摘要：
Developing biomass platform compounds into high value-added chemicals is a key step in renewable resource utilization. Herein, we report porous carbon-supported Ni-ZnO nanoparticles catalyst (Ni-ZnO/AC) synthesized via low-temperature coprecipitation, exhibiting excellent performance for the selective hydrogenation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). A linear correlation is first observed between solvent polarity (ET(30)) and product selectivity within both polar aprotic and protic solvent classes, suggesting that solvent properties play a vital role in directing reaction pathways. Among these, 1,4-dioxane (aprotic) favors the formation of 2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)furan (BHMF) with 97.5% selectivity, while isopropanol (iPrOH, protic) promotes 2,5-dimethylfuran production with up to 99.5% selectivity. Mechanistic investigations further reveal that beyond polarity, proton-donating ability is critical in facilitating hydrodeoxygenation. iPrOH enables a hydrogen shuttle mechanism where protons assist in hydroxyl group removal, lowering the activation barrier. In contrast, 1,4-dioxane, lacking hydrogen bond donors, stabilizes BHMF and hinders further conversion. Density functional theory calculations confirm a lower activation energy in iPrOH (0.60 eV) compared to 1,4-dioxane (1.07 eV). This work offers mechanistic insights and a practical strategy for solvent-mediated control of product selectivity in biomass hydrogenation, highlighting the decisive role of solvent-catalyst-substrate interactions.Graphical AbstractA porous carbon-supported Ni-ZnO nanoparticles catalyst (Ni-ZnO/AC) enables solvent-regulated selective hydrogenation of HMF to high-value chemicals (BHMF/DMF), among solvent-catalyst interaction modulates HDO behavior, with lower activation energy in iPrOH versus 1,4-dioxane.
期刊：
Wood Science and Technology,2025年59(2):1-18 ISSN：0043-7719
通讯作者：
Luo, H;Zuo, YF
作者机构：
[Luo, Hong; Luo, H; Xie, Zhijie; Ma, Shuai; Liao, Kai; Li, Lijun] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Engn Res Ctr Forestry Equipment Hunan Prov, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;[Luo, Hong; Luo, H; Xie, Zhijie; Ma, Shuai; Liao, Kai; Li, Lijun] Natl Forestry & Grassland Engn Technol Res Ctr Har, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;[Zuo, YF; Zuo, Yingfeng] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Luo, H ; Zuo, YF ] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Engn Res Ctr Forestry Equipment Hunan Prov, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;Natl Forestry & Grassland Engn Technol Res Ctr Har, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Compressive creep tests (CCTs) are widely used in viscoelastic characterisation of wood. However, the prevalent use of dry friction conditions in wood CCTs often introduces considerable uncertainties into the acquired creep data. To address this critical issue, this study proposes a simple yet more accurate CCT-based strategy for viscoelastic characterisation of wood. In this strategy, oil-lubricated conditions are first designed to reduce interfacial friction in CCTs, followed by optimally fitting of the obtained creep data using multi-element (generalised) viscoelastic models. To validate this strategy, comparative CCTs of typical pinewood samples under both oil-lubricated and dry-friction conditions are conducted, and numerical simulations of the CCTs are further performed. The results indicate that: (i) the axial deformation of pinewood in dry-friction CCTs can be significantly underestimated (by up to 28.45%), leading to unrealistic creep data and viscoelastic parameters. (ii) Viscoelastic parameters calibrated from lubricated CCTs can achieve the desired creep prediction accuracy (97.09%), demonstrating a 19.28% improvement over those from unlubricated CCTs. The findings of this study highlight the critical role of reducing interfacial friction in CCTs of the pinewood, with broader implications for the accurate characterisation and prediction of the creep behavior in various woods and timber structures.
摘要：
The photocatalytic TiO 2 has been regarded as a promising catalyst of nonbiodegradable organic pollutants in wastewater. Resolving some issues of agglomeration, recoverability, and poor efficiency, an inorganic TiO 2 -based catalyst has been constructed by a template method, which picks out bamboo fibers originating from processing waste. Characterization of the hollow fibrous TiO 2 /Fe 3 O 4 catalyst confirms the successful loading of Fe 3 O 4 and TiO 2 , along with a well-developed macroporous structure and high porosity (67.46%). At a solar intensity of 1 kW/m 2 , when the amount of TiO 2 /Fe 3 O 4 is 0.3 g and the amount of H 2 O 2 added is 3 mL, its degradation effect of 88.36% on industrial dye wastewater is optimal. The high magnetic saturation strength (5.78 emu/g) endows TiO 2 /Fe 3 O 4 with ultra-high magnetic properties. As expected, after 10 catalytic cycles, the average degradation rate of TiO 2 /Fe 3 O 4 toward methylene blue (MB) (0.2 L, 10 mg/L) remains above 96.2%, indicating that TiO 2 /Fe 3 O 4 has ultra-high recyclability and repeatability. Furthermore, the degradation kinetics analysis shows that TiO 2 /Fe 3 O 4 exhibits complete degradation of MB within 1 h and the degradation follows quasi-primary kinetics ( k = 06062 min −1 , R 2 = 0.99747). Free radical burst experiments also indicate that hydroxyl radicals are active species that may play a major role in the solar-photo-Fenton system.
通讯机构：
[Yang, GH ] D;[Tsubaki, N ; Yang, GH; Shao, LS] U;[Zhang, PP ; Shao, LS ] C;[Yu, ZX ] S;Shaoxing Univ, Inst New Energy, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Shaoxing 312000, Peoples R China.
摘要：
This study presents a one-step catalytic synthesis of unsaturated esters (methyl acrylate, MA; methyl methacrylate, MMA) from methanol (MeOH, C1 source) and methyl acetate (MAc) via a Cu–Cs dual-engine-driven (DED) system that integrates four sequential steps—dehydrogenation, aldol condensation, hydrogenation, and secondary aldol condensation. The Cu-engine facilitates proton transfer by capturing protons during MeOH dehydrogenation and donating them in methyl acrylate (MA) hydrogenation, while the Cs-engine activates saturated esters for formaldehyde-mediated aldol condensation. Through systematic optimization of Cu loading methods, deposition sequences, and Cu/Cs ratios, we developed a silicon carrier channel-expanding strategy, enlarging mesopores from 14 nm to 20 nm (30% specific surface area extension) via copper phyllosilicate-induced corrosion. Catalytic performance hinges on balanced medium-strength acid–base sites, a 10 : 7 Cs/Cu ratio, and sequential Cu/Cs loading via the ammonia evaporation method. The optimized 10Cs/7Cu/Q10 catalyst, combined with a downstream Cs–Al/Q10 system, achieves 64.0% unsaturated ester selectivity (55.3% MeOH and 59.8% methyl acetate conversion). This work establishes a design framework for efficient Cu–Cs catalysts in one-step ester synthesis, emphasizing pore engineering, acid–base synergy, and dual-site cooperativity.
This study presents a one-step catalytic synthesis of unsaturated esters (methyl acrylate, MA; methyl methacrylate, MMA) from methanol (MeOH, C1 source) and methyl acetate (MAc) via a Cu–Cs dual-engine-driven (DED) system that integrates four sequential steps—dehydrogenation, aldol condensation, hydrogenation, and secondary aldol condensation. The Cu-engine facilitates proton transfer by capturing protons during MeOH dehydrogenation and donating them in methyl acrylate (MA) hydrogenation, while the Cs-engine activates saturated esters for formaldehyde-mediated aldol condensation. Through systematic optimization of Cu loading methods, deposition sequences, and Cu/Cs ratios, we developed a silicon carrier channel-expanding strategy, enlarging mesopores from 14 nm to 20 nm (30% specific surface area extension) via copper phyllosilicate-induced corrosion. Catalytic performance hinges on balanced medium-strength acid–base sites, a 10 : 7 Cs/Cu ratio, and sequential Cu/Cs loading via the ammonia evaporation method. The optimized 10Cs/7Cu/Q10 catalyst, combined with a downstream Cs–Al/Q10 system, achieves 64.0% unsaturated ester selectivity (55.3% MeOH and 59.8% methyl acetate conversion). This work establishes a design framework for efficient Cu–Cs catalysts in one-step ester synthesis, emphasizing pore engineering, acid–base synergy, and dual-site cooperativity.
通讯机构：
[Liang, J ] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;Hunan Prov Key Lab Mat Surface & Interface Sci & T, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Transition metal phosphides;Metal-organic frameworks;Electrochemical deposition;Overall water splitting
摘要：
Transition metal phosphides (TMPs) have emerged as promising candidates for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) due to their tunable phases and electronic structures. However, the development of bifunctional electrocatalysts that effectively balance HER and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) for overall water splitting presents a significant challenge. In this work, we report a novel cauliflower-like bimetallic phosphide, CoMo-P, synthesized on ZIF-67-derived NiCo layered double hydroxide (LDH) through a formic acid-assisted electrochemical phosphating process. This innovative approach not only enhances catalytic efficiency for both HER and OER but also offers a rapid, environmentally friendly, and straightforward fabrication method. The incorporation of formic acid during the electrodeposition process plays a crucial role in optimizing the catalyst's composition and microstructure. Specifically, formic acid facilitates the reduction rate of hypophosphite and stabilizes charged intermediates, thereby reducing the electrodeposition energy barrier and enhancing phosphating efficiency. As a result, the CoMo-P(NCL)/NF electrode demonstrates exceptional HER performance in alkaline media, achieving overpotentials of 55 mV and 108 mV at current densities of 10 and 50 mA cm ‑ 2 , respectively, significantly outperforming the control sample without formic acid addition (η 10 = 80.4 mV, η 50 = 142 mV). Moreover, the electrode exhibits remarkable OER activity with overpotentials of 273 mV and 310 mV at 10 and 50 mA cm ‑ 2 , respectively. When employed as a bifunctional catalyst for overall water splitting, the CoMo-P(NCL)/NF electrode pair requires a low cell voltage of 1.574 V to achieve a current density of 10 mA cm ‑ 2 , surpassing the performance of numerous reported bifunctional catalysts. This study provides a promising strategy for the rational design and practical application of high-performance bifunctional electrocatalysts in sustainable energy conversion systems.
Transition metal phosphides (TMPs) have emerged as promising candidates for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) due to their tunable phases and electronic structures. However, the development of bifunctional electrocatalysts that effectively balance HER and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) for overall water splitting presents a significant challenge. In this work, we report a novel cauliflower-like bimetallic phosphide, CoMo-P, synthesized on ZIF-67-derived NiCo layered double hydroxide (LDH) through a formic acid-assisted electrochemical phosphating process. This innovative approach not only enhances catalytic efficiency for both HER and OER but also offers a rapid, environmentally friendly, and straightforward fabrication method. The incorporation of formic acid during the electrodeposition process plays a crucial role in optimizing the catalyst's composition and microstructure. Specifically, formic acid facilitates the reduction rate of hypophosphite and stabilizes charged intermediates, thereby reducing the electrodeposition energy barrier and enhancing phosphating efficiency. As a result, the CoMo-P(NCL)/NF electrode demonstrates exceptional HER performance in alkaline media, achieving overpotentials of 55 mV and 108 mV at current densities of 10 and 50 mA cm ‑ 2 , respectively, significantly outperforming the control sample without formic acid addition (η 10 = 80.4 mV, η 50 = 142 mV). Moreover, the electrode exhibits remarkable OER activity with overpotentials of 273 mV and 310 mV at 10 and 50 mA cm ‑ 2 , respectively. When employed as a bifunctional catalyst for overall water splitting, the CoMo-P(NCL)/NF electrode pair requires a low cell voltage of 1.574 V to achieve a current density of 10 mA cm ‑ 2 , surpassing the performance of numerous reported bifunctional catalysts. This study provides a promising strategy for the rational design and practical application of high-performance bifunctional electrocatalysts in sustainable energy conversion systems.
作者：
Yuan, Jianzhong;Wan, Caichao*;Wei, Song;Chai, Huayun;Tao, Tao
期刊：
CURRENT ORGANIC SYNTHESIS,2025年22(1):24-35 ISSN：1570-1794
通讯作者：
Wan, Caichao;Tao, T;Wan, CC
作者机构：
[Tao, T; Wei, Song; Yuan, Jianzhong; Tao, Tao; Wan, Caichao; Chai, Huayun; Wan, CC] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;[Wan, Caichao; Wan, CC] Yihua Lifestyle Technol Co Ltd, Shantou 515834, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Tao, T ; Wan, CC] C;[Wan, CC ] Y;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;Yihua Lifestyle Technol Co Ltd, Shantou 515834, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Background Nanocellulose is not only a biocompatible and environmentally friendly material but also has excellent mechanical properties, biodegradability, and a large number of hydroxyl groups that have a strong affinity for water. These characteristics have attracted significant attention from researchers in the field of glucose sensing.
Nanocellulose is not only a biocompatible and environmentally friendly material but also has excellent mechanical properties, biodegradability, and a large number of hydroxyl groups that have a strong affinity for water. These characteristics have attracted significant attention from researchers in the field of glucose sensing.
Objective This review provides a brief overview of the current research status of traditional materials used in glucose sensors. The sensing performance, chemical stability, and environmental properties of nanocellulose-based glucose sensors are compared and summarized based on the three sensing methods: electrochemical sensing, colorimetric sensing, and fluorescence sensing. The article focuses on recent strategies for glucose sensing using nanocellulose as a matrix. The development prospects of nanocellulose-based glucose sensors are also discussed.
This review provides a brief overview of the current research status of traditional materials used in glucose sensors. The sensing performance, chemical stability, and environmental properties of nanocellulose-based glucose sensors are compared and summarized based on the three sensing methods: electrochemical sensing, colorimetric sensing, and fluorescence sensing. The article focuses on recent strategies for glucose sensing using nanocellulose as a matrix. The development prospects of nanocellulose-based glucose sensors are also discussed.
Conclusion Nanocellulose has outstanding structural characteristics that contribute significantly to the sensing performance of glucose sensors in different detection modes. However, the preparation process for high-quality nanocellulose is complicated and has a low yield. Furthermore, the sensitivity and selectivity of nanocellulose-based glucose sensors require further improvement.
Nanocellulose has outstanding structural characteristics that contribute significantly to the sensing performance of glucose sensors in different detection modes. However, the preparation process for high-quality nanocellulose is complicated and has a low yield. Furthermore, the sensitivity and selectivity of nanocellulose-based glucose sensors require further improvement.
通讯作者：
Dong, Jianyu;Ren, Tian-Bing;Yin, Shuang-Feng;Zhou, YB;Dong, JY;Yin, SF
作者机构：
[Zhou, Yongbo; Xie, Shimin; Yin, Shuang-Feng; Wu, Shaofeng; Ren, Tian-Bing; Dong, Jianyu; Han, Li-Biao; Shen, Yang; Zhou, YB; Cai, Fangfang; Shang, Qian; Yuan, Lin; Liu, Feng; Su, Lebin; Pan, Neng; Dong, JY; Yin, SF] Hunan Univ, Coll Chem & Chem Engn, State Key Lab Chemo Biosensing & Chemometr, Changsha, Peoples R China.;[Xie, Shimin; Dong, JY; Dong, Jianyu; Su, Lebin] Hunan First Normal Univ, Sch Phys & Chem, Changsha, Peoples R China.;[Yin, Shuang-Feng; Yin, SF] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Changsha, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zhou, YB ; Dong, JY ; Ren, TB; Dong, JY; Yin, SF] H;[Yin, SF ] C;Hunan Univ, Coll Chem & Chem Engn, State Key Lab Chemo Biosensing & Chemometr, Changsha, Peoples R China.;Hunan First Normal Univ, Sch Phys & Chem, Changsha, Peoples R China.;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Changsha, Peoples R China.
摘要：
(Hetero)polyaryl amines are extensively prevalent in pharmaceuticals, fine chemicals, and materials but the intricate and varied nature of their structures severely restricts their synthesis. Here, we present a selective multicomponent cycloaromatization of structurally and functionally diverse amine substrates for the general and modular synthesis of (hetero)polyaryl amines through copper(I)-catalysis. This strategy directly constructs a remarkable range of amino group-functionalized (hetero)polyaryl frameworks (194 examples), including naphthalene, binaphthalene, phenanthren, benzothiophene, dibenzothiophene, benzofuran, dibenzofuran, quinoline, isoquinoline, quinazoline, and others, which are challenging or impossible to obtain using alternative methods. Copper(III)-acetylide species are involved in driving the exclusive 7-endo-dig cyclization, suppressing many side-reactions that are susceptible to occur. Due to the easy introduction of various functional units into heteropolyarylamines, multiple functionalized fluorescent dyes can be arbitrarily synthesized, which can serve as effective fluorescent probes for monitoring the pathological processes (e.g. chemotherapy-induced cell apoptosis) and studying the related disease mechanisms.
摘要：
The development of magnesium oxychloride and bamboo composite inorganic cementitious materials can reduce environmental pollution, utilize bamboo waste, and enhance energy efficiency. However, the accumulation of internal stress during the hydration of bamboo scraps/magnesium oxychloride inorganic cementitious materials can lead to pore cracking. Additionally, strength-forming crystals absorb water and deliquesce, resulting in structural failure due to loosening. Promoting the formation of matrix-strengthening crystals can improve the mechanical strength and water resistance of composites. Maltitol, which contains numerous hydroxyl groups, can be adsorbed onto the surface of cement particles, forming hydrogen bonds with water molecules. This enhances the water retention rate and improves the initial viscosity of the slurry. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of maltitol dosage on the mechanical properties, water resistance, and crystal quantity of the composite through single-factor experiments. The overall compressive strength of the modified composite reached 2.8 MPa, with a 20.4 % increase in the softening coefficient. These results confirm that the addition of maltitol promoted crystal growth and enhanced the water resistance of the composite. In the future, this lightweight, waterproof, and environmentally friendly material may help improve the energy efficiency of buildings or furniture decoration.
The development of magnesium oxychloride and bamboo composite inorganic cementitious materials can reduce environmental pollution, utilize bamboo waste, and enhance energy efficiency. However, the accumulation of internal stress during the hydration of bamboo scraps/magnesium oxychloride inorganic cementitious materials can lead to pore cracking. Additionally, strength-forming crystals absorb water and deliquesce, resulting in structural failure due to loosening. Promoting the formation of matrix-strengthening crystals can improve the mechanical strength and water resistance of composites. Maltitol, which contains numerous hydroxyl groups, can be adsorbed onto the surface of cement particles, forming hydrogen bonds with water molecules. This enhances the water retention rate and improves the initial viscosity of the slurry. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of maltitol dosage on the mechanical properties, water resistance, and crystal quantity of the composite through single-factor experiments. The overall compressive strength of the modified composite reached 2.8 MPa, with a 20.4 % increase in the softening coefficient. These results confirm that the addition of maltitol promoted crystal growth and enhanced the water resistance of the composite. In the future, this lightweight, waterproof, and environmentally friendly material may help improve the energy efficiency of buildings or furniture decoration.
摘要：
Manganese-based oxides, regarded as potential cathode materials for aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs), face significant challenges in their development and application, primarily due to their low electrical conductivity and inadequate electrochemical activity. Incorporating carbon as a substrate material represents a promising approach for enhancing the conductivity. Herein, bimetallic organic framework precursors were synthesized by hydrothermal method, with wood fibers serving as the carrier. The resulting carbonized wood fibers-supported carbon-coated MnO(MnO@C/CWF) was obtained through high-temperature calcination of the precursors. The carbon coating with a porous structure enhances the conductivity and accelerates the ion transport kinetics of manganese-based oxides but also improves their surface adsorption capacity and structural stability. Consequently, the specific capacity of MnO@C/CWF was 307 mAh g -1 at a current density of 0.2 A g -1 . Furthermore, MnO@C/CWF demonstrates long cycling stability, retaining 82% of its initial capacity after 10,000 cycles at 2 A g -1 . This work presents a strategy to enhance the electrochemical performance of MnO and advances the use of biomass-derived carbon fiber materials in aqueous zinc-ion batteries.
Manganese-based oxides, regarded as potential cathode materials for aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs), face significant challenges in their development and application, primarily due to their low electrical conductivity and inadequate electrochemical activity. Incorporating carbon as a substrate material represents a promising approach for enhancing the conductivity. Herein, bimetallic organic framework precursors were synthesized by hydrothermal method, with wood fibers serving as the carrier. The resulting carbonized wood fibers-supported carbon-coated MnO(MnO@C/CWF) was obtained through high-temperature calcination of the precursors. The carbon coating with a porous structure enhances the conductivity and accelerates the ion transport kinetics of manganese-based oxides but also improves their surface adsorption capacity and structural stability. Consequently, the specific capacity of MnO@C/CWF was 307 mAh g -1 at a current density of 0.2 A g -1 . Furthermore, MnO@C/CWF demonstrates long cycling stability, retaining 82% of its initial capacity after 10,000 cycles at 2 A g -1 . This work presents a strategy to enhance the electrochemical performance of MnO and advances the use of biomass-derived carbon fiber materials in aqueous zinc-ion batteries.
摘要：
Achieving a balance between catalytic efficiency and structural durability remains a key challenge in heterogeneous photo-Fenton-like systems. Herein, we report a robust sodium alginate hydrogel (ACCN) with hard–soft dual interpenetrating networks, constructed by incorporating Cu@MoS 2 nanosheets and carbon dots-modified cellulose nanofibrils (CNF@CDs). This structural design enables pan-regional photo-Fenton-like catalysis via structural optimization and directed electron transport, thereby ensuring sustained ciprofloxacin (CIP) degradation. Three key features synergistically enhance both catalytic performance and material integrity: (1) a dual interpenetrating network comprising Cu 2+ -crosslinked sodium alginate (SA, soft phase) and hydrogen-bonded CNF@CDs (rigid phase), which reinforces mechanical strength and prevents Cu@MoS 2 leaching; (2) the SA/CNF@CDs network exhibits an ultrahigh CIP adsorption capacity, which spatially concentrates pollutants and accelerates reaction kinetics; and (3) CNF@CDs facilitates electron transfer from Cu@MoS 2 to Cu 2+ crosslinking sites, promoting pan-regional Cu 2+ /Cu + redox cycling. This spatial–electronic integration endows ACCN with a CIP degradation rate constant of 0.0426 min −1 —7.5-fold higher than that of Cu@MoS 2 . Furthermore, ACCN demonstrates excellent durability and reusability, maintaining over 95 % catalytic activity after 10 cycles, with Mo leaching below 8 ppb. This work provides a sustainable strategy for integrating structural and electronic modulation to enable high-efficiency, durable antibiotic wastewater treatment.
Achieving a balance between catalytic efficiency and structural durability remains a key challenge in heterogeneous photo-Fenton-like systems. Herein, we report a robust sodium alginate hydrogel (ACCN) with hard–soft dual interpenetrating networks, constructed by incorporating Cu@MoS 2 nanosheets and carbon dots-modified cellulose nanofibrils (CNF@CDs). This structural design enables pan-regional photo-Fenton-like catalysis via structural optimization and directed electron transport, thereby ensuring sustained ciprofloxacin (CIP) degradation. Three key features synergistically enhance both catalytic performance and material integrity: (1) a dual interpenetrating network comprising Cu 2+ -crosslinked sodium alginate (SA, soft phase) and hydrogen-bonded CNF@CDs (rigid phase), which reinforces mechanical strength and prevents Cu@MoS 2 leaching; (2) the SA/CNF@CDs network exhibits an ultrahigh CIP adsorption capacity, which spatially concentrates pollutants and accelerates reaction kinetics; and (3) CNF@CDs facilitates electron transfer from Cu@MoS 2 to Cu 2+ crosslinking sites, promoting pan-regional Cu 2+ /Cu + redox cycling. This spatial–electronic integration endows ACCN with a CIP degradation rate constant of 0.0426 min −1 —7.5-fold higher than that of Cu@MoS 2 . Furthermore, ACCN demonstrates excellent durability and reusability, maintaining over 95 % catalytic activity after 10 cycles, with Mo leaching below 8 ppb. This work provides a sustainable strategy for integrating structural and electronic modulation to enable high-efficiency, durable antibiotic wastewater treatment.
摘要：
The directional migration of S-vacancy is beneficial to the separation of photogenerated carriers and the transition of electrons in semiconductors. In this study, Bi(x)/Bi(2-x)S(y)@carboxylic-cellulose (CC) photocatalyst with bionic chloroplast structure is obtained by electron beam irradiation to induce S-vacancy in Bi(2)S(3)@CC. The results of CO(2) photoreduction experiments demonstrate that the reduction rate of CO(2) to CH(3)OH by Bi(x)/Bi(2‒x)S(2.89)@CC-450 samples is 10.74 µmol·g(-1)·h(-1), and the selectivity is 92.82%. The results show that the inward migration behavior of the borderline S-vacancy (b-S(v)) induces the redistribution of electrons in Bi(x)/Bi(2-x)S(y)@CC. The Bi° clusters in Bi(x)/Bi(2-x)S(y)@CC is conducive to adsorb CO(2), and the internal S-vacancy (i-S(v)) is conducive to adsorb CH(3)OH, which accelerate the transfer of gas-phase products to realize the controllable conversion of CO(2) and photoreduction products at the gas-liquid-solid three-phase interface. This study provides a new idea for the development and utilization of green photocatalysts in clean energy.
摘要：
Achieving integration of strong electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption and wide absorption bandwidth through a single-component carbonaceous absorber is still considered a huge challenge due to the impedance mismatch and limited loss mechanisms. Herein, a reed-derived carbon/epoxy (RC/EP) composite absorber with ultra-wide absorption bandwidth and highly strong EMW absorption was fabricated by simultaneous regulation on the micro-structure of RC and establishment of macro-gradient of RC in EP matrix. The compartmentalized structure and gradient distribution of the optimized RC in the EP matrix boosted the reflection and scattering of the EMW, contributing outstanding impedance matching and synergetic EMW dissipation. Therefore, the RC/EP composite with the thickness of 2.0 mm presented a minimum reflection loss (RL min ) of −54.3 dB and an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 6.12 GHz. Varying the content and distribution of RC, the EAB of the RC/EP can cover 99.7 % of the whole Ku band. In addition, the stealth performance of RC/EP absorbing materials under actual far-field conditions is confirmed using Computer Simulation Technology (CST). This work provides a new way to realize a single-component carbonaceous absorber with both broadband and strong EMW absorbing capability, which can satisfy a wide range of applications in the fields of electronics, medical protection, and architectural invisible materials.
Achieving integration of strong electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption and wide absorption bandwidth through a single-component carbonaceous absorber is still considered a huge challenge due to the impedance mismatch and limited loss mechanisms. Herein, a reed-derived carbon/epoxy (RC/EP) composite absorber with ultra-wide absorption bandwidth and highly strong EMW absorption was fabricated by simultaneous regulation on the micro-structure of RC and establishment of macro-gradient of RC in EP matrix. The compartmentalized structure and gradient distribution of the optimized RC in the EP matrix boosted the reflection and scattering of the EMW, contributing outstanding impedance matching and synergetic EMW dissipation. Therefore, the RC/EP composite with the thickness of 2.0 mm presented a minimum reflection loss (RL min ) of −54.3 dB and an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 6.12 GHz. Varying the content and distribution of RC, the EAB of the RC/EP can cover 99.7 % of the whole Ku band. In addition, the stealth performance of RC/EP absorbing materials under actual far-field conditions is confirmed using Computer Simulation Technology (CST). This work provides a new way to realize a single-component carbonaceous absorber with both broadband and strong EMW absorbing capability, which can satisfy a wide range of applications in the fields of electronics, medical protection, and architectural invisible materials.
摘要：
The inherent structural alignment of Chinese fir scraps utilized in energy storage applications is intriguing. To enhance performance and achieve a symmetrical supercapacitor configuration, nano-pores have been introduced into the carbonized Chinese fir slice, while carbon nanotubes have been synthesized on the tracheid walls to increase its specific surface area. However, achieving high energy density and cycle stability in electrodes remains a significant challenge. Here, the challenge is addressed by synthesizing aligned carbon nanotubes through chemical vapor deposition in Chinese fir tracheids, aiming to enhance conductivity and increase the specific surface area. Furthermore, MnO2 nanosheets are electrochemically deposited on the inner surface of the tracheids to improve specific capacitance to 652.0 F g−1 at 10 mA cm−2. The assembled all-solid-state asymmetric supercapacitor exhibits a high energy density of 48.6 Wh kg−1, which is about twice that of supercapacitors made of other biomass materials. The capacitance of the material remains at 93 % even after undergoing 10,000 charge-discharge cycles within a voltage range of 0 to 1.8 V.
The inherent structural alignment of Chinese fir scraps utilized in energy storage applications is intriguing. To enhance performance and achieve a symmetrical supercapacitor configuration, nano-pores have been introduced into the carbonized Chinese fir slice, while carbon nanotubes have been synthesized on the tracheid walls to increase its specific surface area. However, achieving high energy density and cycle stability in electrodes remains a significant challenge. Here, the challenge is addressed by synthesizing aligned carbon nanotubes through chemical vapor deposition in Chinese fir tracheids, aiming to enhance conductivity and increase the specific surface area. Furthermore, MnO2 nanosheets are electrochemically deposited on the inner surface of the tracheids to improve specific capacitance to 652.0 F g−1 at 10 mA cm−2. The assembled all-solid-state asymmetric supercapacitor exhibits a high energy density of 48.6 Wh kg−1, which is about twice that of supercapacitors made of other biomass materials. The capacitance of the material remains at 93 % even after undergoing 10,000 charge-discharge cycles within a voltage range of 0 to 1.8 V.
期刊：
Industrial Crops and Products,2025年223:120053 ISSN：0926-6690
通讯作者：
Li, Xiazhen;Li, XJ
作者机构：
[Wu, Yongzhong; Yu, Zheng; Li, Xiazhen; Li, Ting; Li, Xianjun] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;[Mou, Qunying] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Elect Informat & Phys, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;[Li, Ting] Hunan Taohuajiang Bamboo Sci & Technol Co, Taojiang 413400, Peoples R China.;[Cai, Zhiyong] USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI USA.;[He, Lin] Changsha Calf Technol Co LTD, Changsha 410035, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Li, XZ; Li, XJ ] 4;498 South Shaoshan Rd, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Bamboo;Nano-CuO enhancement;Raw material characteristics;Excellent water resistance;High strength;Flame retardancy;Adhesive-free
摘要：
Although the metallization of wood and bamboo has been successfully achieved, challenges such as low efficiency, high costs, and environmental pollution caused by liquid chemical wastes have impeded its widespread adoption in manufacturing. This study presents a novel approach to fabricating metal-reinforced bamboo composite (MRBC) with exceptional performances, utilizing bamboo residues and nano-CuO without use of adhesives. The impact of raw material characteristics, including moisture content of bamboo powder and the amount of nano-CuO additive, on functional properties such as water resistance, flame retardancy and smoke suppression of MRBC was investigated. Also, the forming mechanism of MRBC was elucidated through examination of its microstructure, chemical composition, and thermal stability. Results indicated that the MRBC containing 20 wt% nano-CuO exhibited a high modulus of rupture (MOR) of 54 MPa, an impressive modulus of elasticity (MOE) of 9.3 GPa, a notable surface hardness of 44.4 kgf/mm, and low 24 h water absorption-thickness swelling of 6.5 %, all significantly surpassing those observed in conventional panels. The MRBC exhibited a tightly wrapped, adhered, and cross-linked process under high temperature and pressure conditions, facilitated by multiple synergistic effects such as lignin melting, hydrogen bond networking, physical structure entanglement, and material redox reaction, which contributed to a dense intertwined and consolidated structure. The MRBC demonstrated exceptional structural integrity throughout the combustion process, effectively mitigating potential damage caused by structural collapse due to the incorporation of nano-CuO, which also successfully suppressed smoke and toxic CO gas emissions during combustion. The MRBC showcased advantages of environmental friendliness, water resistance, high strength, flame retardancy and smoke suppression. These attributes position it as an optimal substitute for conventional panels and make it suitable for replacing metals in specific applications. Thus, it demonstrates significant market potential and promising prospects for sustainable development.
Although the metallization of wood and bamboo has been successfully achieved, challenges such as low efficiency, high costs, and environmental pollution caused by liquid chemical wastes have impeded its widespread adoption in manufacturing. This study presents a novel approach to fabricating metal-reinforced bamboo composite (MRBC) with exceptional performances, utilizing bamboo residues and nano-CuO without use of adhesives. The impact of raw material characteristics, including moisture content of bamboo powder and the amount of nano-CuO additive, on functional properties such as water resistance, flame retardancy and smoke suppression of MRBC was investigated. Also, the forming mechanism of MRBC was elucidated through examination of its microstructure, chemical composition, and thermal stability. Results indicated that the MRBC containing 20 wt% nano-CuO exhibited a high modulus of rupture (MOR) of 54 MPa, an impressive modulus of elasticity (MOE) of 9.3 GPa, a notable surface hardness of 44.4 kgf/mm, and low 24 h water absorption-thickness swelling of 6.5 %, all significantly surpassing those observed in conventional panels. The MRBC exhibited a tightly wrapped, adhered, and cross-linked process under high temperature and pressure conditions, facilitated by multiple synergistic effects such as lignin melting, hydrogen bond networking, physical structure entanglement, and material redox reaction, which contributed to a dense intertwined and consolidated structure. The MRBC demonstrated exceptional structural integrity throughout the combustion process, effectively mitigating potential damage caused by structural collapse due to the incorporation of nano-CuO, which also successfully suppressed smoke and toxic CO gas emissions during combustion. The MRBC showcased advantages of environmental friendliness, water resistance, high strength, flame retardancy and smoke suppression. These attributes position it as an optimal substitute for conventional panels and make it suitable for replacing metals in specific applications. Thus, it demonstrates significant market potential and promising prospects for sustainable development.
摘要：
Electrohydrodynamic (EHD) inkjet printing has gained widespread attention in electronics, biomedicine, and materials science for its exceptional resolution and printing versatility. However, the droplet formation process is governed by complex interactions between driving waveform parameters and fluid properties, making traditional trial-and-error optimization inefficient. To address this, a hybrid approach combining numerical simulation, machine learning regression, and genetic algorithm optimization is proposed to achieve precise control of droplet diameter. A multiphysics numerical model is established in COMSOL Multiphysics to simulate the complete cycle of Taylor cone formation, jetting, and droplet deposition under pulsed electric fields. Parametric studies are conducted to investigate the influence of waveform characteristics and fluid properties on droplet size and jetting stability. Based on these simulations, a dataset of 912 samples is constructed for machine learning analysis. Among seven regression models evaluated, the artificial neural network (ANN) shows the best predictive performance and is further integrated with a genetic algorithm to optimize the driving parameters for different target droplet diameters. Experimental validation is performed using a Super Inkjet (SIJ) printing system. The results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method: the average droplet diameter error ranges from 1.00 mu m to 1.89 mu m, and 84.21% of the droplets fall within +/- 5% of the target diameter. This study demonstrates a practical and data-driven framework for enhancing precision and process control in EHD printing.
摘要：
Fe 3 O 4 is widely regarded as a promising anode for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) due to its abundant availability, low cost and high theoretical capacity. However, its practical application is hindered by poor conductivity, significant volume change and slow reaction kinetics. In this work, a novel self-template assisted annealing strategy is proposed to synthesize N, S co-doped carbon wrapped Fe 3 O 4 /Fe 7 S 8 heterojunction (Fe 3 O 4 /Fe 7 S 8 @NSC). The results demonstrate that the Fe 3 O 4 /Fe 7 S 8 heterojunction is uniformly wrapped by a conductive NSC layer, forming a unique core-shell architecture that enhances conductivity and mitigates volume change during the charge/discharge process. Furthermore, both experimental observations and theoretical calculations indicate that the built-in electric fields at the heterojunction interfaces facilitate charge transfer and ion transport, thereby accelerating sodium storage kinetics. As a result, the obtained Fe 3 O 4 /Fe 7 S 8 @NSC anode demonstrates remarkably improved sodium storage performance. Apparently, our work provides valuable insights for the development of high-performance Fe 3 O 4 -based anodes for SIBs.
Fe 3 O 4 is widely regarded as a promising anode for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) due to its abundant availability, low cost and high theoretical capacity. However, its practical application is hindered by poor conductivity, significant volume change and slow reaction kinetics. In this work, a novel self-template assisted annealing strategy is proposed to synthesize N, S co-doped carbon wrapped Fe 3 O 4 /Fe 7 S 8 heterojunction (Fe 3 O 4 /Fe 7 S 8 @NSC). The results demonstrate that the Fe 3 O 4 /Fe 7 S 8 heterojunction is uniformly wrapped by a conductive NSC layer, forming a unique core-shell architecture that enhances conductivity and mitigates volume change during the charge/discharge process. Furthermore, both experimental observations and theoretical calculations indicate that the built-in electric fields at the heterojunction interfaces facilitate charge transfer and ion transport, thereby accelerating sodium storage kinetics. As a result, the obtained Fe 3 O 4 /Fe 7 S 8 @NSC anode demonstrates remarkably improved sodium storage performance. Apparently, our work provides valuable insights for the development of high-performance Fe 3 O 4 -based anodes for SIBs.
摘要：
Heat-treated bamboo bundles (HB) are essential for producing bamboo scrimber, and their fluffing characteristics significantly affect the final product. However, limited research on quantitatively characterizing the fluffing degree of HB has hindered the performance classification, optimization of bamboo scrimber, and its application in areas such as building structures. This study introduced the grayscale image threshold segmentation to obtain eight morphological parameters and their distribution ranges for 200 HB specimens: average diameter (0.26 ∼ 3.42 mm), average fractal dimension (1.12 ∼ 1.25), connectivity (0.11 ∼ 8.45 pcs/mm²), crack ratio ( T-CR ) (6.56 ∼ 90.41 %), fiber bundle area ( T-FBA ) (19.18 ∼ 328.44 mm²), and maximum area of individual fiber bundle ( T-MIFBA ) (1.42 ∼ 286.84 mm²) on the transverse section, crack ratio ( L-CR ) (1.27 ∼ 83.25 %) and fiber bundle area ( L-FBA ) (558 ∼ 11,366 mm²) on the longitudinal section. A multi-scale image analysis approach was employed to analyze the extracted morphological parameters. Relational clustering analysis indicated that the eight morphological parameters can be categorized into four distinct categories. Qualitative clustering analysis revealed clear hierarchical distributions for average diameter and connectivity but fragmented distributions for L-CR and average fractal dimension . Thus, average diameter and connectivity was found to be effective indicators of HB fluffing degree, while L-CR and average fractal dimension were less suitable. This study achieved the quantitative characterization of HB fluffing degree, thereby establishing a solid foundation for optimizing the fluffing process and facilitating the hierarchical classification and utilization of bamboo scrimber.
Heat-treated bamboo bundles (HB) are essential for producing bamboo scrimber, and their fluffing characteristics significantly affect the final product. However, limited research on quantitatively characterizing the fluffing degree of HB has hindered the performance classification, optimization of bamboo scrimber, and its application in areas such as building structures. This study introduced the grayscale image threshold segmentation to obtain eight morphological parameters and their distribution ranges for 200 HB specimens: average diameter (0.26 ∼ 3.42 mm), average fractal dimension (1.12 ∼ 1.25), connectivity (0.11 ∼ 8.45 pcs/mm²), crack ratio ( T-CR ) (6.56 ∼ 90.41 %), fiber bundle area ( T-FBA ) (19.18 ∼ 328.44 mm²), and maximum area of individual fiber bundle ( T-MIFBA ) (1.42 ∼ 286.84 mm²) on the transverse section, crack ratio ( L-CR ) (1.27 ∼ 83.25 %) and fiber bundle area ( L-FBA ) (558 ∼ 11,366 mm²) on the longitudinal section. A multi-scale image analysis approach was employed to analyze the extracted morphological parameters. Relational clustering analysis indicated that the eight morphological parameters can be categorized into four distinct categories. Qualitative clustering analysis revealed clear hierarchical distributions for average diameter and connectivity but fragmented distributions for L-CR and average fractal dimension . Thus, average diameter and connectivity was found to be effective indicators of HB fluffing degree, while L-CR and average fractal dimension were less suitable. This study achieved the quantitative characterization of HB fluffing degree, thereby establishing a solid foundation for optimizing the fluffing process and facilitating the hierarchical classification and utilization of bamboo scrimber.
摘要：
The myelocytomatosis (MYC) transcription factors are crucial regulators of plant growth, development, and stress responses. In this study, we identified and characterized the CoMYC gene from Camellia oleifera Abel. and investigated its functional roles through heterologous expression in Arabidopsis thaliana . Bioinformatic analysis revealed that the 31 CoMYC genes are unevenly distributed across chromosomes, with CoMYC clustered in phylogenetic Group 6 and CoMYC2-like showing high homology to CsMYC5.4 from tea plants. Conserved motif and promoter analyses indicated that CoMYC contains hormone- and stress-responsive cis-elements, suggesting its involvement in developmental and environmental adaptation processes. Subcellular localization confirmed the nuclear targeting of CoMYC2-like , with tissue-specific expression peaks in roots and stems. Overexpression of CoMYC2-like in Arabidopsis thaliana resulted in enhanced lignification, thicker stems, elongated siliques, and increased seed number, accompanied by elevated lignin content and xylem development. Under drought and salt stresses, transgenic lines exhibited reduced root growth inhibition, lower superoxide anion and MDA (malondialdehyde) accumulation, enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities (CAT (catalase), POD (peroxidase), SOD (superoxide dismutase)), the proline content was increased, the expression of antioxidant-related genes was increased, indicating improved stress tolerance. Notably, CoMYC2-like -overexpressing plants showed greater sensitivity to salt than drought, highlighting its differential regulatory roles in stress adaptation. Our findings demonstrate that CoMYC2-like modulates lignin biosynthesis and stress resilience, providing insights into MYC-mediated mechanisms in woody plants and potential targets for crop improvement.
The myelocytomatosis (MYC) transcription factors are crucial regulators of plant growth, development, and stress responses. In this study, we identified and characterized the CoMYC gene from Camellia oleifera Abel. and investigated its functional roles through heterologous expression in Arabidopsis thaliana . Bioinformatic analysis revealed that the 31 CoMYC genes are unevenly distributed across chromosomes, with CoMYC clustered in phylogenetic Group 6 and CoMYC2-like showing high homology to CsMYC5.4 from tea plants. Conserved motif and promoter analyses indicated that CoMYC contains hormone- and stress-responsive cis-elements, suggesting its involvement in developmental and environmental adaptation processes. Subcellular localization confirmed the nuclear targeting of CoMYC2-like , with tissue-specific expression peaks in roots and stems. Overexpression of CoMYC2-like in Arabidopsis thaliana resulted in enhanced lignification, thicker stems, elongated siliques, and increased seed number, accompanied by elevated lignin content and xylem development. Under drought and salt stresses, transgenic lines exhibited reduced root growth inhibition, lower superoxide anion and MDA (malondialdehyde) accumulation, enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities (CAT (catalase), POD (peroxidase), SOD (superoxide dismutase)), the proline content was increased, the expression of antioxidant-related genes was increased, indicating improved stress tolerance. Notably, CoMYC2-like -overexpressing plants showed greater sensitivity to salt than drought, highlighting its differential regulatory roles in stress adaptation. Our findings demonstrate that CoMYC2-like modulates lignin biosynthesis and stress resilience, providing insights into MYC-mediated mechanisms in woody plants and potential targets for crop improvement.
摘要：
Enhancing the stability and durability of superhydrophobic wood remains a significant challenge for its long-term application in various fields. This study presents a novel approach to developing durable superhydrophobic wood by regulating wood structure. The analyses of the mechanism revealed that Si-Ti@PDMS prepolymer infiltrated wood’s pores and cell walls, forming a highly cross-linked micro-nanoscale superhydrophobic coating extending from the exterior to the interior. The resulting superhydrophobic wood exhibited excellent hydrophobic characteristics on both its surface and various cutting surfaces. Furthermore, the water contact angles (WCA) measured on the various cut surfaces of the wood consistently exceeded 150°, thereby confirming its superhydrophobicity. Additionally, the water contact angles (WCA) at wood depth surfaces remained above 130°. This observation indicates that the non-wettability characteristic of the superhydrophobic wood extends from the surface to the interior. Consequently, even in the event of surface structural damage, the wood retains its robust hydrophobic performance. This study provides a theoretical foundation for regulating durable superhydrophobic wood, and it was beneficial to the efficient use of superhydrophobic wood in construction and furniture fields.
Enhancing the stability and durability of superhydrophobic wood remains a significant challenge for its long-term application in various fields. This study presents a novel approach to developing durable superhydrophobic wood by regulating wood structure. The analyses of the mechanism revealed that Si-Ti@PDMS prepolymer infiltrated wood’s pores and cell walls, forming a highly cross-linked micro-nanoscale superhydrophobic coating extending from the exterior to the interior. The resulting superhydrophobic wood exhibited excellent hydrophobic characteristics on both its surface and various cutting surfaces. Furthermore, the water contact angles (WCA) measured on the various cut surfaces of the wood consistently exceeded 150°, thereby confirming its superhydrophobicity. Additionally, the water contact angles (WCA) at wood depth surfaces remained above 130°. This observation indicates that the non-wettability characteristic of the superhydrophobic wood extends from the surface to the interior. Consequently, even in the event of surface structural damage, the wood retains its robust hydrophobic performance. This study provides a theoretical foundation for regulating durable superhydrophobic wood, and it was beneficial to the efficient use of superhydrophobic wood in construction and furniture fields.
摘要：
To face the large–scale retirement of lithium–ion batteries (LIBs), direct regeneration of spent NCM622 (LiNi 0.6 Co 0.2 Mn 0.2 O 2 ) cathode can effectively alleviate the current resource and environmental pressures. During the recycling process, the binder polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) inevitably becomes an inherent impurity in the active material. Whether the inherent impurity can assist the regeneration of spent NCM or not is becoming a focus of attentions. Hereby, a closed–loop direct regeneration strategy that transforms the inherent PVDF impurity into a F dopant is proposed, and a LiNO 3 –LiOH eutectic molten system is utilized to repair the elemental loss and structural defects in highly degraded NCM622 cathode while achieving F doping. It is found that the fluorine element is uniformly doped into both the surface and bulk phases of the whole material. The F–containing regenerated NCM cathode (R–NCM622–F) shows a stable layered structure with markedly suppressed lattice oxygen escape, as substantiated by the experimental analysis and theoretical calculation. As a result, the obtained R–NCM622–F exhibits a satisfactory repaired specific capacity of 169.6 mAh g −1 and excellent cycling stability, which retains 85.8 % of its initial capacity after 200 cycles. Meanwhile, it can deliver a considerable capacity of 120mAh g −1 even at a high rate of 5C. Clearly, our regeneration strategy obviates the necessity for intricate pretreatments, and instead employs the inherent PVDF impurity to achieve the direct regeneration process, thereby offering a promising avenue to the large–scale direct regeneration of layered cathodes.
To face the large–scale retirement of lithium–ion batteries (LIBs), direct regeneration of spent NCM622 (LiNi 0.6 Co 0.2 Mn 0.2 O 2 ) cathode can effectively alleviate the current resource and environmental pressures. During the recycling process, the binder polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) inevitably becomes an inherent impurity in the active material. Whether the inherent impurity can assist the regeneration of spent NCM or not is becoming a focus of attentions. Hereby, a closed–loop direct regeneration strategy that transforms the inherent PVDF impurity into a F dopant is proposed, and a LiNO 3 –LiOH eutectic molten system is utilized to repair the elemental loss and structural defects in highly degraded NCM622 cathode while achieving F doping. It is found that the fluorine element is uniformly doped into both the surface and bulk phases of the whole material. The F–containing regenerated NCM cathode (R–NCM622–F) shows a stable layered structure with markedly suppressed lattice oxygen escape, as substantiated by the experimental analysis and theoretical calculation. As a result, the obtained R–NCM622–F exhibits a satisfactory repaired specific capacity of 169.6 mAh g −1 and excellent cycling stability, which retains 85.8 % of its initial capacity after 200 cycles. Meanwhile, it can deliver a considerable capacity of 120mAh g −1 even at a high rate of 5C. Clearly, our regeneration strategy obviates the necessity for intricate pretreatments, and instead employs the inherent PVDF impurity to achieve the direct regeneration process, thereby offering a promising avenue to the large–scale direct regeneration of layered cathodes.
