摘要：
Liriodendron chinense (Hemsl.) Sarg (Chinese tulip tree) has a long history of utilization and plantation, but the chemical components of benzene/ethanol extractives of Liriodendron chinense (Hemsl.) Sarg leaves were unrevealed. The analytical result by method of GC/MS showed that the chemical components of benzene/ethanol extractives of freeze-dried Liriodendron chinense were identified as 55 constituent, and the main components are as: 2-Propenenitrile, 2-chloro- (13.75%), 1-Mercapto-2-heptadecanon (13.10 %), 1-Mercapto-2-heptadecanon (12.77%), Ethanol, 2-butoxy- (12.03%), 1-Docosanol (10.74%), Guanidine, (4-aminobutyl)- (5.05%), 5,10-Pentadecadiyn-1-ol, acetate (4.82%), 1,2,4-Butanetriol (3.13%), Thiophene, 2-ethyltetrahydro- (2.09%), 1-Eicosanol (2.00%), 1-Butanol, 3-methyl-, formate (1.60%), Butanoic acid (1.60%), .alpha.-D-Xylofuranoside, methyl 3,5-di-O-methyl- (1.30%), Phenol, 2,6-dimethoxy-4-(2-propenyl)- (1.29%),5.alpha.-Pregnane-12,20-dione (1.12%), Cyclopentanol (0.82%), etc. As the first report here, our result by GC/MS showed that the benzene-methanol extractive of freeze-dried leaves from Liriodendron chinense (Hemsl.) Sarg can be developed into top value-added materials of medicines and spicery.
摘要：
Tea oil comes from unique woody oil trees in South China and is one of the four woody edible oils in the world. Tea oil is the edible oil obtained by squeezing mature seeds of oil tea. The unsaturated fatty acid content in tea oil can reach as much as 90%, which is the highest amount so far for unsaturated fatty acid in edible oil. The content of catechin in oil tea is about 80%, which have good whitening and anti-oxidation effects. Tea polyphenol is a natural antioxidant with significant antioxidation, which can eliminate free radicals, protect cell membrane structures, etc. Camellia saponin has many functions: Anti-permeability, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anticancer, etc. Squalene is a kind of polyphenolic active composition with good oxygen-enriched capacity in oil tea. This paper summarizes the fatty acid composition and some functional components of tea oil, and its functions of anti-tumor, lipid-lowering, liver and heart protection, antisepsis and anti-inflammation, coronary heart disease prevention, delay of atherosclerosis, anti-oxidation, and regulation of the immune function. This paper aims to lay the foundation for further study and use of the medicine and health functions of tea oil.
作者机构：
[Zhou Guoying; Zhang Huaiyun; Li He] Cent S Univ Forestry & Technol, Biotechnol Core Facil, Coll Forestry, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Li He] C;Cent S Univ Forestry & Technol, Biotechnol Core Facil, Coll Forestry, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.
会议名称：
International Conference on Micro Nano Devices, Structure and Computing Systems
会议时间：
NOV 06-07, 2010
会议地点：
Int Sci & Engn Ctr, Singapore, SINGAPORE
会议主办单位：
Int Sci & Engn Ctr
会议论文集名称：
Advanced Materials Research
关键词：
Bamboo timber;Environmental protection type fiber material;Natural bamboo fiber;Research status
摘要：
The natural bamboo fiber is a green environmental protection type fiber material extracted from bamboo. Compared with other fibers, it has better permeability, unique resilience, transient water absorption, antibacterial activity, deodorant activity, and a strong lateral and longitudinal strength. This paper reviews the structure of natural bamboo fiber and its characteristics, physical morphology, chemical composition, hygroscopicity and moisture liberation, antibacterial activity, anti-ultraviolet function, spinning performance of the development and utilization status of bamboo fiber, which provides reference for the research and utilization of natural bamboo fiber.
摘要：
Aqueous extraction and alkaline (NaOH) hydrolysis method were comparatively studied in polysaccharides extraction from submerged-cultured Agaricus blazei mycelia. The results show that the polysaccharide content and the total extract rate from alkaline extraction method were obviously higher than those from the aqueous extraction method. Optimization results by the orthogonal matrix method on polysaccharide extraction from A. blazei show that the optimum alkaline concentration was 1.0 mol/L, hydrolysis temperature 60 degrees C, hydrolysis time 1 hour, and liquid: solid ratio 15. With the optimized condition, the polysaccharide extraction rate reached 11.93 +/- 0.68 %. The mycelial polysaccharide obtained with alkaline hydrolysis method was fractionated by the DEAE column chromatography. Five APS fractions were isolated in the polysaccharide sample with APS-1 as the main component.
期刊：
African Journal of Microbiology Research,2010年4(24):2735-2741 ISSN：1996-0808
通讯作者：
Liu, Gao-Qiang
作者机构：
[Zhang, Huai-Yun; Liu, Gao-Qiang; Han, Wen-Jun; Wang, Xiao-Ling; Lin, Qin-Lu] Cent S Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Life Sci & Technol, Hunan Prov Key Lab Forestry Biotechnol, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Ren, Guo-Pu; Liu, Gao-Qiang; Lin, Qin-Lu] Cent S Univ Forestry & Technol, Natl Engn Lab Grain Proc, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Ren, Guo-Pu] Hunan AVA Dairy Co Ltd, Changsha 410200, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Liu, Gao-Qiang] C;Cent S Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Life Sci & Technol, Hunan Prov Key Lab Forestry Biotechnol, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the critical medium ingredients of Ganoderma sinense. A central composite design (CCD) was employed to determine the maximum biomass and extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) yields at optimum levels for glucose;peptone and KH2PO4. A mathematical model was then developed to show the effect of each medium composition and their interactions on the production of mycelial biomass and EPS. The model predicted the maximum biomass yield of 12.58 g/l that appeared at glucose;peptone;KH2PO4 of 42.0 5.28 and 0.77 g/l;respectively;while a maximum of EPS yield of 309.6 mg/l appeared at glucose;peptone;KH2PO4 of 45.4 4.98 and 0.79 g/l;respectively. These predicted values were also verified by validation experiments. The excellent correlation between predicted and measured values of each model justifies the validity of both the response models. The results of bioreactor fermentation also show that the optimized culture medium enhanced both biomass (13.01± 0.36 g/l) and EPS (352 ± 7.9 mg/l) production by G.sinense in a large-scale fermentation process.
摘要：
Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the critical medium ingredients of Ganoderma sinense. A central composite design (CCD) was employed to determine the maximum biomass and extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) yields at optimum levels for glucose, peptone and KH(2)PO(4). A mathematical model was then developed to show the effect of each medium composition and their interactions on the production of mycelial biomass and EPS. The model predicted the maximum biomass yield of 12.58 g/l that appeared at glucose, peptone, KH(2)PO(4) of 42.0 5.28 and 0.77 g/l, respectively; while a maximum of EPS yield of 309.6 mg/l appeared at glucose, peptone, KH(2)PO(4) of 45.4 4.98 and 0.79 g/l, respectively. These predicted values were also verified by validation experiments. The excellent correlation between predicted and measured values of each model justifies the validity of both the response models. The results of bioreactor fermentation also show that the optimized culture medium enhanced both biomass (13.01 +/- 0.36 g/l) and EPS (352 +/- 7.9 mg/l) production by G. sinense in a large-scale fermentation process.
会议论文集名称：
2010 4th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering. [v.1.1]
关键词：
Traditional Chinese medicine;Medicinal insect;Identification;Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
摘要：
Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to study the compounds from ether extract of Catharsius molossus L., the traditional Chinese medicine, ' dung beetle '. Over twenty kinds of compounds from the ether extract were detected, and fifteen compounds whose match index was more than 800 were identified. All the identified compounds belonged to fatty acids, and the extract was rich in unsaturated fatty acids. The compound with its characteristic retention peak at 7.87 min was 9-Octadecenoic acid, its content reached 34.62 %, and followed was hexadecanoic acid with 21.06 % of content. In addition, the compound with its characteristic retention peak at 8.71 min was 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (linoleic acid), reaching 8.07 % of all the content, which is an important healthy substance, and has anti-cancer activity. The anticancer effect of C. molossus might be related to the unsaturated fatty acid, linoleic acid. The results were useful to help us to know the chemical constituents of the insect-based medicine, and the potential related active substances responsible for the anti-cancer effect of the medicine.
摘要：
To screen stimulators from Chinese medicinal insects for mycelial growth and ganoderic acid (GA) production by Ganoderma sinense, the fungus was inoculated into the media with and without supplementation of a medicinal insect extract. The results show that all the water and ether extracts from the medicinal insects had no significant stimulatory effect on the biomass production (P > 0.05), and the extracts of Hydrotrechus remigator and Mylabris phalerata significantly inhibited the mycelial growth. However, the ether extract of Eupolyphaga sinensis at a concentration of 60 mgL -1 led to a significant increase in GA concentration from 187.6 ± 8.32 to 251.3 ± 11.27 mgL -1 (P < 0.01). Analysis of fermentation kinetics of G. sinense suggests that glucose concentration in the E. sinensis extract treatment group decreased more quickly as compared to the control group in the last 4 days of fermentation process, while the GA biosynthesis was promoted at the same period. However, the culture pH profile was not affected by the addition of the ether extract of E. sinensis . Key words : Medicinal fungus, Ganoderma sinense, submerged fermentation, Eupolyphaga sinensis, ganoderic acid.
摘要：
Chitin deacetylase (CDA) catalyzes the conversion of chitin to chitosan by the deacetylation of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues. In this study, 9 strains of bacteria with chitin deacetylase activity were isolated from canal mud samples from the Xiangjiang River in Changsha, Hunan Province. Of these 9 strains, the Z7 strain had the highest chitin deacetylase activity, as determined by enzyme assay screening. Based on its culture, morphological, physiological characteristics and molecular identification, strain Z7 was identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. Yeast extract at a concentration of 1.0% was an ideal nitrogen source for production of CDA (16.78 Eu/ml). Starch at 2% functioned best as the major carbon source for optimum production of CDA (17.84 Eu/ml). Magnesium sulfate at a concentration of 0.04% was an ideal inorganic salt for CDA production (17.45 Eu/ml). Ideal pH and temperature for optimum production of CDA by this strain were pH 6 and 37 degrees C.
摘要：
Pycnoporus cinnabarinus is a plant pathogen. It is common in many areas and is widely distributed throughout the world. Laccases of are some of the few oxidoreductases commercialized as industrial catalysts. In the present study, some characters of the amino acid sequence of P.cinnabarinus laccase (Lac1) were predicted and analyzed with the tools of bioinformatics. These results showed that the protein was composed of 20 kinds of amino acid; the theoretical pI of manganese peroxidase was 4.81 and the theoretical molecular weight of manganese peroxidase was 56292.0 Da; total number of atoms was 7806; the extinction coefficient was 58120 (280 nm). The N-terminal of the sequence considered was M (Met) and the estimated half-life was 30 hours (mammalian reticulocytes, in vitro). The instability index (II) was computed to be 34.50; this classifies the protein as stable. Aliphatic index was 82.64. Grand average of hydropathicity (GRAVY) was -0.063. There were 8 glycosylation sites, a signal peptide and conserved domains.
摘要：
Chinese medicinal insects were added into the media to investigate their effects on the mycelial growth and polysaccharide formation by Ganoderma lucidum SCIM 0819. The experiments were carried out in submerged fermentation using shake flasks. The results show that addition of C. molossus at 5.0 g/L lead to significant increase in intracellular polysaccharides (IPS) concentration from 1.48 ± 0.12 g/L to 1.85 ± 0.17 g/L. However, it had no stimulatory effects on cell growth (P > 0.05). Other types of insects could not stimulate IPS formation, and all the insects showed inhibitory effect with an increase in the concentration. We further studied the effect of addition of C. molossus on IPS components of G. lucidum. The results indicate that there were no new components in IPS obtained by the addition of C. molossus, suggesting the biosynthetic pathways of IPS had not been changed.
摘要：
Chitin deacetylase (CDA) is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of acetamine groups of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine in chitin. Chitin deacetylase converting chitin to chitosan in fungal cell walls. A total of 208 strains was isolated from soil samples in the riverbank of Xiangjiang River and an island of Zhanjiang. 12 CDA producing strains was founded by color reaction that including three fungus, two bacterias and four actinomycetes. The highest CDA producing strain Z7 had been screened by enzyme activity assays. 16S gene of the strain was amplified and sequenced. The 16S gene sequence data were deposited in the GenBank nucleotide sequence database. The 16S gene sequences were aligned with the multiple - sequence alignment software Clustal S. Similarity values were calculated using the software MegAlign. Phylogenetic and molecular evolutionary analyses were conducted using MEGA by the neighbor - joining algorithms. Aphylogenetic tree was constructed by comparing with the published 16S gene regions of the related bacteria species. In the phylogenetic tree the overall similarity value between strain Z7 and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens are 99%. The wild strain was classfy as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens.
摘要：
Cordyceps militaris, a kind of caterpillar fungus, has therapeutic effects including immunoregulative, anticancer, antibacterial and antifungal effects. Aqueous extraction and alkaline (NaOH) hydrolysis method were comparatively studied in polysaccharides extraction from submerged-cultured C. militaris mycelia. The results indicate that the polysaccharide content and the total extract rate from alkaline extraction method were obviously higher than those from the aqueous extraction method. The extraction process parameters of alkaline extraction were further optimized using response surface methodology (RSM), and a mathematical model was then developed to show the effect of each extraction condition and their interactions on the polysaccharide extraction. The model predicted the optimum alkaline concentration was 1.6 mol/L, extraction temperature 56.7 square, extraction time 1.94, and the extraction rate was 11.57%. Furthermore, verification of the calculated optimum of the model was done with a condition representing this maximum point and obtaining a extraction rate of 11.12 %. The good correlation between predicted and measured values of these experiments justifies the validity of the response model and the existence of an optimum point.
摘要：
Some filamentous fungi were screened as potential oleaginous microorganisms for production of microbial lipid. The results showed that filamentous fungus Strain SCIM04 displayed the most potential ability in producing microbial lipid, the lipid content of cells reached 50.93%, and the lipid yield was 8.4 +/- 0.42 g /L. Furthermore, the components profile of the lipid were analyzed. The results revealed that the lipid was abundant in saturated long chain fatty acids (C16: 0) and low degree unsaturated long chain fatty acid (C18: 1), suggesting the lipid could be used for biodiesel production. The optimum media for the biomass and lipid production by the strain were maltose as carbon source with initial concentration 60 g/L, NaNO3 as nitrogen source at 3.0 g/L. The lipid content of cells highly reached 59.9%, and the lipid yield was 10.9 +/- 0.38 g/L, in the optimized media.
摘要：
Gibberella moniliformis is a common disease in C. oleifera, and always results in significant economic losses. Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase is a critical gluconeogenic enzyme and catalyzes the first committed step in the diversion of tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates toward gluconeogenesis. According to the relative conservation of homologous gene, a bioinformatics strategy was applied to clone phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase gene of Gibberella moniliformis by blasting search of EST database with homologous gene cDNA of Neurospora crassa and identified. Some characters of the PEPCK that can encode amino acid were analyzed and predicted by the tools of bioinformatics in the following aspects, including the composition of amino acid sequences, physical and chemical, O-glycosylation site and tertiary structure of protein and function. These results showed that the full-length of PEPCK was 1962 bp and it contained a complete ORF (1671bp), encoded 556 amino acids, which are much conserved in ascomycetes. The calculated molecular weight of PEPCK was 61893.1 Da, theoretical pI of 5.77, 20 a-helix, 37 sheets, 7 glycosylation sites; it was a stable protein with active site ATP -binding site, metal-binding site and substrate-binding site.
