湘中丘陵区4种森林类型土壤微生物生物量碳氮含量
作者：
李胜蓝;方晰;项文化;孙伟军;张仕吉
期刊：
林业科学 ,2014年50(5):8-16 ISSN：1001-7488
作者机构：
[方晰; 孙伟军; 李胜蓝; 项文化] 中南林业科技大学生命科学与技术学院 长沙410004;[方晰; 孙伟军; 李胜蓝; 项文化] 南方林业生态应用技术国家工程实验室 长沙410004;[张仕吉] 中南林业科技大学
关键词：
湘中丘陵区;杉木人工林;演替阶段;天然次生林;土壤微生物生物量碳氮含量
摘要：
采用氯仿熏蒸浸提法,比较湘中丘陵区4种不同森林类型(杉木人工林、马尾松+石栎针阔混交林、南酸枣落叶阔叶林、石栎+青冈常绿阔叶林)土壤微生物生物量碳和氮含量及其季节动态变化,分析土壤微生物生物量碳氮含量与土壤养分含量、含水率的相关性。结果表明: 4种森林各层土壤总有机碳、全氮平均含量的变化趋势基本一致,呈现出随着林分组成树种数量的增加而增大;南酸枣落叶阔叶林和青冈+石栎常绿阔叶林各土层土壤微生物生物量碳和氮含量均高于马尾松+石栎针阔混交林和杉木人工林,且以南酸枣落叶阔叶林最高,杉木人工林最低;土壤微生物生物量碳含量占土壤总有机碳含量的2. 3%~2. 9%,土壤微生物生物量氮含量占全氮含量的4. 5%~6. 4%,均以南酸枣落叶阔叶林最高,马尾松+石栎针阔混交林最低; 4种森林土壤微生物生物量碳和氮含量的季节变化均表现为“单峰曲线型”,呈现出“夏高冬低”型或“秋高春低”型,杉木人工林、马尾松+石栎针阔混交林土壤微生物生物量碳含量季节波动幅度较其他2种森林明显,但其土壤微生物生物量氮含量季节波动幅度没有其他2种森林明显;土壤微生物生物量碳、氮含量与土壤总有机碳、全氮、碱解氮含量之间均极显著正相关(P<0. 01),但与土壤含水率不存在显著的相关性(P>0. 05),初步揭示该地区4种森林土壤微生物生物量碳和氮含量的季节变化不直接受控于土壤自然含水率, 4种森林与环境因子长期共同作用导致土壤总有机碳和全氮含量的差异是影响不同森林土壤微生物生物量碳和氮含量差异及其季节动态变化的主要因素之一。
语种：
中文
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湘中丘陵区南酸枣阔叶林群落特征及群落更新
作者：
易好;邓湘雯;项文化;方晰;赵丽娟;...
期刊：
生态学报 ,2014年34(12):3463-3471 ISSN：1000-0933
通讯作者：
Deng, X.
作者机构：
中南林业科技大学生命科学与技术学院,长沙,410004;中南林业科技大学林学院,长沙,410004
通讯机构：
Central South University of Forestry and Technology, China
关键词：
南酸枣;植物多样性;落叶阔叶林;群落更新
摘要：
南酸枣阔叶林群落是湘中丘陵区的重要的森林群落类型之一,在森林演替过程中占有重要的地位。在湘中丘陵区长沙县大山冲林场的代表性群落---南酸枣阔叶林群落(The Choerospondias axillaries broad-leaved community)设立1 hm~2固定样地,对其群落学特征进行调查,分析其植物多样性和更新动态。结果表明:群落中胸径≥1cm的乔木树种共有25科42属59种。乔木层中南酸枣(Choerospondias axillaries)的重要值最大(23.57),是群落中的建群种;南酸枣胸径和树高结构均呈正态分布,南酸枣幼苗(1.0cm≤DBH<1.5cm)只有6株;群落中四川山矾(Symplocos setchuensis)的重要值(10.46)排第二,但胸径小于1.5 cm的幼树数量较多(占种群数量的22.0%),格药柃(Eurya muricata)、千年桐(Aleurites montana)和毛豹皮樟(Lindera coreana)的重要值分别为7.98(幼树数占种群数量的16.8%),5 .39(幼树数占种群数量的11.7%),4 .17(幼树数占种群数量的11.0%),这4个乔木树种的径级结构均呈倒J 型分布;林分的成层结构中,上层木主要为南酸枣,下层木主要为四川山矾、格药柃、千年桐和毛豹皮樟。林下幼苗主要为常绿阔叶树种,且更新良好,并将成为下一个演替阶段的建群种。南酸枣的幼苗更新不良情况说明其在群落中的优势地位在逐年降低,而四川山矾、格药柃、千年桐、毛豹皮樟等树种的优势地位呈上升趋势,表明湘中丘陵区的南酸枣阔叶林群落正在朝常绿阔叶林的方向演替。灌木、草本层中共有植物37种,重要值前5位的种为檵木(Loropetalum chinensis)、满山红(Rhododendron mariesii)、乌饭(Vaccinium bracteatum)、栀子(Gardenia jasminoides)、映山红(Rhododendron simsii)分别为54.59、21.85、4.98、4.63、4.53,其中,檵木和满山红在灌木层中的优势地位明显。
语种：
中文
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常绿阔叶林石栎和青冈种群生活史特征与空间分布格局
作者：
赵丽娟;项文化
期刊：
西北植物学报 ,2014年34(6):1259-1268 ISSN：1000-4025
作者机构：
[赵丽娟; 项文化] 中南林业科技大学生命科学学院
关键词：
常绿阔叶林;年龄结构;存活曲线;空间格局;空间关联;种群动态
摘要：
以中亚热带低山丘陵常绿阔叶林石栎-青冈群落为研究对象,采用相邻格子法在湖南省长沙县大山冲林场建立1hm~2永久性监测样地,通过编制静态生命表绘制种群年龄结构图和存活曲线以及应用Ripley's K 函数,研究了石栎和青冈的生活史动态、空间点格局以及不同生活史的空间关联性。结果显示:(1)两种群的死亡率随径级的增加呈上升趋势,在幼树(Ⅰ级)到小树(Ⅱ级)阶段均达到死亡高峰;两种群均属于增长型年龄结构,生命曲线接近于Ⅰ型(曲线凸型)。(2)分布格局主要呈聚集分布,聚集强度随空间距离的增大而增强,随年龄的增大石栎种群呈下降趋势,青冈种群呈先减弱后增强的趋势。(3)石栎和青冈的幼树、小树在小尺度上与中树、大树显著正关联,且青冈在t>15m的尺度上小树和大树亦显著正关联。研究表明,物种的生物学特征和种内、种间竞争是影响石栎、青冈种群生存力的重要因素;种子扩散、萌芽繁殖、生境特化和负密度效应是维持石栎和青冈种群空间格局的主要驱动因子。
语种：
中文
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Influence of thinning on acidic deposition in Chinese fir plantations
作者：
Liu Si-mian;Tian Da-lun;Xiang Wen-hua;Yan Wen-de;Liu Yun-guo* ;...
期刊：
中南大学学报(英文版) ,2014年21(2):694-700 ISSN：2095-2899
通讯作者：
Liu Yun-guo
作者机构：
[Hu Xin-jiang; Liu Si-mian; Liu Yun-guo] Hunan Univ, Coll Environm Sci & Engn, Changsha 410082, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Hu Xin-jiang; Liu Si-mian; Liu Yun-guo] Hunan Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Environm Biol & Pollut Control, Changsha 410082, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Tian Da-lun; Xiang Wen-hua] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Fac Life Sci & Technol, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Tian Da-lun; Xiang Wen-hua; Yan Wen-de] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Sect Ecol Res, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Liu Yun-guo] H;Hunan Univ, Coll Environm Sci & Engn, Changsha 410082, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
thinning;acidic deposition;Chinese fir;biomass;soil properties
摘要：
Acidic deposition,which is mainly caused by atmospheric pollution,is one of the global environmental problems.Thinning is an effective management to improve the tree productivity,reduce the wildfire risk and maintain a healthy forest.Since thinning may reduce the effect of acidic deposition,the effect of thinning on acidic deposition was estimated.The biomass,soil properties,pH value of runoff and groundwater in both unthinned and thinned Chinese fir plantations were measured and compared over a 5-year period（2-6 years after thinning）.The results indicated that acidic deposition in the Huitong State Ecosystem Research Station was serious,and it got worse with time.Forest thinning resulted in a huge change in biomass and soil properties.During the 5-year monitoring period,biomasses of understory and litter,plant species richness,coverage of undergrowth plant layer were significantly higher in thinned site than in unthinned site.Moreover,higher soil fertility as well as lower amounts of runoff and groundwater were found in thinned site.It was suggested that thinning could improve the structure of forest,leading to restoring the effluent（runoff and groundwater） pH to the normal value.
语种：
英文
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一株拮抗立枯丝核菌的放线菌筛选、鉴定及生理特性
作者：
张靖宜;张倩茹;项文化;魏树和;牟文燕
期刊：
生态学杂志 ,2014年33(2):394-399 ISSN：1000-4890
通讯作者：
Zhang, Q.-R.
作者机构：
[张靖宜; 项文化] 中南林业科技大学生命科学与技术学院;[张倩茹; 魏树和; 牟文燕] 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所
通讯机构：
Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
关键词：
立枯丝核菌;双齿围沙蚕;淡紫灰链霉菌;16S rDNA;系统发育树
摘要：
通过对峙实验,从采集自黄渤海海域的双齿围沙蚕(Perinereis aibuhitensis)中分离到一株内生放线菌SCF-18,并对其抑菌活性进行分析。SCF-18对立枯丝核菌(Rhizoctonia)和小麦根腐病菌(Bipolaris sorokiniana)都具有拮抗作用,且对立枯丝核菌生长的拮抗效果最为明显,生长抑制率为89.78%。抑菌试验结果表明:菌株SCF-18发酵滤液可以抑制立枯丝核菌丝的生长,发酵液浓度越高,抑制力越强;当发酵液浓度达到50%时,对两种病原菌的抑制率分别为89.78%和80.26%。菌株SCF-18生长特性试验结果表明:菌株 SCF-18生长最适温度为30℃,最适pH值为7;放线菌SCF-18耐盐度可达5%。根据形态特征、培养特征、生理生化特性和16S rDNA序列分析,将放线菌SCF-18初步鉴定为淡紫灰链霉菌(Streptomyces lavendulae)。本研究发现,SCF-18菌株是防治立枯丝核菌等病原菌的潜在优良生防菌株,具有潜在的开发应用价值。
语种：
中文
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湘中丘陵区4种森林土壤水溶性有机碳含量及其与土壤养分的关系
作者：
李岩;方晰;项文化;孙伟军;张仕吉;...
期刊：
土壤通报 ,2014年45(6):1483-1490 ISSN：0564-3945
作者机构：
[方晰; 项文化] 中南林业科技大学生命科学与技术学院,湖南长沙410004;[方晰; 项文化] 南方林业生态应用技术国家工程实验室,湖南长沙410004;[孙伟军; 李胜蓝; 张仕吉; 李岩] 中南林业科技大学
关键词：
湘中丘陵区;杉木人工林;次生林;水溶性有机碳
摘要：
为了解亚热带天然次生林保护对森林土壤有机碳库的影响,研究了湘中丘陵区杉木人工林和3种天然次生林(马尾松 + 石栎针阔混交林、南酸枣落叶阔叶林、石栎 + 青冈常绿阔叶林)土壤水溶性有机碳(DOC)含量季节动态及其与土壤自然含水率、pH、养分含量的相关性。结果表明:土壤DOC含量0 ~ 15 cm土层高于15 ~ 30 cm 土层,秋季土层之间的含量差异最小,土壤DOC 的分配比例15 ~ 30 cm 土层高于0 ~ 15 cm 土层;马尾松 + 石栎针阔混交林、南酸枣落叶阔叶林、石栎 + 青冈常绿阔叶林土壤DOC 含量分别较杉木人工林高3.15% ~ 9.81%,3.85% ~ 8.19%和11.24% ~ 12.00%,夏季不同森林类型之间的含量差异最大;4种森林土壤 DOC的分配比例在2.00% ~ 2.54%之间,杉木人工林土壤 DOC的分配比例高于3种次生林;4种森林土壤 DOC 含量季节变化明显,均表现为:春、夏、冬季较高,秋季最低,秋季与春(除杉木人工林外)、夏季之间差异显著;各森林土壤 DOC含量与土壤自然含水率、有机碳(SOC)、全 N、全 P、全 K、水解 N、有效 P、速效 K 含量之间呈极显著或显著正相关。可见,地带性常绿阔叶林或天然次生林转变为杉木人工林后,土壤 DOC含量下降,土壤 DOC含量可作为衡量土壤潜在生产力的敏感指标。
语种：
中文
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Applying an artificial neural network to simulate and predict Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) plantation carbon flux in subtropical China
作者：
Wen, Xuding;Zhao, Zhonghui;Deng, Xiangwen* ;Xiang, Wenhua;Tian, Dalun;...
期刊：
Ecological Modelling ,2014年294:19-26 ISSN：0304-3800
通讯作者：
Deng, Xiangwen
作者机构：
[Wen, Xuding; Tian, Dalun; Zhao, Zhonghui; Zhou, Xiaolu; Xiang, Wenhua; Yan, Wende; Peng, Changhui; Deng, Xiangwen] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Fac Life Sci & Technol, Natl Engn Lab Appl Technol Forestry & Ecol South, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Zhou, Xiaolu; Peng, Changhui] Univ Quebec, Dept Biol Sci, Ctr CEF ESCER, Montreal, PQ H3C 3P8, Canada.
通讯机构：
[Deng, Xiangwen] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Fac Life Sci & Technol, Natl Engn Lab Appl Technol Forestry & Ecol South, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
C flux;Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation;Artificial neural network;Nonlinear problem
摘要：
Carbon (C) flux between forest ecosystems and the atmosphere is an important ecosystem C cycling component. Modeling C flux plays a critical role in assessing both C cycles and budgets. This study aimed to determine important non-redundant input variables to quantify C flux and to develop a new application of a genetic neural network (GNN) model that accurately simulates C flux. Four input variables (atmospheric CO2 concentration, air temperature, photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), and relative humidity) were fixed, whereas three additional input variables (wind speed, soil temperature, and rainfall) were randomly combined to compile eight combinations of input variables (CIV 1-CIV 8). C flux and meteorological data were collected over a four-year period between January 2008 and December 2011 at the Huitong National Research Station of Forest Ecosystem. Results showed that CIV 8 (grouping atmospheric CO2 concentration, air temperature, PAR, relative humidity, wind speed, and soil temperature) performed best, yielding a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.87, outlier of 0.79%, and a root mean squares of errors (RMSE) of 0.11. C flux data during summer generally provided the best performance with R2 ranging from 0.74 to 0.82, volumetric fitting (Ivf) ranging from 1.00 to 1.02, and outliers ranging from 1.20% to 1.40%. Spring data performance ranked second and winter last. When combining seasonal data to reflect the entire year, R2 ranged from 0.77 to 0.83, Ivf ranged from 0.92 to 0.97, outliers ranged from 1.40% to 1.78%, and RMSE ranged from 0.10 to 0.11, indicating that the GNN model is capable in capturing C flux dynamics while successfully simulating and predicting C flux in a Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation in subtropical China. © 2014.
语种：
英文
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生态学专业本科人才培养目标和模式探讨
作者：
王光军;杨相琴;项文化;闫文德;朱凡;...
期刊：
中南林业科技大学学报(社会科学版) ,2014年8(1):167-171 ISSN：1673-9272
作者机构：
中南林业科技大学生命科学与技术学院 湖南长沙410004
关键词：
生态学专业;本科人才;培养目标;培养模式
摘要：
针对生态学专业本科人才培养中存在的问题,我们以中南林业科技大学生态学本科专业为例,从理论和实践两个层面对生态学专业本科人才培养的目标和规格、培养模式进行探讨。认为人才培养的基本思路是实施通识教育即"‘通才’+‘专才’"的教育模式,强化学生的社会适应性和就业针对性。在此基础上,依据社会需求、学科发展、办学定位、办学条件和传统特色等确立自己相对稳定的培养规格,探索基础研究型、管理决策型、技术应用型等三类生态学专业人才的不同培养方案,实现培养模式多样化,突出培养特色。
语种：
中文
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湘中丘陵区4种森林类型土壤有机碳和可矿化有机碳的比较
作者：
辜翔;方晰;项文化;李胜蓝;孙伟军
期刊：
生态学杂志 ,2013年32(10):2687-2694 ISSN：1000-4890
通讯作者：
Fang, X.
作者机构：
[辜翔; 李胜蓝; 孙伟军] College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China;National Engineering Laboratory of South China Forestry Ecology Applicable Technologies, Changsha 410004, China;[方晰; 项文化] College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China, National Engineering Laboratory of South China Forestry Ecology Applicable Technologies, Changsha 410004, China
通讯机构：
[Fang, X.] C;College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
关键词：
湘中丘陵区;不同演替阶段树种;土壤有机碳;可矿化有机碳;次生林;杉木人工林
摘要：
采用短期室内土壤培养法,比较研究了湘中丘陵区4种不同森林类型(杉木人工林、马尾松+石栎针阔混交林、南酸枣落叶阔叶林、石栎+青冈常绿阔叶林)土壤有机碳、可矿化有机碳的含量。结果表明,4种森林土壤有机碳含量、可矿化有机碳含量以及可矿化有机碳的分配比例均随土壤深度的增加而下降。同一土层有机碳含量从高至低的排序均表现为:石栎+青冈常绿阔叶林>马尾松+石栎针阔混交林>南酸枣落叶阔叶林>杉木人工林,0~30 cm土层,南酸枣落叶阔叶林、马尾松+石栎针阔混交林、石栎+青冈常绿阔叶林土壤有机碳含量比杉木人工林分别高出20.8%、29.7%和31.9%。可矿化有机碳含量及其分配比例从高至低的排序均表现为:石栎+青冈常绿阔叶林>南酸枣落叶阔叶林>马尾松+石栎针阔混交林>杉木人工林,0~30 cm土层,石栎+青冈常绿阔叶林、南酸枣落叶阔叶林、马尾松+石栎针阔混交林可矿化有机碳含量比杉木人工林分别高出51.6%、45.2%和41.0%,可矿化有机碳的分配比例比杉木人工林分别高出35.8%、29.3%和20.0%,4种森林土壤可矿化有机碳与总有机碳、土壤微生物生物量碳、全N、C/N之间均呈极显著相关性。
语种：
中文
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湘中丘陵区不同演替阶段森林土壤活性有机碳库特征
作者：
孙伟军;方晰;项文化;张仕吉;李胜蓝
期刊：
生态学报 ,2013年33(24):7765-7773 ISSN：1000-0933
通讯作者：
Fang, X.
作者机构：
[孙伟军; 方晰; 项文化; 张仕吉; 李胜蓝] 中南林业科技大学生命科学与技术学院;南方林业生态应用技术国家工程实验室
通讯机构：
College of Life science and technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, China
关键词：
天然次生林;演替进展;杉木人工林;活性有机碳库;湘中丘陵区
摘要：
为了解天然次生林保护对土壤活性有机碳库的影响,采用空间替代时间研究方法,对湘中丘陵区不同演替阶段4种林分类型(杉木人工林、马尾松+石栎针阔混交林、南酸枣落叶阔叶林、青冈+石栎常绿阔叶林)土壤活性有机碳及其与土壤养分相关性进行研究。结果表明:1)各土层总有机碳(TOC)、微生物生物量碳(MBC)、水溶性有机碳(DOC)、易氧化有机碳(EOC)含量均表现为:青冈+石栎常绿阔叶林>南酸枣落叶阔叶林>马尾松+石栎针阔混交林>杉木人工林,在0—30cm 土层,马尾松+石栎针阔混交林、南酸枣落叶阔叶林、青冈+石栎常绿阔叶林TOC含量比杉木人工林分别高出13.40%、19.40%和29.91%,MBC含量分别高出15.62%、32.89%和53.33%,DOC含量分别高出8.52%、8.75%和13.76%,EOC含量分别高出32.79%、38.48%和78. 30%;2)天然次生林各土层MBC占TOC的比率以南酸枣落叶阔叶林最高,青冈+石栎常绿阔叶林为其次,马尾松+石栎混交林最低,均高于同一土层杉木人工林(除马尾松+石栎混交林15—30cm 土层外),天然次生林各土层DOC占TOC的比率随着演替进展而下降,均低于同一土层杉木人工林(除马尾松+石栎混交林0 — 15cm 土层外),天然次生林各土层EOC占TOC的比率随着演替进展而增加,且均高于同一土层杉木人工林;3)土壤MBC、DOC、EOC含量与TOC含量的相关性均达到极显著水平,且天然次生林土壤MBC、DOC、EOC含量与TOC含量的相关系数随着演替进展而增高,均高于杉木人工林;4)4种林分土壤TOC、MBC、DOC、EOC含量与土壤全N、碱解N、全P、有效P、全K、速效K含量之间的相关性均达到显著或极显著水平。
语种：
中文
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地形、邻株植物及自身大小对红楠幼树生长与存活的影响
作者：
童跃伟;项文化;王正文
期刊：
生物多样性 ,2013年21(3):269-277 ISSN：1005-0094
作者机构：
[童跃伟; 项文化] 中南林业科技大学生命科学与技术学院;[王正文] 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所;[Walter Durka] Department Community Ecology,Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ;[Markus Fischer] Institute of Plant Sciences,University of Bern
关键词：
中国亚热带森林生物多样性与生态系统功能实验研究;功能类群;邻株植物效应;大小依赖;物种丰富度;地形;树木生长模型
摘要：
在山地森林中,树木生长不仅受地形的影响,也与邻株植物存在各种相互作用,而且具有个体大小依赖性。然而这些影响都具有物种特异性,即不同物种即使在同类地形或与同种植物相邻也会受到不同乃至相反的影响。此外,不同物种个体生长的自身大小依赖性也存在差异。作者利用中欧合作项目"中国亚热带森林生物多样性与生态系统功能实验研究(BEF)"实验样地,以渐危的常绿阔叶木本植物红楠(Machilus thunbergii)为研究对象,连续两年观测了存活的1,452株红楠幼树基径和树高,分析坡向和坡度等地形、邻株植物丰富度及其功能群组成、红楠自身大小对红楠幼树生长和存活率的影响。结果表明:(1)红楠幼树位于阴坡时比位于阳坡具有更高的生长速率和存活率,而坡度只对树高生长量有显著影响;(2)邻株植物物种丰富度对红楠幼树的基径、树高和存活率影响不显著;(3)邻株植物功能类型对红楠幼树生长具有极显著的影响,影响程度大小依次为落叶阔叶型>落叶阔叶与常绿阔叶的混交型>常绿阔叶型>常绿针叶型,而对存活率无显著影响;(4)红楠幼树的生长与自身大小呈正相关幂函数关系,即基径和树高的生长速率都会随着其自身大小的增加而增加。可见,构建树木生长模型,不仅要考虑地形等环境因子差异,而且要充分考虑邻株植物的功能类群差异、邻株植物相互作用的性质和程度,以及自身个体大小等因素,为渐危和濒危树种的保护提供更为可靠的理论依据。
语种：
中文
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湖南省杉木林植被碳贮量、碳密度及碳吸存潜力
作者：
李斌;方晰;项文化;田大伦
期刊：
林业科学 ,2013年49(3):25-32 ISSN：1001-7488
作者机构：
[田大伦; 方晰; 李斌; 项文化] 中南林业科技大学生命科学与技术学院 长沙410004;[李斌] 国家林业局 北京100714;[田大伦; 方晰; 项文化] 南方林业生态应用技术国家工程实验室 长沙410004
关键词：
杉木林植被;碳贮量;碳密度;碳吸存潜力;湖南省
摘要：
基于湖南省2005和2010年森林资源调查统计数据,结合国家野外科学观测研究站湖南会同杉木林生态系统定位研究站的观测数据,估算湖南省杉木林植被碳贮量、碳密度及碳吸存潜力。结果表明:2005和2010年湖南省杉木林植被碳贮量分别为30.39 × 10~6和32.92 × 10~6 t,均以中龄林的碳贮量最高,分别为17.64 × 10~6和17.31 × 10~6 t;2010年各地州市杉木林植被碳贮量为0.34 × 10~6 ~ 6.45 × 10~6 t;杉木林碳密度随林分龄级增加而增高,过熟林最大(23.90 tC·hm~(-2)以上),2005和2010年湖南省杉木林平均碳密度分别为10.83和12.05 tC·hm~(-2),各地州市杉木林植被碳密度为6.03 ~ 16.58 tC·hm~(-2),基本上呈现出南高北低的趋势;湖南省杉木林植被的现实碳吸存潜力为90.75 × 10~6 t,不同龄级林分的现实碳吸存潜力表现为中龄林(53.62 × 10~6 t) > 近熟林(32.77 × 10~6 t) >幼龄林(4.36 × 10~6 t),各地州市杉木林植被的现实碳吸存潜力为1.18 × 10~6 ~ 17.39 × 10~6 t;湖南省(2010年)现有未成熟杉木林到2020年时的固碳潜力为176.77 × 10~6 t,年固碳潜力为17.68 × 10~6 t·a~(-1),到达成熟阶段(26年生)时固碳潜力为211.67 × 10~6 t。湖南省杉木林分质量不高,中幼龄林所占比重较大,若能对现有杉木林加以更好的抚育管理,湖南省杉木林仍有很大的碳汇潜力。
语种：
中文
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中亚热带石栎-青冈群落物种组成、结构及区系特征
作者：
赵丽娟;项文化;李家湘;邓湘雯;刘聪
期刊：
林业科学 ,2013年49(12):10-17 ISSN：1001-7488
作者机构：
[赵丽娟; 项文化; 邓湘雯; 刘聪] 中南林业科技大学生命科学与技术学院;[李家湘] 中南林业科技大学林学院
关键词：
常绿阔叶林;地理成分;群落结构;中国-日本森林植物区;群落起源
摘要：
利用1 hm~2固定样地数据,分析湖南省长沙县大山冲国有林场石栎-青冈群落的种类组成、群落结构及区系特征。结果表明:群落中胸径≥1 cm的植物共38科55属73种,常绿种(50.68%)和落叶种(49.32%)所占的比例相当,没有大型木质藤本;壳斗科重要值最大,达35.94,是群落的优势建群科;植物种数、个体数量、胸径级和高度级呈倒“J”型分布,表明群落垂直结构的层次分化明显,结构稳定,更新良好;该群落具有典型亚热带区系性质,与日本森林植物群落具有极大的相似性,属于东部典型常绿阔叶林的石栎-青冈群系组,起源应不迟于第三纪。
语种：
中文
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生态学本科专业实践教学模式的改革与实践
作者：
王光军;杨相琴;项文化;朱凡;闫文德;...
期刊：
中南林业科技大学学报(社会科学版) ,2013年7(5):206-210 ISSN：1673-9272
作者机构：
中南林业科技大学生命科学与技术学院,湖南长沙410004
关键词：
生态学专业;本科教育;实践模式
摘要：
实践教学是生态学专业实施人才培养的必然选择.经过多年的研究与实践,中南林业科技大学依据本校生态学科特色、充分利用区域和行业优势资源,打造运转高效、良性循环的实验实习新平台,建成了与理论教学体系有机结合而又相对独立,课内外衔接、校内外联合、产学研结合、融专业教育和综合教育为一体,立体化、多层次的开放式实践教学模式,较好地培养了学生的创新精神、研究能力和综合运用生态技术解决实际问题的能力.
语种：
中文
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Secondary forest floristic composition, structure, and spatial pattern in subtropical China
作者：
Xiang, Wenhua* ;Liu, Shaohui;Lei, Xiangdong;Frank, Shane C.;Tian, Dalun;...
期刊：
Journal of Forest Research ,2013年18(1):111-120 ISSN：1341-6979
通讯作者：
Xiang, Wenhua
作者机构：
[Tian, Dalun; Wang, Guangjun; Liu, Shaohui; Xiang, Wenhua; Deng, Xiangwen] Cent S Univ Forestry & Technol, Fac Life Sci & Technol, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Shaohui] China State Forestry Adm, Dept Dev Planning & Assets Management, Beijing 100714, Peoples R China.;[Lei, Xiangdong] Chinese Acad Forestry, Inst Forest Resource Informat Tech, Beijing 100091, Peoples R China.;[Frank, Shane C.] Univ Freiburg, Inst Silviculture, D-79106 Freiburg, Germany.
通讯机构：
[Xiang, Wenhua] C;Cent S Univ Forestry & Technol, Fac Life Sci & Technol, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Alniphyllum fortunei;Cyclobalanopsis glauca;Forest successional dynamics;Liquidambar formosana;Spatial pattern
摘要：
Secondary evergreen broadleaved forests are precious remnants for biodiversity conservation and templates for sustainable management of natural forests in subtropical China. Floristic composition, size structure, and spatial pattern of dominant tree species have been investigated for a subtropical secondary evergreen broadleaved forest in the Huitong Yingzuijie National Forest Reserve, Hunan, China. The location of all trees greater than 4 cm in diameter at breast height (DBH) were mapped within a 0. 96-ha plot in which species, DBH, and total tree height were recorded. Ripley's K(t) function was used to analyze spatial patterns and associations. The secondary forest consisted of 74 tree species and 1,596 stems per hectare. A reverse-J shaped DBH classes distribution was observed for all stems and trees of later seral species whereas trees of earlier successional species were distributed irregularly. Significant aggregated spatial patterns were observed for all trees within the forest and for conspecific trees of each dominant species. This result, and a repulsive spatial pattern for interspecific trees of Choerospondias axillaries and Cyclobalanopsis glauca against other dominant tree species, support segregation hypothesis. Contributions of seed dispersal, topographic heterogeneity, and competition to spatial patterns of conspecific trees vary depending on tree species. Attractive spatial pattern among interspecific trees of Liquidambarfortunei, Liquidambarformosana, and Pinusmassoniana reflects stochastic colonization of pioneer tree species and a facilitation relationship. Although deciduous species are long-lived and persist over long successional processes, they will eventually be replaced by late seral evergreen species within the secondary forest if no disturbance events occur. ©2011 The Japanese Forest Society and Springer.
语种：
英文
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Climate Warming-induced Upward Shift of Moso Bamboo Population on Tianmu Mountain,China
作者：
Song Xin-zhang;Peng Chang-hui* ;Zhou Guo-mo;Jiang Hong;Wang Wei-feng;...
期刊：
山地科学学报：英文版 ,2013年10(3):363-369 ISSN：1672-6316
通讯作者：
Peng Chang-hui
作者机构：
[Song Xin-zhang; Jiang Hong; Zhou Guo-mo] Zhejiang A&F Univ, Nurturing Stn, State Key Lab Subtrop Silviculture, Linan 311300, Peoples R China.;[Song Xin-zhang; Jiang Hong; Zhou Guo-mo] Zhejiang A&F Univ, Zhejiang Prov Key Lab Carbon Cycling & Carbon Seq, Linan 311300, Peoples R China.;[Peng Chang-hui; Wang Wei-feng] Univ Quebec, Inst Environm Sci, Montreal, PQ H3C 3P8, Canada.;[Peng Chang-hui] Northwest Agr & Forest Univ, Lab Ecol Forecasting & Global Change, Yangling 712100, Peoples R China.;[Xiang Wen-hua] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Fac Life Sci & Technol, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Peng Chang-hui] U;Univ Quebec, Inst Environm Sci, Montreal, PQ H3C 3P8, Canada.
关键词：
Moso bamboo;Climate change;Global warming;Upward shift;Carbon sequestration
摘要：
Although increasing attention has been paid to upward shift of plant species in altitude as a response to global warming,research on this phenomenon at low altitudinal and low latitudinal zones did not receive enough attention.In this study,an investigation was carried out to test the relationship between the upward spread of Moso bamboo(Phyllostachys pubescens) along altitudinal gradient and the increasing air temperature over the past decade within the Tianmu Mountain region,situated in southeastern China.Results showed that the peak elevation of Moso bamboo population establishment rose by an average of 9.8 m(±2.7 m) during the past decade and significant correlation existed with mean annual temperature(P < 0.0001,n = 339) but not with annual precipitation(P = 0.7,n = 339),indicating that the upward shift of Moso bamboo along altitudinal gradients was driven primarily by warming temperatures.This upward shift could potentially reduce biodiversity by altering the species composition of the ecosystem.However,there is also the potential for increased carbon sequestration capacity of local forest systems,which would produce an additional carbon sink to combat rising atmospheric CO _2 concentrations and future global warming.
语种：
英文
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Effects of Increased Nitrogen Deposition and Rotation Length on Long-Term Productivity of Cunninghamia lanceolata Plantation in Southern China
作者：
Zhao, Meifang;Xiang, Wenhua* ;Tian, Dalun;Deng, Xiangwen;Huang, Zhihong;...
期刊：
PLOS ONE ,2013年8(2):e55376- ISSN：1932-6203
通讯作者：
Xiang, Wenhua
作者机构：
[Tian, Dalun; Zhao, Meifang; Huang, Zhihong; Xiang, Wenhua; Peng, Changhui; Deng, Xiangwen] Cent S Univ Forestry & Technol, Fac Life Sci & Technol, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Zhou, Xiaolu; Peng, Changhui] Univ Quebec, Dept Biol Sci, Inst Environm Sci, Montreal, PQ H3C 3P8, Canada.
通讯机构：
[Xiang, Wenhua] C;Cent S Univ Forestry & Technol, Fac Life Sci & Technol, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Forests;Forest ecology;Wood;Trees;Biomass (ecology);Ecosystems;Productivity (ecology);Simulation and modeling
摘要：
Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook. has been widely planted in subtropical China to meet increasing timber demands, leading to short-rotation practices that deplete soil nutrients. However, increased nitrogen (N) deposition offsets soil N depletion. While long-term experimental data investigating the coupled effects related to short rotation practices and increasing N deposition are scarce, applying model simulations may yield insights. In this study, the CenW3.1 model was validated and parameterized using data from pure C. lanceolata plantations. The model was then used to simulate various changes in long-term productivity. Results indicated that responses of productivity of C. lanceolata plantation to increased N deposition were more related to stand age than N addition, depending on the proportion and age of growing forests. Our results have also shown a rapid peak in growth and N dynamics. The peak is reached sooner and is higher under higher level of N deposition. Short rotation lengths had a greater effect on productivity and N dynamics than high N deposition levels. Productivity and N dynamics decreased as the rotation length decreased. Total productivity levels suggest that a 30-year rotation length maximizes productivity at the 4.9 kg N ha−1 year−1 deposition level. For a specific rotation length, higher N deposition levels resulted in greater overall ecosystem C and N storage, but this positive correlation tendency gradually slowed down with increasing N deposition levels. More pronounced differences in N deposition levels occurred as rotation length decreased. To sustain C. lanceolata plantation productivity without offsite detrimental N effects, the appropriate rotation length is about 20–30 years for N deposition levels below 50 kg N ha−1 year−1 and about 15–20 years for N deposition levels above 50 kg N ha−1 year−1. These results highlight the importance of assessing N effects on carbon management and the long-term productivity of forest ecosystems.
语种：
英文
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Differences in fine root traits between early and late-successional tree species in a Chinese subtropical forest
作者：
Xiang, Wenhua* ;Wu, Wei;Tong, Jie;Deng, Xiangwen;Tian, Dalun;...
期刊：
FORESTRY ,2013年86(3):343-351 ISSN：0015-752X
通讯作者：
Xiang, Wenhua
作者机构：
[Tian, Dalun; Xiang, Wenhua; Wu, Wei; Peng, Changhui; Liu, Cong; Tong, Jie; Zhang, Lei; Deng, Xiangwen] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Fac Life Sci & Technol, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Peng, Changhui] Univ Quebec, Inst Environm Sci, Dept Biol Sci, Montreal, PQ H3C 3P8, Canada.
通讯机构：
[Xiang, Wenhua] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Fac Life Sci & Technol, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.
摘要：
The aim of this study was to compare fine root (≤2 mm diameter) traits (i.e. biomass distribution and architecture) of three tree species (Alniphyllum fortunei, Liquidambar formosana and Cyclobalanopsis glauca) growing in a mixed-species stand in a subtropical forest. Fine root samples were collected using soil cores. The collected samples were scanned with the Win-RHIZO system to analyse architectural parameters and were then oven-dried to determine dry mass. Fine roots of the three species were mainly distributed in the top 15 cm of soil and decreased with soil depth across all horizontal distances. C. glauca had the highest fine root biomass at 15-30 cm depth at 1.0 m from the tree trunk. The specific fine root area (SRA) and the length (SRL) were the highest for C. glauca, followed by L. formosana and A. fortunei. These species use different soil exploitation strategies. The early-successional species (A. fortunei and L. formosana) increase their fine root biomass and length through high carbon investment, whereas late-successional species (C. glauca) increase nutrient uptake efficiency via changes in fine root morphology and higher SRA and SRL values. In secondary broadleaved forest management and mixed plantation establishment, root trait differences among tree species and their effects on belowground competition and species coexistence should be considered. © Institute of Chartered Foresters, 2013. All rights reserved.
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英文
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Spatial patterns and climate drivers of carbon fluxes in terrestrial ecosystems of China
作者：
Yu, Gui-Rui* ;Zhu, Xian-Jin;Fu, Yu-Ling;He, Hong-Lin;Wang, Qiu-Feng;...
期刊：
Global Change Biology ,2013年19(3):798-810 ISSN：1354-1013
通讯作者：
Yu, Gui-Rui
作者机构：
[Su, Wen; Wang, Qiu-Feng; Wen, Xue-Fa; Li, Xuan-Ran; Zhang, Lei-Ming; Shi, Pei-Li; Zhu, Xian-Jin; Fu, Yu-Ling; Yu, Gui-Rui; Wang, Hui-Min; Li, Sheng-Gong; Zhang, Li; He, Hong-Lin; Sun, Xiao-Min; Zhao, Feng-Hua] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Ecosyst Network Observat & Modeling, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Synth Res Ctr Chinese Ecosyst Res Network, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China.;[Li, Xuan-Ran; Zhu, Xian-Jin; Wang, Yan-Fen] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Yi-Ping] Chinese Acad Sci, Xishuangbanna Trop Bot Garden, Key Lab Trop Forest Ecol, Menglun 666303, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Jun-Hui] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Appl Ecol, Shenyang 110016, Peoples R China.;[Yan, Jun-Hua] Chinese Acad Sci, S China Bot Garden, Guangzhou 510650, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Yu, Gui-Rui] C;Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Ecosyst Network Observat & Modeling, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Synth Res Ctr Chinese Ecosyst Res Network, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China.
关键词：
China;driving force;ecosystem respiration;gross ecosystem productivity;net ecosystem productivity;regional carbon budget;spatial variation;terrestrial ecosystems
摘要：
Understanding the dynamics and underlying mechanism of carbon exchange between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere is one of the key issues in global change research. In this study, we quantified the carbon fluxes in different terrestrial ecosystems in China, and analyzed their spatial variation and environmental drivers based on the long-term observation data of ChinaFLUX sites and the published data from other flux sites in China. The results indicate that gross ecosystem productivity (GEP), ecosystem respiration (ER), and net ecosystem productivity (NEP) of terrestrial ecosystems in China showed a significantly latitudinal pattern, declining linearly with the increase of latitude. However, GEP, ER, and NEP did not present a clear longitudinal pattern. The carbon sink functional areas of terrestrial ecosystems in China were mainly located in the subtropical and temperate forests, coastal wetlands in eastern China, the temperate meadow steppe in the northeast China, and the alpine meadow in eastern edge of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. The forest ecosystems had stronger carbon sink than grassland ecosystems. The spatial patterns of GEP and ER in China were mainly determined by mean annual precipitation (MAP) and mean annual temperature (MAT), whereas the spatial variation in NEP was largely explained by MAT. The combined effects of MAT and MAP explained 79%, 62%, and 66% of the spatial variations in GEP, ER, and NEP, respectively. The GEP, ER, and NEP in different ecosystems in China exhibited 'positive coupling correlation' in their spatial patterns. Both ER and NEP were significantly correlated with GEP, with 68% of the per-unit GEP contributed to ER and 29% to NEP. MAT and MAP affected the spatial patterns of ER and NEP mainly by their direct effects on the spatial pattern of GEP. © 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
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英文
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Application of TRIPLEX model for predicting Cunninghamia lanceolata and Pinus massoniana forest stand production in Hunan Province, southern China
作者：
Zhao, Meifang;Xiang, Wenhua* ;Deng, Xiangwen;Tian, Dalun;Huang, Zhihong;...
期刊：
Ecological Modelling ,2013年250:58-71 ISSN：0304-3800
通讯作者：
Xiang, Wenhua
作者机构：
[Tian, Dalun; Zhao, Meifang; Huang, Zhihong; Xiang, Wenhua; Peng, Changhui; Deng, Xiangwen] Cent S Univ Forestry & Technol, Fac Life Sci & Technol, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Zhou, Xiaolu; Peng, Changhui] Univ Quebec, Dept Biol Sci, Inst Environm Sci, Montreal, PQ H3C 3P8, Canada.;[He, Honglin; Yu, Guirui] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Xiang, Wenhua] C;Cent S Univ Forestry & Technol, Fac Life Sci & Technol, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Carbon storage;NPP prediction;Subtropical coniferous forest;TRIPLEX model;Validation
摘要：
The process-based hybrid model is a promising tool for predicting forest stand production on regional scales. TRIPLEX1.6 was adapted and parameterized to simulate Cunninghamia lanceolata and Pinus massoniana forest stand production in Hunan Province, China, using data from permanent sample plots established by the National Forest Inventory of China (CNFI). Monthly maximum and minimum air temperature and precipitation (derived from interpolation of the data collected at 369 meteorological stations in Hunan between 2000 and 2009) were used to run the model. Model calibrations and simulations were performed through threshold parameters and initial statuses at a regional scale. The species- and site-specific sensitive parameters were adjusted for estimating tree growth rate of different stand age or diameter at breast height (DBH). The improved parameterize procedure actually did increase model practicability. The site and species data for model validation were achieved by applying half the 2009 permanent sample plot data. Estimated stand average tree height (H), DBH, and biomass were validated against the other half of the 2009 data. Simulated results were consistent with the observed data in Hunan Province. Coefficients of determination (r2) of predicted and observed data were 0.83 for H, 0.82 for DBH, 0.90 for aboveground biomass, and 0.94 for total biomass, indicating that TRIPLEX1.6 is capable in predicting forest growth and biomass dynamics of subtropical coniferous forests. Moreover, independent validations determined that TRIPLEX1.6 demonstrated competence in extrapolating outcomes on regional scales as well as withstanding rigorous testing in predicting C storage in subtropical forest ecosystems. © 2012 Elsevier B.V.
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英文
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