant tobacco. The exposure to UV filters disrupts the functionality of photosystem reaction centers and the light-harvesting apparatus. Concurrently, UV filters exert a suppressive effect on the expression of genes encoding Rubisco and Calvin-Benson cycle enzymes, resulting in a decreased efficiency of the Calvin-Benson cycle and consequently hampering the process of photosynthesis. Exposure to UV filters leads to significant generation of reactive oxygen species within tobacco leaves and downregulation of oxidoreductase activities. Moreover, UV filters promote abscisic acid (ABA) accumulation by inducing the expression of ABA biosynthesis genes whereas repress indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) biosynthesis gene expression, which induce leaf yellowing and slow plant growth. In summary, the organic UV filters exert toxic effects on tobacco growth by inhibiting chlorophyll synthesis, photosynthesis, and the Calvin-Benson cycle, while generating excessive reactive oxygen species. This study sheds light on the toxic and tolerance mechanisms of UV filters in agricultural crops.
摘要:
Bacteria and fungi are core microorganisms in diverse ecosystems, and their cross-kingdom interactions are considered key determinants of microbiome structure and ecosystem functioning. However, how bacterial-fungal interactions mediate soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics remains largely unexplored in the context of artificial forest ecosystems.Here, we characterised soil bacterial and fungal communities in four successive planting of Eucalyptus and compared them to a neighbouring evergreen broadleaf forest. Carbon (C) mineralisation combined with five C-degrading enzymatic activities was investigated to determine the effects of successive planting of Eucalyptus on SOC dynamics.Our results indicated that successive planting of Eucalyptus significantly altered the diversity and structure of soil bacterial and fungal communities and increased the negative bacterial-fungal associations. The bacterial diversity significantly decreased in all Eucalyptus plantations compared to the evergreen forest, while the fungal diversity showed the opposite trend. The ratio of negative bacterial-fungal associations increased with successive planting of Eucalyptus due to the decrease in SOC, ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N), nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N) and available phosphorus (AP). Structural equation modelling indicated that the potential cross-kingdom competition, based on the ratio of negative bacterial-fungal correlations, was significantly negatively associated with the diversity of total bacteria and keystone bacteria, thereby increasing C-degrading enzymatic activities and C mineralisation.Synthesis and applications: Our results highlight the regulatory role of the negative bacterial-fungal association in enhancing the correlation between bacterial diversity and C mineralisation. This suggests that promoting short-term successive planting in the management of Eucalyptus plantations can mitigate the impact of this association on SOC decomposition. Taken together, our study advances the understanding of bacterial-fungal negative associations to mediate carbon mineralisation in Eucalyptus plantations, giving us a new insight into SOC cycling dynamics in artificial forests.
期刊:
Journal of Environmental Management,2024年351:119782 ISSN:0301-4797
通讯作者:
López-Sánchez, Aida;Sánchez, Isabel;Herráez, Fernando;Gülçin, Derya;Tang, Tao;Perea, Ramón;Velázquez, Javier
作者机构:
[López-Sánchez, Aida] Grupo TEMSUS. Universidad Católica de Ávila, Calle de los Canteros, s/n, 05005, Ávila, Spain. Electronic address: aida.lopez@ucavila.es;[Sánchez, Isabel] Grupo TEMSUS. Universidad Católica de Ávila, Calle de los Canteros, s/n, 05005, Ávila, Spain. Electronic address: isabel.sanchez@ucavila.es;[Herráez, Fernando] Grupo TEMSUS. Universidad Católica de Ávila, Calle de los Canteros, s/n, 05005, Ávila, Spain. Electronic address: fernando.herraez@ucavila.es;[Gülçin, Derya] Grupo TEMSUS. Universidad Católica de Ávila, Calle de los Canteros, s/n, 05005, Ávila, Spain;[Gülçin, Derya] Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Landscape Architecture, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, 09100, Turkey. Electronic address: derya.yazgi@adu.edu.tr
通讯机构:
[López-Sánchez, Aida; Sánchez, Isabel; Herráez, Fernando; Velázquez, Javier] G;[Perea, Ramón] D;[Tang, Tao; Gülçin, Derya] F;Grupo TEMSUS. Universidad Católica de Ávila, Calle de los Canteros, s/n, 05005, Ávila, Spain. Electronic address: aida.;Grupo TEMSUS. Universidad Católica de Ávila, Calle de los Canteros, s/n, 05005, Ávila, Spain. Electronic address: isabel.
摘要:
Climate change has intensified the effects of habitat fragmentation in many ecosystems, particularly exacerbated in riparian habitats. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify keystone connectivity spots to ensure long-term conservation and sustainable management of riparian systems as they play a crucial role for landscape connectivity. This paper aims to identify critical areas for connectivity under two contrasting climate change scenarios (RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 models) for the years 2030, 2050 and 2100 and to group these critical areas by similar connectivity in keystone spots for sustainable management. A set of analyses comprising climate analysis, drainage network analysis, configuration of potential riparian habitats, riparian habitat connectivity, data clustering, and statistical analysis within a Spanish river basin (NW Spain) were applied. The node and link connectivity would be reduced under the two climate change scenarios (≈2.5 % and 4.4 % reduction, respectively), intensifying riparian habitat fragmentation. Furthermore, 51 different clusters (critical areas) were obtained and classified in five classes (keystone spots) with similar connectivity across the different scenarios of climate change. Each keystone spot obtained by hierarchical classification was associated with one or more climate scenarios. One of these keystone spots was especially susceptible to the worst climate change scenario. Key riparian connectivity spots will be crucial for the management and restoration of highly threatened riparian systems and to ensure long-term biodiversity conservation.
期刊:
Journal of Environmental Management,2024年349:119580 ISSN:0301-4797
通讯作者:
Zhang, Xuyuan;Yan, Wende
作者机构:
[Wang, Hailun; Wang, Jiachen; Yan, Wende; Wang, Jun; Zhang, Xuyuan; Liu, Ting] National Engineering Laboratory for Applied Technology of Forestry & Ecology in South China, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China;[Wang, Hailun; Wang, Jiachen; Wang, Jun; Liu, Ting] Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China;[Wang, Jiachen] Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China;[Zhang, Xuyuan] College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China;[Zhang, Xuyuan] College of Landscape Architecture, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China. Electronic address: airzxy@live.com
通讯机构:
[Zhang, Xuyuan] C;[Yan, Wende] F;College of Landscape Architecture, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China. Electronic address:;Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China. Electronic address:
关键词:
Bottom-up control;Carbon flow;Enzymatic activities;Legume intercropping;Nitrogen fertilization;Soil nematode food web
摘要:
Excessive nitrogen (N) loading poses a substantial risk to soil biodiversity and disrupts carbon (C) flows within the soil food web. Intercropping with legumes is often considered a sustainable way to maintain soil N availability and mitigate the associated detrimental effects. However, it remains unclear whether and how legume crops restore energetic attenuation caused by N loading within the soil food web. Here, we conducted a two-year field experiment using randomized block design in a subtropic Camellia oleifera plantation with high wet N deposition. We examined the effects of applying N fertilizers at normal or half levels (168 or 84kgN ha(-1)yr(-1)) and intercropping legumes (Arachis hypogaea or Cassia tora) on the soil nematode food web. We observed that N fertilization suppressed the majority of nematode trophic groups, weakened the stability of food web structure, and diminished the C flows across the bacterial and fungal energy channels. Conversely, intercropping with legumes (particularly with C. tora) bolstered the densities of bacterivore and fungivore nematodes. This enhancement facilitated interactions within the soil micro-food web, and subsequently augmented the C flows within their respective channels. Model predictions suggested that the detrimental effects of N fertilizers on the nematode food web are primarily linked to decreased soil pH resulting from soil N accumulation. Notably, higher soil organic C was found to mitigate these effects. Furthermore, N-enriched legume substrates played a beneficial role in stimulating soil microbial activities and facilitating C flows through bottom-up control. Our findings emphasize the positive impacts of legume crops on mitigating soil biodiversity loss and restoring energetic attenuation within soil food web under N-saturated soil conditions. These findings provide valuable insights for agroforestry management practices aimed at sustaining soil health and ecosystem resilience.
通讯机构:
[Zang, Z ] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Res Ctr Forestry Remote Sensing & Informat Engn, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;Key Lab Natl Forestry & Grassland Adm Forest Resou, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.
关键词:
Semantic change detection;Semantic segmentation;Dongting Lake wetland;Bi-SRUNet plus plus
摘要:
The utility of semantic change detection in myriad change scenarios has garnered considerable attention in contemporary research; however, its applicability in monitoring alterations in wetland ecosystems remains incompletely elucidated. To surmount the constraints associated with binary change detection methodologies—chiefly their insufficiency in the extraction of bi-temporal attributes—we introduced the Bi-Temporal Semantic Reasoning UNet++ (Bi-SRUNet++) algorithm. This algorithm leverages the architectural strengths of UNet++ as its foundational network to precisely delineate features pertinent to multi-class change detection. As a preliminary step, the study focused on the Dongting Lake wetland in China and conducted an analysis of feature trends predicated upon the monthly Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), as derived from Landsat 8 data spanning 2021–2022. Subsequently, the optimal temporal phases for change detection were ascertained through differential analyses between NDWI and NDVI metrics. Implementing the Bi-SRUNet++ algorithm on a pair of Sentinel-2 images, captured during the optimal phases, yielded augmented change information. Comparative evaluations reveal that the Bi-SRUNet++ algorithm, conceptualized on the framework of Bi-Temporal Semantic Reasoning Network (Bi-SRNet), surpasses the performance indices of its counterpart Semantic Segmentation and Change Detection Late Fusion (SSCD-l). Furthermore, the incorporation of the UNet++ backbone network amplifies the algorithm's capacity for semantic feature extraction, thereby enhancing the efficacy of Bi-SRUNet++ in wetland change detection. The analysis divulges that the total altered area of Dongting Lake during the 2021–2022 period amounts to 1187.97 km2, comprising a water loss of 1186.16 km2, a 715.34 km2 transformation into vegetation, and a conversion of 469.96 km2 into mudflats. The codes and partial dataset in this paper are available at: https://github.com/vivianmiumiu/Bi-SRUNetplusplus-for-SCD .
作者:
Zhaojun Chen;Meng Zhang;Huaiqing Zhang;Yang Liu
期刊:
IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,2023年:1-1 ISSN:0196-2892
作者机构:
[Huaiqing Zhang; Yang Liu] Research Institute of Forest Resources Information Techniques, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China;[Zhaojun Chen; Meng Zhang] College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
关键词:
Hainan island;mangrove;red-edge mangrove index (REMI);Sentinel-2;vegetation index
摘要:
Mangrove forests are among the most productive of coastal ecosystems, providing a variety of ecological functions and economic value to coastal areas around the world. Accurate identification of mangrove is of great importance for the restoration and conservation of mangrove ecosystems, and for promoting the development of a blue carbon economy and achieving carbon neutral strategies. In this study, a red-edge mangrove index (REMI) was proposed based on Sentinel-2 multispectral images, using red, green, red edge, and SWIR1 bands in the form of a (red edge-red)/(SWIR1-green) combination to highlight the unique green and moisture information of mangrove. Then, the REMI index was combined with the Otsu threshold segmentation algorithm (Otsu) to map the mangrove information in respect of Hainan Island, which has the most abundant mangrove species in China. The results indicate that, when compared with other vegetation indices, such as the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), enhanced vegetation index (EVI), mangrove index (MI), normalized difference mangrove index (NDMI), combined mangrove recognition index (CMRI), and mangrove vegetation index (MVI), the REMI showed greater proficiency in distinguishing mangrove from other vegetation. When the REMI was applied to mangrove mapping in Hainan Island, the overall accuracy and kappa coefficient were 95.68% and 0.92, respectively. In addition, the mangrove distribution ranges mapped in this study were compared with existing mangrove products (HGMF_2020 and China National Standard GB/T 7714-2015 (note)), and it was demonstrated that the mangrove distribution ranges identified based on the REMI had high coincidence with the above-mentioned mangrove products. This proves that the REMI has good potential for application in mangrove identification and mapping.
摘要:
Castanea mollissima is an important monoecious fruit crop with high economic and ecological value in China. However, its yield is restricted by an imbalanced ratio of male and female flowers for chestnut production. To address this issue, we examined the morphology of bisexual flower organs, measured the levels of endogenous hormones in the flowers, profiled gene expression related to plant hormone biosynthesis and signaling pathways and transcription factors, and investigated the effects of exogenous jasmonic acid (JA) and zeatin (ZT) hormone application on flower development in C. mollissima ‘Tanqiao’. Morphological studies indicated that the development of male and female flowers can be divided into nine and eight stages, respectively. Male flowers contained higher levels of gibberellic acid (GA3) and abscisic acid (ABA) than female flowers, whereas female flowers had higher levels of JA and ZT. The analysis of the Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathways revealed that the major significant enrichment pathways of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) consisted of plant hormone signal transduction and zeatin biosynthesis. Through time-series analyses, we screened 3 genes related to jasmonic acid biosynthesis and signal transduction and 21 genes related to zeatin biosynthesis and transduction. Among these genes, only the gene family LOG, related to zeatin biosynthesis, was highly expressed in female flowers. This result indicated that LOG may be the core gene hormone family involved in regulating female flower development. However, a weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) suggested that IDD7 was the core gene involved in regulating female flower development. The results of exogenous hormone application indicated that zeatin could greatly increase the quantity of fertile female flowers, but JA was not significant. These findings demonstrated that zeatin and transcription factors were crucial regulators in the formation of female flowers in C. mollissima.
摘要:
Although microbial decomposition of plant litter plays a crucial role in nutrient cycling and soil fertility, we know less about likely links of specific microbial traits and decomposition, especially in relation to climate change. We study here wheat straw decomposition under ambient and manipulated conditions simulating a future climate scenario (next 80 years) in agroecosystems, including decay rates, macronutrient dynamics, enzyme activity, and microbial communities. We show that future climate will accelerate straw decay rates only during the early phase of the decomposition process. Additionally, the projected climate change will increase the relative abundance of saprotrophic fungi in decomposing wheat straw. Moreover, the impact of future climate on microbial community assembly and molecular ecological networks of both bacteria and fungi will strongly depend on the decomposition phase. During the early phase of straw decomposition, stochastic processes dominated microbial assembly under ambient climate conditions, whereas deterministic processes highly dominated bacterial and fungal communities under simulated future climate conditions. In the later decomposition phase, similar assembly processes shaped the microbial communities under both climate scenarios. Furthermore, over the early phases of decomposition, simulated future climate enhanced the complexity of microbial interaction networks. We concluded that the impact of future climate on straw decay rate and associated microbial traits like assembly processes and inter-community interactions is restricted to the early phase of decomposition.
作者机构:
[Wu, Wenjie] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Forestry, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Li, Cheng; Chen, Guangjie; Feng, Hao; Wu, Wenjie; Feng, H] Northwest A&F Univ, Inst Water Saving Agr Arid Areas China, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China.;[Feng, Hao; Feng, H; Meng, Tingfang] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Soil & Water Conservat, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China.;[Feng, Hao; Feng, H; Meng, Tingfang] Minist Water Resources, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China.;[Si, Bingcheng] Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Soil Sci, Saskatoon, SK S7N5A8, Canada.
通讯机构:
[Feng, H ] N;[Si, BC ] U;Northwest A&F Univ, Inst Water Saving Agr Arid Areas China, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China.;Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Soil & Water Conservat, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China.;Minist Water Resources, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China.
关键词:
Soil water content;Root distribution;Soil organic carbon;Soil physical property;Aggregate stability
摘要:
Anthracnose is a common disease found in Camellia oleifera producing areas across China, whose primary pathogen is Colletotrichum fructicola. We previously revealed that autophagy is essential for the pathogenicity of C. fructicola. However, the function of ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), which is a parallel protein degradation pathway to autophagy, remains elusive. Here, we report that CfRad6, an E2 conjugating enzyme in UPS, interacts with three putative E3 ubiquitin ligases, namely CfRad18, CfUbr1, and CfBre1. Importantly, we presented evidence showing that CfRad6 negatively regulates autophagy, revealing the first link between UPS and autophagy in pathogenic fungi. Targeted gene deletion showed that CfRad6 is involved in growth and conidiation. We further found that the Delta Cfrad6 mutant is defective in appressoria formation and responses to environmental stresses. These combined effects, along with the abnormal autophagy level, lead to the pathogenicity defects of the Delta Cfrad6 mutant. Taken together, our study indicates the pleiotropic functions of CfRad6 in the development and pathogenicity of C. fructicola.
摘要:
【目的】氮沉降是影响森林凋落物分解的因素之一,为探究氮添加对杉木-闽楠混交林凋落叶分解过程的影响,采用尼龙网袋法对永州荆竹林场杉木闽楠混交林中杉木和闽楠凋落叶分别进行原位分解试验。【方法】研究不同的氮添加浓度[N0:0 g N/(m~2·a);N1:7 g N/(m~2·a);N2:14 g N/(m~2·a);N3:28 g N/(m~2·a);N4:56 g N/(m~2·a)]对杉木闽楠混交林凋落叶分解过程中基质质量的影响。【结果】(1)经过1年的分解,两树种的质量损失均随着氮添加浓度上升而呈减少的趋势,氮添加对杉木和闽楠凋落叶的分解均有显著的抑制作用,并随着氮浓度的增加,抑制作用越明显。氮添加处理使得杉木凋落叶质量损失95%的时间,在4.88年的基础上增加了0.83~1.72年,闽楠凋落叶质量损失95%的时间,在5.08年的基础上增加了0.20~1.45年。(2)杉木和闽楠凋落叶中木质素和纤维素含量较高,占凋落叶质量的50%以上,N0和N1处理下杉木的凋落物质量残留率分别与纤维素和木质素呈显著正相关,N0和N2处理下闽楠的凋落物质量残留率与纤维素含量呈显著正相关,氮添加增加了杉木和闽楠凋落叶中木质素的含量,抑制了凋落物分解,不同浓度的氮添加处理对杉木和闽楠凋落叶的分解作用存在差异。(3)同一氮添加浓度下,闽楠凋落叶的质量损失和分解速率大于杉木。【结论】凋落叶质量残留率与基质质量具有显著相关性,基质质量在一定程度上会影响凋落物的分解。
摘要:
【目的】摸清湖南省兰科植物资源情况,为野外兰科植物保护工作提供基础资料。【方法】采用野外调查和标本鉴定方法进行研究。【结果】报道了湖南省6种兰科植物新记录,分别为江口盆距兰(Gastrochilus nanus Z. H. Tsi)、褐花羊耳蒜(Liparis brunnea Ormerod)、吉氏羊耳蒜(Liparis tsii H.Z. Tian&A.Q. Hu)、南岭齿唇兰[Odontochilusnanlingensis(L. P. Siu&K. Y. Lang)ormerod]、中越带唇兰(Tainia acuminata Aver.)、南川对叶兰[Neottia nanchuanica(S. C. Chen)Szlach]。凭证标本存放于中南林业科技大学标本馆(CSFI)和湖南师范大学标本馆(HNNU)。【结论】更新湖南省兰科植物,共69属192种。