摘要：
Purpose - This paper aims to analyse the conceptual bases of the related terms of "host" and "guest" in Chinese and reveal essential, though overlooked, cultural differences that relate to "hospitality" in Western and Chinese cultural contexts. Design/methodology/approach - A presupposition of this conceptual investigation is that culture manifests itself linguistically. The analytic approach used here is textual analysis. Confucian classical texts are the main source of evidence for examining the conceptual commitments of the Chinese characters. and. and their corresponding practical expressions. Findings - Cross-cultural comparison reveals asymmetries between the term "hospitality" and its Chinese translations, etymologically and culturally. This study demonstrates how the Chinese. -. paradigm is both hierarchal in nature and centred on the role and interests of the host. It further compares this paradigm with its Western counterpart along five different dimensions. Research limitations/implications - The specific Chinese norms for the host-guest paradigm synthesized here could prompt both academicians and operators to question the cultural attachments associated with hospitality by participants and the cultural differences in hospitality transactions and management. The cultural sensitivity modelled here is intended to facilitate harmony between a hospitality setting and the culture in which it is embedded. Originality/value - This conceptual paper is the first in the Anglophone literature to explore the Chinese cultural roots of the concepts "host" and "guest". The linguistic perspective used in this study allows the concept of "hospitality" to be studied cross-culturally and in an interdisciplinary way, addressing a blind spot in the extant hospitality literature.
摘要：
Drawing on hermeneutic phenomenology in tourism studies as well as Heidegger's concept of being-in-the-world, this paper reveals how tourism can and should be done in a Chinese rural village. This research contributes a contextual interpretation of guanxi in Chinese rural tourism development through an empirical study of a traditional agricultural village in China that has been transformed through tourism development. The paper argues that for the Chinese indigenous residents who are the primary actors engaged in tourism, guanxi is, neither a Confucian political ideal nor an instrumental tool, but the specific manner in which they dwell in their place. It demonstrates how the tourist destination, landscape and managerial regulation have been modified and adapted in a guanxi way. The paper suggests that an emic understanding of guanxi and the roles it plays in tourism participants' daily life is warranted and can provide a more holistic picture of tourism development in rural China.
