作者机构：
[Zhou, Feng; Zhou, F; Yu, Juan; Zeng, Wen] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Mech & Elect Engn, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;[Fu, Jianqin; Zhou, Feng; Liu, Jingping] Hunan Univ, State Key Lab Adv Design & Mfg Vehicle Body, Changsha 410082, Peoples R China.;[Yuan, Kainan] China Machinery Int Engn Design & Res Inst Co Ltd, Changsha 410000, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zhou, F ] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Mech & Elect Engn, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Deep neural networks;Hyperparameter optimization;NO X prediction;Transient cycle;Diesel engine;Population based training
摘要：
Due to the rising environmental concerns, particularly air quality, the emission regulations for non -road mobile machinery are becoming increasingly strict. Real-time emission prediction from diesel engines is significant for emission control and regional pollution estimation. This study aims to develop a machine learning model and optimize its hyperparameters by using a hyperparameter optimization method to NOX emission. Firstly, we collected NOX emission data from test under the non -road transient test cycle (NRTC) and built a significant dataset to choose a best model. Then, the model was trained by dataset and the hyperparameters were automatically optimized by combining Bayesian and Population based training. The accuracy of the optimized was indicated by an R2 value of 0.9784 with the 8 input features. The relative error in the cycle level was 1.3%. Lastly, the quality of NOX emissions during the cycle and the effect of each parameter on NOX emissions were analyzed. The results show that the model is able to predict the real-time concentration changes of NOX more accurately. It can provide a reference for the research and development of emission control technology for nonroad mobile machinery.
摘要：
The passive pre-chamber exhibits great potential for practical applications in the internal combustion engine due to its simple structure. However, it faces difficulties in scavenging process, making optimization of pre-chamber structure particularly important. In this study, the effects of pre-chamber ignition systems with different structures and original spark ignition were conducted on a high compression ratio direct-injection SI engine to investigate the combustion, performance, and emission characteristics. The results show that the increase in prechamber volume weakens the in-cylinder combustion process and engine performance, while increasing the prechamber orifice diameter can enhance the combustion stability at medium to high loads, but will weaken the engine performance at low load. Compared to spark ignition, pre-chamber ignition results in an earlier 50% combustion position, a shorter combustion duration and lower COVIMEP, with these effects becoming stronger as load increases. At high load, the pre-chamber ignition (PC1) advances the 50% combustion position by 5.6 degrees CA and shortens the combustion duration by 16.7%. In addition, the indicated thermal efficiency of the pre-chamber ignition achieves an increase of 0.84% at the optimal point and 2.5% at high load. Overall, using the smaller orifice diameter and volume in the pre-chamber can improve in-cylinder combustion process and increase thermal efficiency across the load range. For emission analysis, the pre-chamber ignition leads to an increase in NOx and HC emissions due to the influence of in-cylinder combustion temperature and quenching effect, while the CO emissions are similar to spark ignition.
期刊：
Science of The Total Environment,2024年913:169708 ISSN：0048-9697
通讯作者：
Duan, XB
作者机构：
[Zhou, Feng; Yu, Juan; Wu, Chenghao] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Mech & Elect Engn, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;[Fu, Jianqin; Zhou, Feng; Liu, Jingping; Duan, Xiongbo] Hunan Univ, Coll Mech & Vehicle Engn, Changsha 410082, Peoples R China.;[Duan, XB; Duan, Xiongbo] Cent South Univ, Sch Energy Sci & Engn, Changsha 410083, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Duan, XB ] C;Cent South Univ, Sch Energy Sci & Engn, Changsha 410083, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Cold start;Combustion;Low carbon fuel;Methanol engine;Regulated and unregulated emissions;Renewable fuel
摘要：
In the context of global carbon neutrality, the internal combustion engines aim to further reduce the carbon emission and improve the fuel economy for the transportation sector. Methanol is treated as a renewable, reliability, and applicability energy, which also shows some superior physicochemical properties compared to the traditional fossil fuels. However, some challenges such as cold start issue, low fuel economy, high unregulated emissions need to address before the methanol widely applies in the engines. This article comprehensively reviews the physicochemical properties and production processes of the methanol, the cold start issue of the methanol engine, and emission and combustion characteristics of the methanol engine for evaluating its potential effect of emission reduction and energy saving in the transportation sector. In addition, different optimization strategies and advanced technologies are proposed and comprehensively discussed in this paper for addressing the issues of the cold start, combustion and emissions of the methanol engines in the real application. Finally, the conclusions and prospects of the methanol engine are presented for promoting its application in the transportation sector and further reducing the carbon emission in the near future, thereby achieving the carbon peak and carbon neutrality in the China.
摘要：
It is well-known that the classical Johnson's Rule leads to optimal schedules on a two-stage flowshop. However, it is still unclear how Johnson's Rule would help in approximation algorithms for scheduling an arbitrary number of parallel two-stage flowshops with the objective of minimizing the makespan. Thus within the paper, we study the problem and propose a new efficient algorithm that incorporates Johnson's Rule applied on each individual flowshop with a carefully designed job assignment process to flowshops. The algorithm is successfully shown to have a runtime O(nlogn)\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$O(n \log n)$$\end{document} and an approximation ratio 7/3, where n is the number of jobs. Compared with the recent PTAS result for the problem (Dong et al. in Eur J Oper Res 218(1):16-24, 2020), our algorithm has a larger approximation ratio, but it is more efficient in practice from the perspective of runtime.
摘要：
With the continuous development of deep learning (DL), the task of multimodal dialog emotion recognition (MDER) has recently received extensive research attention, which is also an essential branch of DL. The MDER aims to identify the emotional information contained in different modalities, e.g., text, video, and audio, and in different dialog scenes. However, the existing research has focused on modeling contextual semantic information and dialog relations between speakers while ignoring the impact of event relations on emotion. To tackle the above issues, we propose a novel dialog and event relation-aware graph convolutional neural network (DER-GCN) for multimodal emotion recognition method. It models dialog relations between speakers and captures latent event relations information. Specifically, we construct a weighted multirelationship graph to simultaneously capture the dependencies between speakers and event relations in a dialog. Moreover, we also introduce a self-supervised masked graph autoencoder (SMGAE) to improve the fusion representation ability of features and structures. Next, we design a new multiple information Transformer (MIT) to capture the correlation between different relations, which can provide a better fuse of the multivariate information between relations. Finally, we propose a loss optimization strategy based on contrastive learning to enhance the representation learning ability of minority class features. We conduct extensive experiments on the benchmark datasets, Interactive Emotional Dyadic Motion Capture (IEMOCAP) and Multimodal EmotionLines Dataset (MELD), which verify the effectiveness of the DER-GCN model. The results demonstrate that our model significantly improves both the average accuracy and the F1 value of emotion recognition. Our code is publicly available at https://github.com/yuntaoshou/DER-GCN.
摘要：
BACKGROUND: WD40 transcription factors are crucial in plant growth and developmental, significantly impacting plant growth regulation. This study investigates the WD40 transcription factor HmWDR68's role in developing the distinctive blue infertile flower colors in Hydrangea macrophylla 'Forever Summer'. METHODS AND RESULTS: The HmWDR68 gene was isolated by PCR, revealing an open reading frame of 1026 base pairs, which encodes 341 amino acids. Characterized by four WD40 motifs, HmWDR68 is a member of the WD40 family. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that HmWDR68 shares high homology with PsWD40 in Camellia sinensis and CsWD40 in Paeonia suffruticosa, both of which are integral in anthocyanin synthesis regulation. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis demonstrated that HmWDR68 expression in the blue infertile flowers of 'Forever Summer' hydrangea was significantly higher compared to other tissues and organs. Additionally, in various hydrangea varieties with differently colored infertile flowers, HmWDR68 expression was markedly elevated in comparison to other hydrangea varieties, correlating with the development of blue infertile flowers. Pearson correlation analysis revealed a significant association between HmWDR68 expression and the concentration of delphinidin 3-O-glucoside, as well as key genes involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis (HmF3H, HmC3'5'H, HmDFR, and HmANS) in the blue infertile flowers of 'Forever Summer' hydrangea (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: These findings suggest HmWDR68 may specifically regulate blue infertile flower formation in hydrangea by enhancing delphinidin-3-O-glucoside synthesis, modulating expression of HmF3H, HmC3'5'H, HmDFR and HmANS. This study provides insights into HmWDR68's role in hydrangea's blue flowers development, offering a foundation for further research in this field.
通讯机构：
[Tan, Y ] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Changsha, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Medical image description can be applied to clinical medical diagnosis, but the field still faces serious challenges. There is a serious problem of visual and textual data bias in medical datasets, which are the imbalanced distribution of health and disease data. This can greatly affect the learning performance of data-driven neural networks and finally lead to errors in the generated medical image descriptions. To address this problem, we propose a new medical image description network architecture named multimodal data-assisted knowledge fusion network (MDAKF), which introduces multimodal auxiliary signals to guide the Transformer network to generate more accurate medical reports. In detail, audio auxiliary signals provide clear abnormal visual regions to alleviate the visual data bias problem. However, the audio modality signals with similar pronunciation lack recognizability, which may lead to incorrect mapping of audio labels to medical image regions. Therefore, we further fuse the audio with text features as the auxiliary signal to improve the overall performance of the model. Through the experiments on two medical image description datasets, IU-X-ray and COV-CTR, it is found that the proposed model is superior to the previous models in terms of language generation evaluation indicators.
摘要：
The hydrogen addition to liquid methane gas (LMG) engines based on the rational control strategy is considered to be a promising approach to improve the performance of LMG engines. However, the current studies are limited to a few operating points. To comprehensively develop a control strategy of hydrogen addition for high compression ratio LMG engines, the effects of hydrogen addition on the emissions, combustion, and performance of an LMG engine are experimentally investigated under all operating conditions in this study. Furthermore, to achieve the optimal performance of the hydrogen-LMG engine with the optimal hydrogen blending, the coupled simulation model of MATLAB/Simulink and GT-Power is established based on the test bench, and the multiple operating parameters of the calibrated numerical model are optimized by using genetic algorithm. The results show that the maximum increases in the brake thermal efficiency with increasing hydrogen energy share (HES) are 1.6, 0.9 and 0.6 percentage points under low, medium and high loads, respectively. Correspondingly, the maximum reduction in EBSFC under low, medium and high loads is 6.5 %, 2.2 % and 1.4 %, respectively. The ignition delay is reduced and the combustion is promoted with the increase in HES. As a result, the cylinder pressure and HRR rise faster and reach a higher peak earlier. In addition, the 50 % combustion location is advanced and the 10-90 % combustion duration is shortened. In terms of emissions, the increasing HES promotes the NOx emissions and reduces the HC emissions. Especially at medium and high loads, the NOx emissions rise sharply with increasing HES. It is desirable that HES should not exceed 15 %, 4 % and 2 % at low, medium and high loads, respectively. In addition, by co-optimizing the intake valve opening timing, exhaust valve opening timing and the spark angle, the BSFC of the hydrogen-LMG engine with the optimal HES under 1200 rpm and BMEP of 6 bar is still improved by 2.2 %. This study provides new insights to further explore the energy-saving potential of hydrogen-LMG engines.
摘要：
Two-dimensional MoSe2 is a promising candidate for lithium-ion battery anodes. However, its conductivity and lithium storage volumetric effect still need to be optimized. In this work, W-doped MoSe2/rGO paper-like microspheres are successfully prepared through ultrasonic spray pyrolysis, achieving optimization at both the microstructure and mesostructure to enhance the lithium storage performance of the material. Firstly, by utilizing the similar two-dimensional structure between MoSe2 and rGO, self-assembly is achieved through spray pyrolysis, resulting in a well-defined van der Waals heterostructure at the interface on the microscale, enhancing the electron and ion transfer capability of the composite. Secondly, the mesoscale paper-like microsphere morphology provides additional volume expansion buffering space. Moreover, W-doping not only increases the interlayer spacing of MoSe2 (0.73 nm), thereby reducing the diffusion resistance of Li+, but also allow for the modulation of the energy band structure of the material. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations confirm that W-doped MoSe2/rGO exhibits the narrowest bandgap (0.892 eV). Therefore, the composite demonstrates excellent lithium storage performance, maintaining a specific capacity of 732.9 mAh center dot g(-1) after 300 cycles at a current density of 1 A center dot g(-1).
摘要：
A novel cellulose nanofibril/titanate nanofiber modified with CdS quantum dots hydrogel (CTH) was synthesized as an effective, stable, and recyclable photocatalytic adsorbent using cellulose nanofibril (CN), titanate nanofiber (TN), and CdS quantum dots. Within the CTH structure, CN formed an essential framework, creating a three-dimensional (3D) porous structure that enhanced the specific surface area and provided abundant adsorption sites for Cr(VI). Simultaneously, TN modified with CdS quantum dots (TN-CdS) served as a nanoscale Z-type photocatalyst, facilitating the efficient separation of photoinduced electrons and holes, further increasing the photocatalytic efficiency. The morphological, chemical, and optical properties of CTH were thoroughly characterized. The CTH demonstrated the maximum theoretical adsorption capacity of 373.3±14.2mg/g, which was 3.4 times higher than that of CN hydrogel. Furthermore, the photocatalytic reduction rate constant of the CTH was 0.0586±0.0038min(-1), which was 6.4 times higher than that of TN-CdS. Notably, CTH displayed outstanding stability, maintaining 84.9% of its initial removal efficiency even after undergoing five consecutive adsorption-desorption cycles. The remarkable performance of CTH in Cr(VI) removal was attributed to its 3D porous structure, comprising CN and TN-CdS. These findings provide novel insights into developing a stable photocatalytic adsorbent for Cr(VI) removal.
摘要：
A novel layered perovskite tantalate phosphor Sr3LaTa3O12:Sm3+ (SLTO:Sm3+) with orange-red emission was obtained for the first time via the solid-phase synthetic method. The phase purity, surface morphology, element distribution and luminescent properties of the SLTO:xSm(3+) (x = 0.01 mol%-0.30 mol%) phosphors were investigated. Under 408 nm excitation, the optimum doped SLTO:0.10Sm(3+) phosphor emits orange-red light at 598 nm with the highest emission peak ((4)G(5/2) -> H-6(7/2)). The critical energy transfer distance is 1.687 nm. The prepared SLTO:0.10Sm(3+) phosphor has excellent thermal stability with temperature quenching temperature (T-0.5 > 500 K) and high activation energy (E-a = 0.25 eV). Through calculation, the chromaticity coordinates of all samples are concentrated in the orange-red area, and the color purity reaches 99%. The fabricated white light-emitting diode (w-LED) has a good correlated color temperature (5132 K), a high R-a (89), and the CIE chromaticity coordinates (0.340, 0.327). Consequently, the superiority of orange-red-emitting tantalate SLTO:Sm3+ phosphors for w-LEDs is demonstrated. (c) 2023 Chinese Society of Rare Earths. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
期刊：
Industrial Crops and Products,2024年210:118162 ISSN：0926-6690
通讯作者：
Guo, X;Wu, YQ
作者机构：
[Ma, Qiang; Zhang, Xuefeng; Guo, Xin; Qi, Xinmiao; Liu, Meng] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Sci, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;[Chen, Yizheng] Hunan Inst Engn, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Hunan Prov Key Lab Environm Catalysis & Waste Recy, Xiangtan 411104, Peoples R China.;[Wu, Yiqiang; Zuo, Yingfeng] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;[Xie, Xiangjing] Hunan Inst Engn, Coll Text & Clothing, Xiangtan 411104, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Wu, YQ ; Guo, X ] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Sci, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Wood;Carbon dots;Adsorption;Pb(II)
摘要：
For the high -value utilization of wood, a novel non-cytotoxic bifunctional wood (NBW) was synthesized in this study for simultaneous adsorption and detection of Pb(II). Adsorption experiments showcased the remarkable maximum adsorption capacity of NBW, measuring 211.6 mg/g. The adsorption isotherm followed the Langmuir model, and concurrently, adsorption kinetics adhered to the pseudo -second -order model. Critically, NBW exhibited exceptional reusability, maintaining 81.0% of its initial adsorption capacity even after undergoing six consecutive adsorption/desorption cycles. Additionally, it demonstrated notable temporal stability, preserving more than 84.2% of its initial adsorption capacity after a fifteen-week storage period. Furthermore, NBW was used for selective and sensitive detection of Pb(II), yielding a low limit of detection of 0.13 mu g/L. The fluorescence quenching of NBW resulted from both the internal filtering effect and dynamic quenching. Importantly, the cost analysis demonstrated that the expense of removing Pb(II) per gram using NBW was only CNY 0.50, significantly lower than the cost associated with activated carbon, totaling CNY 2.11. This study lays the groundwork for the development of a long -term stable, reusable, cost-effective, and multifunctional adsorbent.
摘要：
The estimation of forest above-ground biomass (AGB) can be significantly improved by leveraging remote sensing (RS) and deep learning (DL) techniques. In this process, it is crucial to obtain appropriate RS features and develop a suitable model. However, traditional methods such as random forest (RF) feature selection often fail to adequately consider the complex relationships within high-dimensional RS feature spaces. Moreover, challenges related to parameter selection and overfitting inherent in DL models may compromise the accuracy of AGB estimation. Therefore, this study proposes a novel framework based on freely available Sentinel-1 synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and Sentinel-2 optical data. Firstly, we designed new indices through the formula analogous with vegetation index calculation to integrate multidimensional spectral and structural information. Then, leveraging the simplicity of computational principles, a pigeon-inspired optimization algorithm (PIO) was introduced into a bi-directional long short-term memory neural network (PIO-BiLSTM), which achieved the set objective function through repeated iteration and validation to obtain the optimal model parameters. Finally, to verify the framework's effect, we conducted experiments in two different tree species and compared another seven classical optimization algorithms and machine learning models. The results indicated that the new indices significantly improved the inversion accuracy of all models in both categories, and the PIO-BiLSTM model achieved the highest accuracy (Category-1: R2 = 0.8055, MAE = 8.8475 Mg center dot ha-1, RMSE = 12.2876 Mg center dot ha-1, relative RMSE = 18.1715%; Category-2: R2 = 0.7956, MAE = 1.7103 Mg center dot ha-1, RMSE = 2.2887 Mg center dot ha-1, relative RMSE = 9.3000%). Compared with existing methods, the proposed framework greatly reduced the labor costs in parameter selection, and its potential uncertainty also decreased by up to 9.0%. Furthermore, the proposed method has a strong generalization ability and is independent of tree species, indicating its great potential for future forest AGB inversion in wider regions with diverse forest types.
摘要：
Medical image segmentation is an essential prerequisite for developing healthcare systems, especially for disease diagnosis and treatment planning. Recently, Transformer has achieved great success in various medical image segmentation tasks, which has long-range dependence compared to convolution neural network (CNN). However, self-attention in Transformer regards 2D images as 1D sequences, which destroys the crucial 2D structure of the image, which only considers the adaptability in spatial dimension but ignores the adaptability in channel dimension. Transformer can result in limited localization abilities due to insufficient low-level details. To solve these problems, this paper proposes Depth-wise Separable Convolutional Attention U-shape network (DW-SCA Unet), a U-shaped encoding-decoding network for medical image segmentation. The depth-wise separable convolutional attention block absorbs the advantages of depth-wise separable convolution and transformer, including long-range dependence, local structural information and adaptability. Specifically, we use a depth-wise separable convolutional attention block as the encoder to extract contextual features. And a symmetric depth-wise separable convolutional attention block with patch expanding layer is designed to perform up-sampling operation to restore the spatial resolution of the feature maps. On the skip connections of U-shaped networks, we use Channel-wise Cross-Attention (CCA) to guide the fused multi-scale channel-wise information to efficiently connect to decoder features for eliminating the ambiguity. Experimental results showed that DW-SCA Unet achieved better performance in the Synapse multi-organ segmentation task with segmentation accuracies of 80.54%% (DSC) and 20.02% (HD). The experiments on multi-organ and cardiac segmentation tasks also demonstrate the superiority, effectiveness and robustness of our DW-SCA Unet.
摘要：
As an essential trace element for plant growth and development, manganese plays a crucial role in the uptake of the heavy metal cadmium by rice (Oryza sativa L.). In this study, we developed a novel slow-release manganese fertilizer named Mn@LNS-EL. Initially, lignin nanoparticles were derived from sodium lignosulfonate, and a one-step emulsification strategy was employed to prepare a water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) Pickering double emulsions. These double emulsions served as the template for interfacial polymerization of lignin nanoparticles and epichlorohydrin, resulting in the formation of microcapsule wall materials. Subsequently, manganese fertilizer (MnSO(4)) was successfully encapsulated within the microcapsules. Hydroponic experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of Mn@LNS-EL on rice growth and the cadmium and manganese contents in the roots and shoots of rice under cadmium stress conditions. The results revealed that the treatment with Mn@LNS-EL markedly alleviated the inhibitory effects of cadmium on rice growth, leading to notably lower cadmium levels in the rice roots and shoots compared to the specimens treated without manganese fertilizer. Specifically, there was a reduction of 37.9% in the root cadmium content and a 17.1% decrease in the shoot cadmium content. In conclusion, this study presents an innovative approach for the high-value utilization of lignin through effective encapsulation and slow-release mechanisms of trace-element fertilizers while offering a promising strategy for efficiently remediating cadmium pollution in rice.
摘要：
With the increase in people's living standards, the number of patients suffering from liver injury keeps on increasing. Traditional diagnostic methods can no longer meet the needs of early and accurate diagnosis due to their limitations in application. However, fluorescent probes based on different fluorophores and nanomaterials have been gradually lighting up medical research due to their unique properties, such as high specificity and non-invasiveness. In addition, accurate identification of the different types of liver injury biomarkers can significantly improve the level of early diagnosis. Therefore, this review reviews the fluorescent probes used in the detection of biomarkers of liver injury over recent years and briefly summarizes the corresponding biomarkers of different types of liver injury. Impressively, this review also lists the structures and the response mechanisms of the different probes, and concludes with an outlook, suggesting directions in which improvements can be made. Finally, we hope that this review will contribute to the further development of fluorescent probes for the early diagnosis and assessment of liver injury. With the increase in people's living standards, the number of patients suffering from liver injury keeps on increasing.
通讯机构：
[Li, P ] N;Nanjing Univ Finance & Econ, Coll Food Sci & Engn, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Modern Grain Circulat & Saf, Nanjing, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Apple juice;Hg(II) removal;Nano‑selenium functionalized chitosan gel beads
摘要：
The presence of potentially toxic elements and compounds poses threats to the quality and safety of fruit juices. Among these, Hg(II) is considered as one of the most poisonous heavy metals to human health. Traditional chitosan-based and selenide-based adsorbents face challenges such as poor adsorption capacity and inconvenient separation in juice applications. In this study, we prepared nano‑selenium functionalized chitosan gel beads (nanoSe@CBs) and illustrated the synergistic promotions between chitosan and nanoSe in removing Hg(II) from apple juice. The preparation conditions, adsorption behaviors, and adsorption mechanism of nanoSe@CBs were systematically investigated. The results revealed that the adsorption process was primarily controlled by chemical adsorption. At the 0.1% dosage, the adsorbent exhibited high uptake, and the maximum adsorption capacity from the Langmuir isotherm model could reach 376.5mg/g at room temperature. The adsorbent maintained high adsorption efficiency (> 90%) across a wide range of Hg(II) concentrations (0.01 to 10mg/L) and was unaffected by organic acids present in apple juice. Additionally, nanoSe@CBs showed negligible effects on the quality of apple juice. Overall, nanoSe@CBs open up possibilities to be used as a safe, low-cost and highly-efficient adsorbent for the removal of Hg(II) from juices and other liquid foods.
摘要：
Screening and identifying the active compounds in foods are important for the development and utilization of functional foods. In this study, the anti-enteritis activity of ethanol extract from Camellia oleifera oil (PECS) was quickly evaluated using a Smurf Drosophila model and the metabolomics approach, combined with molecular docking techniques, were performed to rapidly screen and identify compounds with potential anti-enteritis activity in PECS. PECS showed good anti-enteritis activity and inhibited the activity of 5-lipoxygenase (LOX), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). In particular, wighteone and p-octopamine were newly identified in C. oleifera oil and were proven to have good anti-enteritis activity. The inhibitory activity of kaempferitrin (IC(50) = 0.365 mmol L(-1)) was higher than that of wighteone (IC(50) = 0.424 mmol L(-1)) and p-octopamine (IC(50) = 0.402 mmol L(-1)). Of note, the IC(50) value of salazosulfapyridine was 0.810 mmol L(-1). Inhibition of LOX activity is likely one of the anti-enteritis mechanisms of PECS. These new findings lay the foundation for further investigations into the underlying mechanisms of anti-enteritis activity in C. oleifera oil.
摘要：
Unconventional feed, which is abundant in China, contains anti-nutritional factors and toxins; however, these can be greatly reduced with microbial fermentation, thus improving the nutrient content of the feed, enhancing animal appetites, and ultimately significantly improving the intestinal health and growth performance of animals. When oxidative stress occurs, fermented feed can effectively reduce the damage caused by stress to the gastrointestinal tract, accelerate the removal of gastrointestinal abnormalities, improve the ability to resist intestinal stress, and ensure the efficient production of animals. This review introduces the application of unconventional fermented feed in animal production, and expounds upon the function of unconventional fermented feed in animals with oxidative stress symptoms, so as to provide a theoretical reference for the development and application of unconventional fermented feed in antioxidative stress reduction.
