作者机构：
[Lu, Mengqi; Xiao, Zhun; Lu, Kaizheng; Zeng, Yanling; Wang, Jinfeng; Zhou, Junqin; Tan, Xiaofeng; Gu, Yiyang; Zeng, YL] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Key Lab Cultivat & Protect Nonwood Forest Trees, Minist Educ, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;[Xiao, Zhun] Changsha Social Work Coll, Sch Foreign Languages, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;[Zeng, Yanling; Tan, Xiaofeng; Zeng, YL] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Forestry, Key Lab Nonwood Forest Prod State Forestry Adm, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;[Lu, Mengqi; Xiao, Zhun; Lu, Kaizheng; Zeng, Yanling; Wang, Jinfeng; Zhou, Junqin; Tan, Xiaofeng; Gu, Yiyang; Zeng, YL] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Camellia Oil Tree Res Acad, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;[Lu, Mengqi] Hunan Acad Forestry, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Tan, XF ; Zeng, YL] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Key Lab Cultivat & Protect Nonwood Forest Trees, Minist Educ, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Forestry, Key Lab Nonwood Forest Prod State Forestry Adm, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Camellia Oil Tree Res Acad, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Camellia Oleifera;Camellia lanceoleosa;Mitochondrial genome;De novo assembly;Phylogenetic analysis
摘要：
Camellia-oil trees are economically valuable, oil-rich species within the genus Camellia, family Theaceae. Among these species, C. oleifera, a member of Section Oleifera in the genus, is the most extensively cultivated in China. In this study, we assembled the mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) of two Camellia species, namely C. oleifera and C. lanceoleosa. These two species are closely related and belong to the same genus and section, with C. oleifera being hexaploid and C. lanceoleosa being diploid. The mitogenome of C. oleifera is comprised of 1,039,838 base pairs (bp), and C. lanceoleosa is comprised of 934,155bp. Both genomes exhibit a multipartite genome structure, which is supported by our PCR experiments. We conducted codon usage and RNA editing site analysis on these two mitogenomes, which showed highly consistent results. However, analysis of repetitive sequences and mitochondrial plastid sequences (MTPTs) revealed differences between the two mitogenomes. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that these two species clustered together, suggesting a close evolutionary relationship. The collinearity analysis results showed extensive genome rearrangements in the mitogenomes of Camellia species. We successfully assembled the mitogenomes of C. oleifera and C. lanceoleosa, marking a significant advancement in understanding camellia-oil tree mitogenomes. Unlike circular mitogenomes reported before, our research confirms multiple-branched configurations in these two species. This sheds light on mitogenome structural complexities and contributes to our understanding of evolutionary processes. Additionally, these results enrich Camellia genetic resources and expand our knowledge of mitogenome variation.
通讯机构：
[He, JN ] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Forestry, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.
关键词：
M. Alternifolia;Provide shade;Photosynthesis;Chlorophyll;Endogenous hormone;Paraffin section
摘要：
In light of the detrimental effects of global warming, exacerbated by the intense sunlight and high temperatures prevalent during summer in southern China, on the growth of Melaleuca alternifolia (M. alternifolia) seedlings, this study sets out to examine the impact of various shading treatments on the growth and physiological attributes of M. alternifolia seedlings, with the aim of determining the optimum shading level. The seedling phase is of paramount importance in the growth cycle and regeneration process of M. alternifolia, as both excessive and insufficient light exposure can negatively influence seedling development. Four shading regimes (CK: no shading; C1: 35-45% shading; C2: 45-50% shading; C3: 60-70% shading) were imposed on M. alternifolia seedlings, following which observations were conducted after a 35-day period. The results reveal that the different shading treatments had a significant effect on the growth and physiological indicators of the seedlings, with the moderate shading treatment (C2) proving to be the most advantageous for seedling growth. Under the C2 treatment, an increase in chlorophyll content was observed in the leaves of the seedlings, accompanied by a decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Concurrently, there was a reduction in the activities of antioxidant enzymes, namely superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT). Furthermore, the levels of abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellic acid (GA3) declined, while the concentrations of auxin (IAA), salicylic acid (SA), and cytokinin (CTK) ascended. Leaf anatomical analysis disclosed that, in comparison to the control group, the thickness of the lower epidermis and palisade tissue in the leaves of the seedlings subjected to the C2 treatment exhibited a significant reduction. Additionally, an increase in the number of spongy tissue cells was noted, along with a marked increase in total leaf thickness. Consequently, cultivating M. alternifolia seedlings under shading conditions ranging from 45 to 50% is deemed more favorable. The findings of this study offer novel insights into the adaptive responses of M. alternifolia seedlings to varying light intensities and provide theoretical guidance for the cultivation and management of M. alternifolia seedlings in the southern regions of China.
摘要：
As an excellent variety of Camphora glanduliferum, Honganzhang has high essential oil content and can be used as industrial and pharmaceutical raw materials to extract essential oil, which has high development value. In this study, fresh branches and leaves of C. glanduliferum 'Honganzhang' were used as materials. After extracting C. glanduliferum 'Honganzhang' essential oils (CGHEO) by steam distillation, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to analyze its chemical components. On this basis, the antibacterial effect of CGHEO and its potential physiological mechanism were further explored. The results showed that the main components of CGHEO were Cineole (46.57%), alpha-terpineol (9.93%), Sabinene (8.02%), beta-terpinene (6.04%), and alpha-pinene (4.49%), these compounds can be used in medicine, food and other industries. In terms of antibacterial effect, CGHEO has significant antibacterial effects on three Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Salmonella enteritidis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa), and two Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus). CGHEO can reduce Na+K+-ATPase activity and SDH activity and further interfere with the operation of the bacterial respiratory chain, thereby achieving the effect of inhibiting bacterial reproduction. Based on the main chemical components contained in C. glanduliferum 'Honganzhang' and its remarkable antibacterial effect, this study is expected to provide a theoretical basis for the wide application of C. glanduliferum 'Honganzhang' in multiple fields such as medicine, health care, food, and industry.
摘要：
Strong fecundity is an important reason why the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), has become one of the most serious pests of cruciferous vegetables worldwide. Disrupting with courtship and mating behaviors has emerged as an important strategy for insect management. The fruitless (fru) gene encodes a transcription factor that contains a BTB (Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac) and a zinc finger pair related to the C2H2 class. It plays a crucial role in regulating insect courtship behavior. In this study, the fru gene of P. xylostella (Pxfru) was cloned, revealing 7 alternative splicing forms (Pxfru-1 to Pxfru-7). Pxfru-1 to Pxfru-3 were non-sex-specific transcripts, while the remaining forms were male-specific. Subcellular localization experiments demonstrated that the transcripts encoding proteins containing BTB and zinc finger domains (Pxfru-1 to Pxfru-3) localized to the cell nucleus, whereas Pxfru-4 and Pxfru-5, which contain only one BTB domain, were localized in the nucleus and cytoplasm, respectively. Knockdown the expression of fru in male moths delayed occurrence of mating and reduced their preference to female sex pheromones. Meanwhile, suppression of fru expression in female P. xylostella decreased their attractiveness to males. The results of GC-MS and Y-tube olfaction experiments indicated that this change may be attributed to alterations in the proportion of sex pheromones. This study represents the first report of the fru gene influencing pheromone ratios in female insects, and provides a new perspective for understanding the function of fru in the courtship behavior of non-model insects.
通讯机构：
[Tang, T ] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Forestry, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;Natl Forestry & Grassland Adm Forest Resources Man, Key Lab, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Muntiacus reevesi;suitability habitat;south china tiger;MaxEnt;climate change
摘要：
Climate change and human disturbance are critical factors affecting the habitat distribution of wild animals, with implications for management strategies such as protecting migration corridors, habitat restoration, and species conservation. In the Hupingshan National Nature Reserve (NNR), Reeve's muntjac (Muntiacus reevesi) is a key prey species for the South China tiger (Panthera tigris amoyensis), which is extinct in the wild and targeted for reintroduction by the Chinese government. Thus, understanding the habitat distribution and abundance of Reeve's muntjac is essential to ensure the survival and sustainability of reintroduced tiger populations. Despite significant conservation efforts, the impacts of climate change and human disturbance on Reeve's muntjac habitat distribution in Hupingshan NNR remain unclear, though these factors could necessitate adaptive tiger management strategies due to shifts in prey abundance. In this study, we employed an optimized MaxEnt model to assess current habitat distribution and identify key environmental variables influencing the habitat distribution of Reeve's muntjac. Assuming non-climatic environmental factors will remain constant over the next century, we projected future habitat distribution under two shared socioeconomic pathways (SSP126 and SSP585) for the mid-century (2050s) and the late-century (2090s). Comparative analyses of current and projected habitat areas revealed potential impacts of climate change on this species. MaxEnt outputs classified habitat suitability into high, medium, and low levels. Results showed that climatic and human disturbance factors contributed 35.2% and 49.4% to habitat suitability, respectively. Under the SSP126 scenario, habitats with decreased suitability covered 0 km(2) in the 2050s, expanding slightly to 4.2 km(2) in the 2090s, while those with increased suitability spanned 491.1 km(2) (2050s) and 463.2 km(2) (2090s). Under the SSP585 scenario, habitats with decreased suitability covered 10.2 km(2) in the 2050s and 431.8 km(2) in the 2090s. Habitats with increased suitability were comparatively smaller under SSP585, covering 162.0 km(2) (2050s) and 1.1 km(2) (2090s). These findings suggest that while mid-century climate projections (SSP126 and SSP585) may support Reeve's muntjac's survival, habitat loss is projected by 2090s (SSP126). Thus, future climate change may lead to decreased habitat suitability and increased fragmentation, raising extinction risks for Reeves's muntjac. Mitigating these effects could involve establishing migration corridors, minimizing human disturbances, and potentially supplementing prey populations with captive-bred prey. Such measures are essential to support the South China tiger reintroduction plan and help ensure that prey availability remains sufficient for sustaining reintroduced tiger populations.
作者机构：
[Lei, Junjie; Yan, Wende] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Life & Environm Sci, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;[Lei, Junjie; Yan, Wende; Dang, Peng; Dang, P] Natl Engn Lab Appl Technol Forestry & Ecol South C, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;[He, Ting; Gao, Xiaoqian; Dang, Peng; Liu, Zongxin] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Forestry, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Dang, P ] N;Natl Engn Lab Appl Technol Forestry & Ecol South C, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Microbial necromass;Microbial community composition;Carbon sequestration;Ecological restoration;Rocky desertification ecosystems
摘要：
Microbial necromass carbon (MNC) constitutes a significant portion of soil organic carbon (SOC). However, the contribution of MNC to SOC under different plantation recovery patterns in rocky desertification ecosystems remains poorly understood. Herein, we investigated MNC, along with its associated soil carbon (C) fractions, available nutrients, and microbial community composition across five stand types and unafforested land (control) in the Wuling Mountains of subtropical China. Establishing mixed forest and Cinnamomum camphora forest significantly increased SOC stock compared to the control. The highest microbial community biomass and MNC content were observed in the Cinnamomum camphora forest, being 1.64 and 1.16 times higher than the control, respectively. Soil fungal community biomass was lower than that of bacteria across all stand types, yet fungi contributed the majority of MNC (80.1 %). The contribution of MNC to SOC in the five stand types ranged from 31.7 % to 43.6 %, which was lower than in the control. Control soils, with low input of plant-derived organic matter, exhibited higher necromass accumulation coefficients (NAC). SOC content, microbial community biomass, and MNC content decreased with soil depth, whereas NAC and the contribution of MNC to SOC showed an opposite trends. The random forest and variance partitioning analyses revealed that soil available nitrogen, SOC, and fungal and bacterial community biomass were the primary drivers of MNC accumulation ( p < 0.05), with their interactions explaining 83 % of the variance in MNC accumulation. Our findings demonstrate that afforestation enhances SOC stock in rocky desertification ecosystems, with microbial community biomass and necromass playing crucial roles in C transformation and sequestration.
Microbial necromass carbon (MNC) constitutes a significant portion of soil organic carbon (SOC). However, the contribution of MNC to SOC under different plantation recovery patterns in rocky desertification ecosystems remains poorly understood. Herein, we investigated MNC, along with its associated soil carbon (C) fractions, available nutrients, and microbial community composition across five stand types and unafforested land (control) in the Wuling Mountains of subtropical China. Establishing mixed forest and Cinnamomum camphora forest significantly increased SOC stock compared to the control. The highest microbial community biomass and MNC content were observed in the Cinnamomum camphora forest, being 1.64 and 1.16 times higher than the control, respectively. Soil fungal community biomass was lower than that of bacteria across all stand types, yet fungi contributed the majority of MNC (80.1 %). The contribution of MNC to SOC in the five stand types ranged from 31.7 % to 43.6 %, which was lower than in the control. Control soils, with low input of plant-derived organic matter, exhibited higher necromass accumulation coefficients (NAC). SOC content, microbial community biomass, and MNC content decreased with soil depth, whereas NAC and the contribution of MNC to SOC showed an opposite trends. The random forest and variance partitioning analyses revealed that soil available nitrogen, SOC, and fungal and bacterial community biomass were the primary drivers of MNC accumulation ( p < 0.05), with their interactions explaining 83 % of the variance in MNC accumulation. Our findings demonstrate that afforestation enhances SOC stock in rocky desertification ecosystems, with microbial community biomass and necromass playing crucial roles in C transformation and sequestration.
摘要：
Potassium (K) plays a pivotal role in influencing the structure and function of soil microbial communities, thereby influencing soil multifunctionality. Researches on various fertilization practices for Phoebe bournei has primarily focused on microbial communities. However, the mechanism of functional potential of microbe in mediating the influence of K on soil multifunctionality remains insufficiently elucidated. Here, the experiment included five K additions (CK, 0 g; K1, 60 g; K2, 120 g; K3, 180 g; and K4, 240 g per plant) in P. bournei young plantations via 16S rRNA sequencing and quantitative microbial element cycling (QMEC) smart chip technology to investigate the impacts of K additions on rhizosphere soil bacterial community attributes, nutrient cycling genes (carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus), and soil multifunctionality. K additions decreased bacterial diversity, while enhancing the abundance of genes involved in C degradation, including those related to labile and recalcitrant C, as well as N cycling, P cycling, and soil multifunctionality. Comparatively, K1 and K2 additions had slight effects on soil multifunctionality, bacterial communities and the abundance of C, N and P cycling genes. PLS-PM results demonstrated that K additions improve soil multifunctionality indirectly by altering bacterial community structure and network complexity, as well as the functional potential linked to N and P cycling. Additionally, soil abiotic factors are the was the core predictor for maintaining soil multifunctionality. All in all, soil properties and bacterial functional attributes together drive soil multifunctionality in response to K additions. These findings highlight that adequate K fertilizer may maintain soil multifunctionality, and regulate nutrient cycling and bacterial functions in P. bournei young plantations.
Potassium (K) plays a pivotal role in influencing the structure and function of soil microbial communities, thereby influencing soil multifunctionality. Researches on various fertilization practices for Phoebe bournei has primarily focused on microbial communities. However, the mechanism of functional potential of microbe in mediating the influence of K on soil multifunctionality remains insufficiently elucidated. Here, the experiment included five K additions (CK, 0 g; K1, 60 g; K2, 120 g; K3, 180 g; and K4, 240 g per plant) in P. bournei young plantations via 16S rRNA sequencing and quantitative microbial element cycling (QMEC) smart chip technology to investigate the impacts of K additions on rhizosphere soil bacterial community attributes, nutrient cycling genes (carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus), and soil multifunctionality. K additions decreased bacterial diversity, while enhancing the abundance of genes involved in C degradation, including those related to labile and recalcitrant C, as well as N cycling, P cycling, and soil multifunctionality. Comparatively, K1 and K2 additions had slight effects on soil multifunctionality, bacterial communities and the abundance of C, N and P cycling genes. PLS-PM results demonstrated that K additions improve soil multifunctionality indirectly by altering bacterial community structure and network complexity, as well as the functional potential linked to N and P cycling. Additionally, soil abiotic factors are the was the core predictor for maintaining soil multifunctionality. All in all, soil properties and bacterial functional attributes together drive soil multifunctionality in response to K additions. These findings highlight that adequate K fertilizer may maintain soil multifunctionality, and regulate nutrient cycling and bacterial functions in P. bournei young plantations.
摘要：
Liquid crystal monomers (LCMs), the integral components in the manufacture of digital displays, have engendered environmental concerns due to extensive utilization and intensive emission. Despite their prevalence and ecotoxicity, the LCM impacts on plant growth and agricultural yield remain inadequately understood. In this study, we investigated the specific response mechanisms of tobacco, a pivotal agricultural crop and model plant, to four representative LCMs (2OdF3B, 5CB, 4PiMeOP, 2BzoCP) through integrative molecular and physiological approaches. The findings reveal specific impacts, with 4PiMeOP exerting the most pronounced effects, followed by 2BzoCP, 5CB, and 2OdF3B. LCM exposure disrupts the photosynthetic apparatus, exacerbating reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in leaves, which in turn triggers the upregulation of antioxidative enzymes and the synthesis of antioxidant substances. Additionally, LCMs strongly stimulate the expression of genes involved in abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis and signalling pathways. The AI-assisted meta-analysis implicates ABA as a critical regulator in the tobacco response to LCMs. Notably, exogenous application of ABA alleviates LCM-induced toxicities, highlighting the pivotal role of ABA in stress amelioration. Our study provides novel insights into the toxicity and tolerance mechanisms of LCMs in plants, shedding light on both their harmful effects on the ecosystems and potential adaptation responses. This is crucial to develop sustainable agricultural systems by reducing the negative environmental impacts caused by emerging organic pollutants.
作者机构：
[Chen, Xiang-Bi; Xu, Yi-Jun; Wang, Jun; Nie, San-An] College of Resources, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;[Qiao, Hang; Chen, Xiang-Bi; Liu, Wan-Qing; Zhang, Xiao-Fang; Xu, Yi-Jun; Hu, Ya-Jun; Duan, Xun; Wang, Jun; Xie, Ling; Ma, Chong] Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China;[Xie, Ling] College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China;[Liu, Wan-Qing] College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550005, China;[Qiao, Hang; Duan, Xun; Ma, Chong] University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
关键词：
active organic carbon;carbon pool management index （CMI）;climatic zone;farmland soil;land use type;permanganate oxidizable carbon （POXC）
摘要：
Climate and land use are important factors affecting the soil carbon pool and organic carbon influx. To explore the characteristics of active organic carbon content and carbon pool management index in farmland soils in typical climate zones, two types of farm land （dry land and paddy fields） and adjacent forest soils in four climate zones （temperate, warm temperate, subtropical, and tropical） in eastern China spanning north to south were selected for study. The permanganate oxidizable carbon （POXC） content in each climate zone was analyzed, and the soil lability of carbon （L）, soil lability index （LI）, carbon pool index （CPI）, and carbon pool management index （CMI） under each land use type were calculated. The following trends were observed across the three land use types： Soil POXC content was generally slightly higher in the north than in the south and consistently higher in paddy fields than in dry lands. L was significantly higher in warm-temperate regions than in the other three climatic regions. This suggests that soils in warm temperate regions （primarily fluvio-aquic soils） and paddy field soils have high organic carbon activity and soil carbon pool quality. However, measures to avoid soil organic carbon （SOC） loss during agricultural use must be crucially implemented. Paddy field soils exhibited higher CPI values than dry land soils across all four climatic regions. Specifically, the CPI of paddy fields was >1 in all regions, whereas dry lands had carbon pool indices of <1, except in the warm temperate region. This indicates that long-term paddy field cultivation enhanced organic carbon soil stocks, whereas long-term dry land farming reduced them compared with those in adjacent forested areas. Except for the subtropical dry lands, the average CMI for both types of farmland soil in all four climatic regions was >100. Furthermore, the index was higher in paddy fields than in adjacent dry lands and higher in the north than in the south, suggesting that long-term agricultural use can improve SOC quality, thereby promoting the conversion and supply of soil organic nutrients. Correlation analysis revealed significant positive correlations between POXC and SOC, total nitrogen, pH, and sand and significant negative correlations with clay, silt, mean annual temperature （MAT）, and mean annual precipitation （MAP）. CMI correlated positively with pH and sand and negatively with MAT and MAP. These findings provide a scientific basis for understanding the impacts of long-term agricultural use on soil carbon pool activity and soil quality in the typical climatic regions of eastern China. This can guide appropriate agronomic management practices aimed at enhancing carbon pool management.
期刊：
Ecology and Evolution,2025年15(3):e71034 ISSN：2045-7758
通讯作者：
Xiao, HS
作者机构：
[He, Xuefeng; Xiao, Huashun; Zeng, Siqi; Long, Shisheng] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Fac Forestry, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Xiao, HS ] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Fac Forestry, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
basal area;canopy closure;maximum density line;self-regulatory;self-thinning
摘要：
The self-thinning rule in forest stands is fundamental to the development of density management strategies, as it determines the maximum stand density achievable for a given tree size. Accurate modeling of the maximum density line is crucial, but selecting representative data points for this purpose remains a challenge. Using 18 years of data from five Cunninghamia lanceolata plantations with varying initial planting densities, this study investigated whether relationships between mean tree basal area (g) and height (H) can reveal forest developmental stages and identify when stands begin self-thinning and reach maximum density. Our results showed a significant linear relationship (p < 0.05) between g and H after self-thinning was established, supporting the presence of self-regulatory growth mechanisms. These findings enabled the development of a novel sample selection method for constructing more accurate maximum density line models, outperforming traditional methods that rely on arbitrary thresholds. Additionally, we derived formulas to describe total stand basal area (G (1.0)) during different growth stages, revealing positive correlations with mean height during early growth and negative correlations with mean diameter during self-thinning. This research advances the understanding of self-thinning dynamics and provides practical tools for improving density management in plantation forestry.
摘要：
BACKGROUND: Camellia oleifera Abel. is one of the four major woody oil species whose seeds produce high-grade edible oil. In recent years, the planting area of Camellia oleifera is increasing in China. However, in the process of cultivation, due to the high fruit load, the Camellia oleifera tree has small fruit and poor quality. In previous studies, we explored the optimal leaf-fruit ratio. In this study, the changes of molecular regulation mechanism of Camellia oleifera under different leaf-fruit ratios were revealed by combining physiological indexes with transcriptome data. RESULT: The physiological results showed that the content of MDA and starch in leaves increased significantly with the decrease in the leaf-to-fruit ratio. The results of transcriptome showed that there was a close relationship between leaf-fruit ratio and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway. With the decrease of leaf-fruit ratio, the expression of genes related to lignin and flavonoid biosynthesis increased significantly, which promoted the synthesis of lignin and flavonoid. CONCLUSIONS: Combining physiological indicators and transcriptomics, we demonstrated that leaf-fruit ratio can significantly affect the normal growth of plants. When the fruit load is too high, the fruit as a 'sink' will consume a large amount of nutrients in the plant body and promote the biosynthesis of lignin and flavonoids in the body. The results provide a more reliable scientific basis for the study of cultivation and management of Camellia oleifera.
作者机构：
[Tang, Hui; Wei, Juan; Zhong, Yongde; Li, Dali] College of National Parks and Tourism, Central South University of Forestry & Technology, Changsha, 410000, China;[Wei, Juan; Li, Dali] College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry & Technology, Changsha, 410000, China;[Zhong, Yongde] National Forestry and Grassland Administration State Forestry Administration Engineering Research Center for Forest Tourism, Changsha, 410004, China;[Zhong, Yongde] Haikou University of Economics, Haikou, 571127, China. Electronic address: ade@csuft.edu.cn;[Chen, Aimei] Haikou University of Economics, Haikou, 571127, China
通讯机构：
[Yongde Zhong] C;College of National Parks and Tourism, Central South University of Forestry & Technology, Changsha 410000, China<&wdkj&>National Forestry and Grassland Administration State Forestry Administration Engineering Research Center for Forest tourism, Changsha 410004, China<&wdkj&>Haikou University of Economics, haikou 571127, China
摘要：
Light pollution has become a significant threat to global biodiversity and ecological health. With the increase of urbanization, protected areas such as national parks are increasingly affected by light pollution. Using the space-time cube model, the spatiotemporal patterns of light pollution and its correlation with multiple factors in five major national parks in China (Panda, Northeast Tiger and Leopard, Hainan Tropical Rainforest, Sanjiangyuan, and Wuyi Mountain) were analyzed from 1992 to 2021. The results show a significant upward trend in the light pollution indices across all five parks. The total nighttime lighting index (TNLI) experienced a 52.2-fold increase, while the mean nighttime lighting index (MNLI) rose by a factor of 1.1, the maximum nighttime lighting index (MANLI) by 0.6, and the total nighttime light area (TNLA) by 39-fold. Light pollution is influenced by park shape complexity and is mainly concentrated in boundary zones, window areas, settlements, and roads. The impact of building areas and human activities within and outside the 1 km buffer zone on light pollution levels is significant, especially outside the park. These findings provide critical references for light pollution control in national parks, emphasizing the need for differentiated management strategies, optimizing park boundary shapes, setting up external buffer zones, and controlling light pollution both within and outside the parks to effectively protect biodiversity and ecological health.
Light pollution has become a significant threat to global biodiversity and ecological health. With the increase of urbanization, protected areas such as national parks are increasingly affected by light pollution. Using the space-time cube model, the spatiotemporal patterns of light pollution and its correlation with multiple factors in five major national parks in China (Panda, Northeast Tiger and Leopard, Hainan Tropical Rainforest, Sanjiangyuan, and Wuyi Mountain) were analyzed from 1992 to 2021. The results show a significant upward trend in the light pollution indices across all five parks. The total nighttime lighting index (TNLI) experienced a 52.2-fold increase, while the mean nighttime lighting index (MNLI) rose by a factor of 1.1, the maximum nighttime lighting index (MANLI) by 0.6, and the total nighttime light area (TNLA) by 39-fold. Light pollution is influenced by park shape complexity and is mainly concentrated in boundary zones, window areas, settlements, and roads. The impact of building areas and human activities within and outside the 1 km buffer zone on light pollution levels is significant, especially outside the park. These findings provide critical references for light pollution control in national parks, emphasizing the need for differentiated management strategies, optimizing park boundary shapes, setting up external buffer zones, and controlling light pollution both within and outside the parks to effectively protect biodiversity and ecological health.
摘要：
This research presents DepMulti-Net, a novel rice disease and pest identification model, designed to overcome the challenges of complex background interference, difficult disease feature extraction, and large model parameter volume in rice leaf disease identification. Initially, a comprehensive rice disease dataset comprising 20,000 images was meticulously constructed, covering four common types of rice diseases: bacterial leaf blight, rice blast, brown spot, and tungro disease. To enhance data diversity, various data augmentation techniques were applied. Subsequently, a novel VGG-block module was introduced. By leveraging depth-separable convolution, the model's parameter quantity was significantly reduced. A multi-scale feature fusion module was also designed to effectively enhance the model's ability to extract disease features from complex backgrounds. Moreover, the integration of the feature reuse mechanism and inverse bottleneck structure further improved the model's recognition accuracy for fine-grained disease features. Experimental results show that the DepMulti-Net model has only 13.50M parameters and achieves an average accuracy of 98.56% in identifying the four types of rice diseases. This performance significantly outperforms existing rice leaf disease identification methods. In conclusion, this study offers an efficient and lightweight solution for crop disease identification, which holds great significance for promoting the development of smart agriculture.
摘要：
Camellia oleifera Abel. (C. oleifera) represents a significant woody edible oil species predominantly distributed in southern China. Timely flowering is essential for the growth, development and tea oil production of C. oleifera. However, the mechanisms underpinning this process remain insufficiently understood. In this study, it was demonstrated through time-course transcriptome analysis that we revealed that CoFKF1-like1 (CoFKF1) serves as a central regulatory gene in the flowering process of C. oleifera. The ectopic expression of CoFKF1 resulted in the induction of early flowering. Furthermore, it was observed that CoFKF1 interacts with the transcription factor CoMYB4 in a blue-light-dependent manner, facilitating its ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. Genetically, CoMYB4 was identified as functioning downstream of CoFKF1 by directly binding to the promoter of CoFT1 and repressing its promoter activity. In conclusion, these findings elucidate that CoFKF1 promotes flowering by reducing the stability of the CoMYB4 protein, thereby enhancing CoFT1 promoter activity. Collectively, the results provide critical insights into the flowering mechanisms of C. oleifera and present a promising avenue to optimise its flowering period via the CoFKF1-CoMYB4-CoFT1 module.
作者机构：
[Zheng, Wei; Wu, Jinshui] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Agroecol Proc Subtrop Reg, Inst Subtrop Agr, Changsha 410125, Peoples R China.;[Zheng, Wei; Wu, Jinshui] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China.;[Zheng, Wei; Yan, Wende] Natl Engn Lab Appl Technol Forestry & Ecol South C, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;[Zheng, Wei; Yan, Wende] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Fac Life & Environm Sci, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;[Dang, Peng; Dang, P] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Fac Forestry, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Dang, P ] C;[Yan, WD ] N;Natl Engn Lab Appl Technol Forestry & Ecol South C, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Fac Life & Environm Sci, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Fac Forestry, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Nitrogen availability and cycling;Chinese fir plantations;MAT and MAP;Climatic gradient;Subtropical region
摘要：
Nitrogen (N) plays a vital role in the biogeochemical cycles of terrestrial ecosystems under the global climate change context. However, the effects of climate variables on soil N availability and cycling in Chinese fir plantations remain poorly understood. In this study, we evaluated how changes in mean annual temperature (MAT) and precipitation (MAP) affect soil N availability and cycling through field survey experiments conducted in Chinese fir plantation ecosystems across subtropical China. Our findings revealed that the increase in MAT and MAP from north to south across subtropical China resulted in higher soil organic matter inputs and changes in soil properties. These shifts, accompanied by a decrease in soil pH, drove alterations in soil N fractions, sources, and demands, particularly nitrate-N (NO 3 – ) and ammonia-N (NH 4 + ). Specifically, soil N availability increased (NO 3 – : NH 4 + > 1) in regions with the highest MAT and MAP, and N cycling strategy shifted from slow-closed acquiring to fast-open cycling. Mechanism model analyses indicated that MAT and MAP impact soil N availability and cycling by directly and indirectly altering soil properties and carbon fractions, as well as affecting the conversion between N fractions. Collectively, this study underscores the importance of MAT and MAP in shaping soil N dynamics by influencing soil variables in Chinese fir plantations and provides theoretical guidance for the sustainable management of future artificial forests. Furthermore, future research should further investigate the role of soil pH in regulating soil nutrient cycling under global climate change context.
Nitrogen (N) plays a vital role in the biogeochemical cycles of terrestrial ecosystems under the global climate change context. However, the effects of climate variables on soil N availability and cycling in Chinese fir plantations remain poorly understood. In this study, we evaluated how changes in mean annual temperature (MAT) and precipitation (MAP) affect soil N availability and cycling through field survey experiments conducted in Chinese fir plantation ecosystems across subtropical China. Our findings revealed that the increase in MAT and MAP from north to south across subtropical China resulted in higher soil organic matter inputs and changes in soil properties. These shifts, accompanied by a decrease in soil pH, drove alterations in soil N fractions, sources, and demands, particularly nitrate-N (NO 3 – ) and ammonia-N (NH 4 + ). Specifically, soil N availability increased (NO 3 – : NH 4 + > 1) in regions with the highest MAT and MAP, and N cycling strategy shifted from slow-closed acquiring to fast-open cycling. Mechanism model analyses indicated that MAT and MAP impact soil N availability and cycling by directly and indirectly altering soil properties and carbon fractions, as well as affecting the conversion between N fractions. Collectively, this study underscores the importance of MAT and MAP in shaping soil N dynamics by influencing soil variables in Chinese fir plantations and provides theoretical guidance for the sustainable management of future artificial forests. Furthermore, future research should further investigate the role of soil pH in regulating soil nutrient cycling under global climate change context.
关键词：
Vernicia fordii;Polygonati odoratum;Soil physicochemical properties;Soil microorganism;Gene function prediction
摘要：
Vernicia fordii, a tropical and subtropical oil tree species, is highly esteemed for its fruit but yields slow economic returns. To address this, a study was conducted on intercropping Vernicia fordii with Polygonatum odoratum, a Chinese herbal medicine, to investigate its effects on rhizosphere soil microorganisms and potential for accelerated economic gains. Comparisons were drawn with monocultures of both P. odoratum and V. fordii. Utilizing 16S rDNA sequencing analysis, the study unveiled a profound impact of intercropping on the rhizosphere soil microbial community. Specifically, the abundance of certain bacterial communities such as Actinomycetes, Bacteroidetes, and Chloroflexi, as well as fungal communities like Ascomycota and Basidiomycota, underwent significant changes under intercropping conditions. Within the bacterial community, the relative abundance of Actinobacteria, Myxococcola, and Chloroflexi increased notably by approximately 33.3%, 50%, and 50%, respectively, while Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria decreased significantly by 16.7% and 20%, respectively (p < 0.05). Concurrently, Ascomycota and Basidiomycota in the fungal community showed a significant increase in relative abundance by 10% and 5%, respectively. Functional predictions further indicated enhanced metabolic activities related to nitrogen fixation and chitin decomposition.Moreover, intercropping led to a marked increase in soil nutrient content, including organic matter, available potassium, alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen, and sucrase activity, which are crucial for the advancement of biogeochemical processes. In terms of plant growth, P. odoratum under intercropping exhibited significant advantages, with increased plant height, ground diameter, and biomass. Notably, the ground diameter increased by 9.75% and biomass by 28.8%. Additionally, the chemical composition of P. odoratum underwent changes, with polysaccharides, total flavonoids, and total saponins showing increases of 1%, 32.9%, and 13.9%, respectively, whereas total phenolic content decreased by 19.0% (p < 0.05). In summary, intercropping not only alters the composition and abundance of soil microbial communities and enhances soil nutrient content but also promotes the growth and accumulation of specific chemical components in P. odoratum. These findings have positive implications for agricultural and forestry production, offering valuable insights for improving agricultural efficiency and economic benefits.
摘要：
Seasonal drought has hindered the sustainable growth of the Camellia oil tree industry. While brassinolide (BL) can mitigate drought stress in plants to some extent, the regulatory mechanisms underlying BL's effects in Camellia oil tree remain unclear. To investigate the mechanisms by which BL alleviates drought stress in Camellia oil tree, three-year-old 'Huashuo' cutting seedling was exposed to three experimental treatments: CK (normal watering), UW (no watering), and BL (no watering, sprayed with 1 mg∙L(- 1) BL). Leaf anatomical observation, hormone quantification, and transcriptomic profiling were performed on leaf samples collected at days 2, 4, and 6 following treatments. The results demonstrated that (i) BL treatment significantly increased leaf and spongy tissue thickness; (ii) BL reduced ABA and IAA levels in leaves under drought stress; (iii) WGCNA identified three modules linked to ABA, IAA, and their corresponding hormone levels, with subsequent analysis infer NAC transcription factors (TFs) as the primary regulators in these modules. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the role of BL in alleviating drought stress in tree crop and provides a fundamental reference for molecular breeding and genetic improvement of Camellia oil tree.
摘要：
Previous research has consistently shown that high-fat diet (HFD) consumption can lead to the development of colonic inflammation. Neohesperidin (NHP), a naturally occurring flavanone glycoside in citrus fruits, has anti-inflammatory properties. However, the efficacy and mechanism of NHP in countering prolonged HFD-induced inflammation remains unclear. In this study, rats on HFD were intragastrically administered (i.g.) with NHP for 12 consecutive weeks. Results indicate that this natural compound is effective in reducing colorectal inflammation at doses of 40-80 mg/kg body weight (BW) by i.g. administration, with significant decreases in inflammation markers such as TNF-α and IL-1β levels. It also improved intestinal mucosal tissue integrity and reduced HFD-stimulated colorectal inflammation via the JAK2/STAT3 pathway. Furthermore, intestinal microbiota sequencing results show that NHP intervention significantly downregulated the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio. This ratio is closely related to the preventive role in the context of glycolipid metabolism disorder. Compared with fecal cultures of rats from the HFD group, after 48 h in vitro fermentation, those from the NHP group had distinct microbiota composition and notably higher concentrations of SCFAs. Collectively, these observations suggest that 80 mg/kg BW NHP possesses biological activities in downregulating HFD-induced colorectal inflammation by regulating intestinal flora and promoting SCFAs formation.
期刊：
Land Degradation & Development,2025年 ISSN：1085-3278
通讯作者：
Yan, WD;Dang, Peng;Dang, P
作者机构：
[Lei, Junjie; Yan, Wende] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Life & Environm Sci, Changsha, Peoples R China.;[Lei, Junjie; Yan, Wende; Dang, Peng; Dang, P] Natl Engn Lab Appl Technol Forestry & Ecol South C, Changsha, Peoples R China.;[Peng, Yuanying] Lewis Univ, Coll Arts & Sci, Romeoville, IL USA.;[Gao, Xiaoqian; Dang, Peng; Dang, P] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Forestry, Changsha, Peoples R China.;[Chen, Xiaoyong] Governors State Univ, Coll Arts & Sci, University Pk, IL USA.
通讯机构：
[Dang, P ; Yan, WD ] C;[Dang, P] N;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Life & Environm Sci, Changsha, Peoples R China.;Natl Engn Lab Appl Technol Forestry & Ecol South C, Changsha, Peoples R China.;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Forestry, Changsha, Peoples R China.
关键词：
available nitrogen;karst ecosystem;microbial necromass;nitrogen sequestration;plantation
摘要：
ABSTRACTMicrobial necromass nitrogen (MNN) is increasingly recognized as a major source of soil N, playing a crucial role in N sequestration and sustaining N balance. However, quantitative data on the contribution of MNN to total N and its relationship with soil multifunctionality (SMF) in karst plantation ecosystems remain lacking. In this study, MNN (measured via amino sugar analysis) and SMF (calculated using the mean value method) were determined across five plantations and unafforested land (control) in the Wuling Mountains of subtropical China. The soil MNN content ranged from 1.02 to 1.67 g kg−1, contributing 53.8% to 75.4% of the total N, with Cinnamomum camphora pure forest exhibiting the highest values among all stand types and control. The afforestation of Cinnamomum camphora enhanced soil nutrient provision, microbial activity, and biomass, increasing SMF by 54% compared to the control. The soil functional parameters were generally higher in the organic horizon than in the topsoil and subsoil, and the contribution of MNN to total N was greater in the subsoil. Enzyme stoichiometry ratios indicated that microbial P limitation was prevalent in both plantation and control soils, with MNN content positively correlated with C/P and N/P ratios (p < 0.001). Increases in MNN were closely associated with SMF, encompassing nutrient provision, microbial activity, and biomass, with available N (AN) being a key predictor of MNN accumulation. The partial least squares path model revealed that nutrient provision contributed positively to MNN accumulation, and AN had a direct effect path coefficient of 0.72 on it (p < 0.01). This work underscored the critical role of MNN in contributing to N sequestration and its potential to support ecosystem functioning in the karst region.
作者机构：
[Zhang, Gui; Liu, Pingbo] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Forestry Soil & Water Conservat, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Pingbo] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Comp Sci & Math, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zhang, G ] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Forestry Soil & Water Conservat, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.
关键词：
forest fire discrimination;angle slope index;Himawari-8;decomposed three-dimensional OTSU
摘要：
In the background of high frequency and intensity forest fires driven by future warming and a drying climate, early detection and effective control of fires are extremely important to reduce losses. Meteorological satellite imagery is commonly used for near-real-time forest fire monitoring, thanks to its high temporal resolution. To address the misjudgments and omissions caused by solely relying on changes in infrared band brightness values and a single image in forest fire early discrimination, this paper constructs the angle slope indexes ANIR, AMIR, AMNIR, ∆ANIR, and ∆AMIR based on the reflectance of the red band and near-infrared band, the brightness temperature of the mid-infrared and far-infrared band, the difference between the AMIR and ANIR, and the index difference between time-series images. These indexes integrate the strong inter-band correlations and the reflectance characteristics of visible and short-wave infrared bands to simultaneously monitor smoke and fuel biomass changes in forest fires. We also used the decomposed three-dimensional OTSU (maximum inter-class variance method) algorithm to calculate the segmentation threshold of the sub-regions constructed from the AMNIR data to address the different discrimination thresholds caused by different time and space backgrounds. In this paper, the Himawari-8 satellite imagery was used to detect forest fires based on the angle slope indices thresholds algorithm (ASITR), and the fusion of the decomposed three-dimensional OTSU and ASITR algorithm (FDOA). Results show that, compared with ASITR, the accuracy of FDOA decreased by 3.41% (0.88 vs. 0.85), the omission error decreased by 52.94% (0.17 vs. 0.08), and the overall evaluation increased by 3.53% (0.85 vs. 0.88). The ASITR has higher accuracy, and the fusion of decomposed three-dimensional OTSU and angle slope indexes can reduce forest fire omission error and improve the overall evaluation.
