摘要：
Zanthoxylum is a precious medicinal woody plant with a very low seed germination rate in China. The gibberellin (GA) treatment extremely increased the germination rate of zanthoxylum seeds. Our previous transcriptome data showed that exogenous GA played a negative role in the expression levels of genes involved in lipid metabolism during imbibition. Our present data indicated that compared with the GA-treated seeds, the soluble sugars were more quickly consumed and lipid breakdown was prematurely and actively initiated in the water-treated seeds during the early germination. However, the application of sucrose could improve the germination of water-treated seeds and significantly inhibit lipid breakdown. Both the application of sucrose and exogenous GA could significantly reduce the catalytic activities of sugar-dependent 1 (SDP1) and isocitratelyase (ICL), the expressions of SDP1 and ICL genes, and decrease the products of lipid breakdown as well during the early germination. We suggested that exogenous GA might enhance starch hydrolysis by promoting the catalytic activity of a-amylase to supplement metabolically consumed soluble sugars, thus the increased sugars levels would help to inhibit the lipid breakdown to mitigate oxidative damages in the early germination of zanthoxylum seeds. In the end, we summarized the possible molecular mechanism on the exogenous GA weakening lipid breakdown by increasing soluble sugars levels in the early germination of zanthoxylum seeds.
作者机构：
[李文娟] School of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China;[徐海音; 尹静玄; 王平; 朱姗姗] College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
通讯机构：
[Wang, P.] C;College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
作者机构：
[杨雨中; 朱健; 肖媛媛; 谭蓉; 王平; 陈润华; 徐海音; 杨雄] College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha;410004, China;Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Control of Rice Quality and Safety, Changsha;[杨雨中; 朱健; 肖媛媛; 谭蓉; 王平; 陈润华; 徐海音; 杨雄] 410004, China;[朱健; 王平] 410004, China<&wdkj&>Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Control of Rice Quality and Safety, Changsha
关键词：
Antioxidant enzymes;Cadmium;Chemical forms;Gene expression;Salix;Subcellular distribution
摘要：
Cadmium (Cd) is a highly toxic element for plant. In order to reveal the effects of NaHS on Cd uptake, physiological and molecular responses of salix to Cd toxicity, NaHS-mediated hydroponics of salix under Cd stress was performed. The addition of NaHS reduces the salix biomass reduction caused by Cd poisoning. NaHS did not obviously reduce the total Cd level absorbed by salix, but significantly reduced the soluble Cd fractions and increased the insoluble Cd fractions in salix leaves and roots. NaHS reduced the distribution of Cd in organelles and vacuoles and increased the distribution of Cd in the cell wall of salix leaves and roots. NaHS promotes the level of antioxidant enzyme activities and gene expression of salix, and reduces the accumulation of MDA and H2O2 caused by Cd. NaHS increases the content of GSH and endogenous H2S in salix leaves and roots. The addition of NaHS can reduce the toxicity of Cd to salix without obviously reducing the Cd uptake by salix, thus improving the application of salix in phytoremediation to Cd.
摘要：
In this study, a novel method based on the magnetic Fe/C crosslinked nanoparticles (MNZVI/CNTs-OH) is reported for the effective removal of Cr(VI) in aqueous solutions. Parameters that influence the effectiveness of the nanoparticles, such as pH, temperature, reaction time, and particle dosage, was analyzed. It was found that MNZVI/CNTs-OH particles exhibit significantly higher activity toward Cr(VI) removal than bare NZVI, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and other synthetic nanomaterials. Under optimized conditions, the removal efficiency of Cr(VI) by MNZVI/CNTs-OH is up to 98% with an initial contaminant concentration of 50 mg/L, and chromium content in the residue up to 48 mg/g. Physical characterizations, including Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and TG-TD measurements, provide insights into the working mechanism of Cr(VI) purification. Our findings suggest that immobilization of MNZVI onto carbon nanotubes increase the covalent bond property, while crosslinked nanoparticles (NPs) provide the electron transfer passage from the NZVI surface and improves the dispersity of the MNZVI, thus enhancing the performance. These results demonstrate the potential of the MNZVI/CNTs-OH nanoparticles for the rapid and efficient treatment of Cr(VI)-containing wastewater.
摘要：
Koelreuteria paniculata were cultivated in nutrient solution with different concentrations of Cd (0, 50, 150, 250 and 500microM) and sampled after 90 days. The resistance, translocation, accumulation and stress responses in Koelreuteria paniculata were investigated by hydroponic experiments. The results showed that Koelreuteria paniculata is an efficient Cd excluder that can tolerate high concentrations of Cd (up to 150-250microM of Cd). The concentration of Cd never exceeds 5ppm in leaves and 10ppm in roots. The high concentration of Cd (>/= 250microM) had a toxic effect on K. paniculata and significantly restricted the plant growth. The accumulation ability of Cd by different plant tissues followed the sequence of roots > leaves > stems. The bioconcentration factors and translocation factors both were less than 1. Cd has the highest content in the cell wall and is migrated to soluble fractions and organelles at high concentrations. Undissolved Cd phosphate, pectates and protein-bound Cd were the predominant forms. The low concentration of Cd (</=150microM) promoted the synthesis of soluble proteins, AsA and GSH, while high concentration of Cd clearly inhibited the physiological and biochemical process, caused membrane lipid peroxidation and severe membrane damages, and increased MDA and H2O2 contents. POD, CAT and SOD exhibited positive and effective responses to low concentration Cd stress, but could not remove the toxicity caused by high concentration Cd stress. The content of IAA, GA and ZT decreased and ABA content was significantly increased under high-concentration Cd stress.
期刊：
JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY,2018年165(9):E366-E374 ISSN：0013-4651
通讯作者：
Wang, Ping;Yang, Zhao-hui
作者机构：
[Xu, Hai-yin; Wang, Ping] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Environm Sci & Engn, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Xu, Hai-yin; Wang, Ping] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Hunan Engn Lab Control Rice Qual & Safety, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Yang, Zhao-hui; Song, Pei-pei] Hunan Univ, Coll Environm Sci & Engn, Changsha 410082, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Luo, Yuan-ling] Changsha Environm Protect Coll, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Huang, Jing] Hunan Acad Forestry, Inst Biol & Environm Engn, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Wang, Ping] C;[Yang, Zhao-hui] H;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Environm Sci & Engn, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Hunan Engn Lab Control Rice Qual & Safety, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Hunan Univ, Coll Environm Sci & Engn, Changsha 410082, Hunan, Peoples R China.
摘要：
The overall goal of this study was to construct a real-time control strategy to Cr(VI) removal with fluctuation of influent using FeElectrocoagulation (EC)-Al-Electroflotation (EF) reactor. Firstly, we used the pH as the indirect indicators to developed mechanism models that could describe the process of Cr(VI) reduction to Cr(III). During the process of Fe-EC, if Delta[pHm]/Delta t <=Delta[pHp]/Delta t, indicating that Cr(VI) was completely removed. Model M2 was more capable of predicting the terminal time of Fe-EC process than Model Ml. To improve accurate of model M2, the effective rate of Fe(II) for Cr(VI) reduction (psi = 28.7%) in an extremely adverse conditions was defined, and the optimal Delta equation was deduced according to monitoring accuracy and stability of pH monitor. Subsequently, the response surface methodology (RSM) was used to develop flocculation-flotation empirical models of suspended particles of Cr(III). The model of response of the residual total Cr and turbidity, temperature, electric quantity per volume (Q) and settling time was constructed. Verification results show the efficiency of the proposed model. Finally, we constructed a real-time control strategy by combined the Fe-EC and Al-EF, which could save 58.8% of anode material and 58.3% of electricity power and reduce 58.7% of sludge production compared to traditional control process. (C) 2018 The Electrochemical Society.
作者机构：
[荣健; 孙吉康; 周韬] College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China;[王平] College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China;[李强] Runan County Forestry Technology Promotion Station, Luoyang, 471200, China
通讯机构：
[Sun, J.-K.] C;College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
作者机构：
[Zhou, Tao; Rong, Jian; Sun, Jikang; Jia, Hao] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Life Sci & Technol, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Ping] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Environm Sci & Engn, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Zhiming] Eastern New Mexico Univ, Dept Biol, Portales, NM 88130 USA.
通讯机构：
[Wang, Ping] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Environm Sci & Engn, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.
摘要：
The zanthoxylum seeds are oil-rich and have a very thick, dense and oily shell. In the natural conditions the seeds have a very low germination rate. Prior to treatment with GAs to promote germination, the seeds were usually soaked in sulfuric acid to remove shells easily. A high-throughput sequencing of mRNAs was performed to investigate the effects of the above treatments on the germination of zanthoxylum seeds. Seven libraries were assembled into 100,982 unigenes and 59,509 unigenes were annotated. We focused on the expression profiles of the key genes related to the oil metabolisms and hormone regulations during seed germination. Our data indicated the endogenous ABA of seeds was rich. The effects that the exogenous GAs promoted germination were apparent in the secong day of germination. Especially, for the first time our results indicated the exogenous GAs lowered the aerobic metabolism including the oil metabolisms during imbibition. We inferred that the exogenous GAs had inhibitory effects on the oil metabolisms to avoide oxidative damages to the imbibed seeds, and the seed shell played the role similiar to the exogenous GAs in the initial stage of germination in the natural conditions.
