摘要：
Forests are essential for maintaining species diversity, stabilizing local and global climate, and providing ecosystem services. Exploring the impact of paleogeographic events and climate change on the genetic structure and distribution dynamics of forest keystone species could help predict responses to future climate change. In this study, we combined an ensemble species distribution model (eSDM) and multilocus phylogeography to investigate the spatial genetic patterns and distribution change of Quercus glauca Thunb, a keystone of East Asian subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest. A total of 781 samples were collected from 77 populations, largely covering the natural distribution of Q. glauca. The eSDM showed that the suitable habitat experienced a significant expansion after the last glacial maximum (LGM) but will recede in the future under a general climate warming scenario. The distribution centroid will migrate toward the northeast as the climate warms. Using nuclear SSR data, two distinct lineages split between east and west were detected. Within-group genetic differentiation was higher in the West than in the East. Based on the identified 58 haplotypes, no clear phylogeographic structure was found. Populations in the Nanling Mountains, Wuyi Mountains, and the southwest region were found to have high genetic diversity. A significant negative correlation between habitat stability and heterozygosity might be explained by the mixing of different lineages in the expansion region after LGM and/or hybridization between Q. glauca and closely related species. The Nanling Mountains may be important for organisms as a dispersal corridor in the west-east direction and as a refugium during the glacial period. This study provided new insights into spatial genetic patterns and distribution dynamics of Q. glauca.
摘要：
Camellia oleifera is intensively cultivated in subtropical areas of China, exposing soils to various threats. However, the effect of long-term cultivation of Camellia oleifera on soil properties remains unclear and needs to be elucidated to improve soil and Camelia oleifera sustainable management. This study collected soil samples from different Camellia oleifera planting ages (2, 10, and 40 years) and performed aggregate fractionation and various analyses including physico-chemical, soil organic matter chemical composition analyses and a semi-quantitative analysis of organic carbon functional groups to investigate the effect of long-term cultivation of Camellia oleifera on soil macroaggregates (< 2 mm), mesoaggregates (2-0.25 mm) and microaggregates (< 0.25 mm) formation, soil organic matter (SOM), available nitrogen (AN), available phosphorus (AP), and available potassium (AK). The aggregate particles increased with increasing Camellia oleifera planting ages. Camellia oleifera long-term cultivation did not affected the soil pH in the aggregates, but significantly (P < 0.05) increased SOM concentration with the decrease in soil aggregate size. Similarly, Phenolics-C, ketones-C, lignins-C, and alkenes-C increased in soil aggregates with increasing cultivation time and are mainly distributed in < 0.25 mm fraction. The aromatics-C, carboxylic-C, aliphatic-C, and polysaccharides-C declined with increasing cultivation time and were mainly distributed in 2-0.25 mm and < 2 mm fraction. AN is abundantly distributed in 2-0.25 mm and its abundance increases with Camellia oleifera long-term cultivation. All soils were poor in AP and AK. Our study indicated that long-term cultivation of Camellia oleifera promoted soil aggregate formation, increased available nitrogen (AN), soil organic matter (SOM) and controlled the change of SOM chemical composition. However, our study recommended providing available phosphorus (AP) and available potassium (AK) in soil with Camellia oleifera cultivation for sustainable management.
摘要：
Achieving seedlessness in citrus varieties is one of the important objectives of citrus breeding. Male sterility associated with abnormal pollen development is an important factor in seedlessness. However, our understanding of the regulatory mechanism underlying the seedlessness phenotype in citrus is still limited. Here, we determined that the miR159a-DUO1 module played an important role in regulating pollen development in citrus, which further indirectly modulated seed development and fruit size. Both the overexpression of csi-miR159a and the knocking out of DUO1 in Hong Kong kumquat (Fortunella hindsii) resulted in small and seedless fruit phenotypes. Moreover, pollen was severely aborted in both transgenic lines, with arrested pollen mitotic I and abnormal pollen starch metabolism. Through additional cross-pollination experiments, DUO1 was proven to be the key target gene for miR159a to regulate male sterility in citrus. Based on DNA affinity purification sequencing (DAP-seq), RNA-seq, and verified interaction assays, YUC2/YUC6, SS4 and STP8 were identified as downstream target genes of DUO1, those were all positively regulated by DUO1. In transgenic F. hindsii lines, the miR159a-DUO1 module down-regulated the expression of YUC2/YUC6, which decreased indoleacetic acid (IAA) levels and modulated auxin signaling to repress pollen mitotic I. The miR159a-DUO1 module reduced the expression of the starch synthesis gene SS4 and sugar transport gene STP8 to disrupt starch metabolism in pollen. Overall, this work reveals a new mechanism by which the miR159a-DUO1 module regulates pollen development and elucidates the molecular regulatory network underlying male sterility in citrus.
摘要：
The dowel-bearing properties of a newly laminated flattened-bamboo (LFB) composite for engineering use was studied in this research by using the 5% bolt diameter offset method. The effects of specimen dimensions, bolt diameter, density, and bolt placed direction were included. Computed tomography (CT) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to identify the failure type. The test results indicate that the parallel-to-grain dowel-bearing strength of LFB generally increased with an increasing density. When the bolt was placed along the LFB’s radial direction, the parallel-to-grain dowel-bearing strength approximately remained a constant (52 MPa) with the change of specimen dimensions and bolt diameter, while when the bolt was along the tangential direction, the dowel-bearing strength increased with the raising ratio of specimen thickness and bolt diameter. The first failure type was a crushing failure of bamboo fiber underneath the bolt, it happened when bolt diameter was small (12 mm and 14 mm) and placed along LFB’s radial direction. The second type was a splitting failure due to the lateral force generated by the bolt embedded into specimen, bamboo fiber splitting failure dominated for specimens with bolt along radial direction, while when bolt along tangential direction, glue layer splitting happened. The measured dowel-bearing strength was compared to the predictions obtained from equations in current wood specifications and articles. The results indicated that, except for the predicted values from the NDS equation (max error = 36%), which showed relatively reasonable agreement with the test values, the remaining predicted values exhibited discrepancies with the test values. To obtain proper predicted values, equations include density and ratio of specimen thickness and bolt diameter were proposed for calculation of LFB’s parallel-to-grain dowel-bearing strength.
摘要：
The optimization of explant selection and adjustment of plant growth regulators (PGRs) ratio may enhance the efficiency of micro-propagation of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis. The findings of the study suggest that the shoot tip proved to be the optimal explant for regenerating adventitious buds, with an impressive regeneration rate of 77.78% and the average number of adventitious buds being 2.86. The ideal medium consisted of Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA) at a 2 mg L-1, indoleacetic acid (IAA) at a 0.2 mg L-1, kinetin (KT) at 0.15 mg L-1, resulting in an outstanding regeneration rate of adventitious buds reaching up to 91.11%. For rooting purposes, the best medium was found be half-strength MS supplemented with indoleacetic acid (IAA) 0.5 mg L-1, achieving an rate for adventitious roots amounting to as high as 97.78%. The culture plantlets ultimately thrived, achieving an impressive transplanting survival rate of 93.33%. The application of PGRs was also found to enhance the regeneration of adventitious buds by increasing the ratios of endogenous hormones ZR/IAA and GA(3)/IAA. Additionally, it facilitated the differentiation of adventitious roots by elevating the ratios of endogenous hormones IAA/ZR, IAA/GA(3), and ABA/GA(3). Our study would provide a theoretical reference for the establishment of an efficient gardenia tissue culture system and the industrial production of gardenia.
作者：
Hu, Yanting;Schafer, Karina V. R.;Hu, Songjiang;Zhou, Wenneng;Xiang, Dong;...
期刊：
Science of The Total Environment,2024年908:168172 ISSN：0048-9697
通讯作者：
Xiang, WH;Zhou, WN
作者机构：
[Chen, Liang; Zhao, Zhonghui; Xiang, Wenhua; Zeng, Yelin; Ouyang, Shuai; Hu, Yanting; Lei, Pifeng; Hu, Songjiang; Fang, Xi; Xiang, WH; Deng, Xiangwen] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Fac Life Sci & Technol, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Chen, Liang; Zhao, Zhonghui; Xiang, Wenhua; Zeng, Yelin; Ouyang, Shuai; Hu, Yanting; Lei, Pifeng; Fang, Xi; Deng, Xiangwen] Huitong Natl Stn Sci Observat & Res Chinese Fir Pl, Huitong 438107, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Schafer, Karina V. R.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, 195 Univ Ave, Newark, NJ 07102 USA.;[Zhou, Wenneng] Guangdong Univ Technol, Guangdong Prov Key Lab Water Qual Improvement & Ec, Sch Ecol Environm & Resources, Guangzhou 510006, Peoples R China.;[Xiang, Dong] Forestry Bur Huaihua Perfecture, Huaihua 418099, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Xiang, WH ] C;[Zhou, WN ] G;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Fac Life Sci & Technol, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Guangdong Univ Technol, Sch Ecol, Environm & Resources, Guangzhou 510006, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Carbon isotope composition;Hydraulic efficiency;Hydraulic traits;Photosynthetic traits;Phylogenetic signal;Water use strategy
摘要：
Leaf carbon isotope composition (δ(13)C) provides an integrative record on the carbon and water balance of plants over long periods. Photosynthetic ability and hydraulic traits which are highly associated with stomatal behavior could affect leaf δ(13)C. Association between photosynthetic ability and leaf δ(13)C has been examined, however, how hydraulic traits influence leaf δ(13)C has not been fully understood. To fill this gap, we investigated the variations in leaf δ(13)C among 2591 woody species (547 shrub and 2044 tree species), and analyzed the link of leaf δ(13)C with leaf photosynthetic and xylem hydraulic traits. Our result showed that leaf δ(13)C was positively correlated to leaf photosynthetic ability and capacity. For hydraulic traits, leaf δ(13)C was negatively related to hydraulic conductivity (K(s)), xylem pressure inducing 50% loss of hydraulic conductivity (P(50)) and vessel diameter (V(dia)). Associations of leaf δ(13)C with xylem hydraulic traits indicate woody species with stronger hydraulic safety discriminated less against (13)C, while woody species with higher hydraulic efficiency had more negative leaf δ(13)C. Shrub species, which showed a lower V(dia) and P(50), had a significant less negative leaf δ(13)C than tree species. Furthermore, woody species inhabiting in dry regions discriminated less against (13)C than those growing in humid regions. Moreover, leaf δ(13)C displayed a low phylogenetic signal based on Blomberg's K statistic. Overall, woody species with a higher leaf photosynthetic ability or stronger hydraulic safety system discriminated less against (13)C and adopt the provident water use strategy.
摘要：
Laser cladding was used to fabricate the high entropy alloy (HEA) coating of FeCoCrNiMnx (x = 0, 0.5, 1). Coatings were studied to determine how Mn affected the microstructure, microhardness, and tribological property. Molecular dynamics simulations were used to examine the atomic-scale deformation and wear behavior of FeCoCrNiMn HEA coatings. FeCoCrNiMnx HEA coatings were composed of single FCC-type solid solution. Friction reduction and wear resistance are improved with Mn doping. When compared to the substrate and FeCoCrNi coating, the wear resistance of Mn1 coating is superior by 69.34% and 25.05%, respectively (wear rate is 3.74 x10- 5 mm3/N center dot m). The findings of molecular dynamics simulations demonstrate that Mn-doping significantly enhances strain hardening by the friction-induced FCC phase transition to the HCP phase. The deformation mechanism of Mn1 coating, as determined by the dislocation evolution pattern, is twinning induced plasticity, which improves the plasticity, strength, and work-hardening rate of coating all at once.
摘要：
In order to investigate the dynamic response of embankment slopes supported by wooden frame beams and bamboo anchor rods under train loading, this study conducted model tests on embankment slopes supported by wooden frame beams and bamboo anchor rods and carried out three-dimensional numerical simulations of the slopes. This study focused on analyzing the effects of train loading frequency, the peak value difference, and the peak value of the soil pressure on the embankment slopes. This study also analyzed the horizontal displacement of the slope surface, the internal forces in the support structure, and the slope safety factor. The results indicated the following: (1) The increase in loading frequency from 2 Hz to 3 Hz resulted in a significant increase in dynamic soil pressure, with a smaller increase observed upon further frequency increments. Moreover, increasing the load or peak value difference led to an overall increase in the maximum dynamic soil pressure. (2) Under various loading conditions, the axial force in the top anchor rod was significantly greater than that in the middle anchor rod. Additionally, the axial force in the rod body exhibited a pattern of larger forces near the anchorage end and smaller forces near the anchor head. The location of the maximum bending moment in the anchor rod transitioned from the anchor head to the anchorage end as the slope depth increased. The bending moment of the anchor rod increased with the loading frequency but decreased with an increase in the peak value, showing a minor influence from the upper and lower peak values. (3) With the presence of this support system, the slope safety factor increased by 20.13%. A noticeable reduction in the horizontal displacement of the slope surface was observed, with the greatest reduction in the top slope area, followed by the slope angle.
通讯机构：
[Sun, DL ] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Bamboo is an environmentally friendly building structural material. This work investigated the cavity structural characteristics and physical and mechanical properties of honeycomb sandwiches and natural bamboo in the longitudinal direction. The effective elastic parameters of periodically arranged hexagonal bamboo honeycomb cells under in-plane and out-of-plane loads were modeled using analytical and numerical approaches. Then, the effective elastic parameter model of bamboo honeycomb cells was validated by experiments and finite element analysis. The average errors between the calculated and experimental equivalent modulus of elasticity, Poisson's ratio, and shear modulus in the three principal axis directions were 7.43, 4.37, and 8.68%, respectively. The average relativities between the model values of the elastic parameters of the bamboo honeycomb cell and the simulation results in the three directions were 5.46, 5.40, and 6.12%, respectively. The experimental and finite element analysis showed that the constructed effective elastic parameter model of the bamboo honeycomb cell better reflected the state of the bamboo core when subjected to force. This study provides insights for further research on the mechanical properties of bamboo materials and their application in bamboo-based lightweight and high-strength sandwich structures.
摘要：
Lightweight polymer composites promise incredible applications in aerospace, seaprobes, and medical apparatus. However, their performance is generally limited by a trade-off between mechanical strength and toughness. Herein, a crystallinity mitigating strategy driven by highly aligned bamboo macrofibers embedded in a polycaprolactone polyol (PCL) matrix for producing ultrastrong and tough lightweight polymer composites is proposed. The embedded bamboo macrofibers have oxygen-containing functional groups on the fiber surface, that can interact with functional groups (ester and hydroxyl groups) in the molecular chains of the PCL in the form of hydrogen bonds, thus preventing the aggregation of molecular chains and the crystallization of PCL, which ultimately leads to unprecedented toughness. Meanwhile, the bamboo macrofibres with intrinsically aligned microstructure, can enable effective stress transfer and dissipation, providing remarkable ultrahigh strength. As a result, the obtained lightweight polymer composite achieves ultrahigh mechanical strength (31.5 MPa) and superior toughness (21.7 MJ m-3) at an unprecedented low density (1.07 g cm-3), representing the state-of-the-art in reported lightweight polymers. Such lightweight polymer composite has the potential to greatly expedite the practical realization of artificial medical materials, including orthopedic instruments and joint prostheses. Herein, a crystallinity mitigation strategy driven by the embedding of highly aligned bamboo fibers into a polycaprolactone polyol (PCL) matrix is employed. At the same time, the bamboo fibers have an inherently aligned microstructure to effectively dissipate stress, and the resulting lightweight PCL composite achieves superior mechanical strength and excellent toughness at unmatched low density. image
摘要：
Reducing the ignition temperature of aromatic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is a long-term pursuit for environmental pollution treatment and industrial application. In this paper, the toluene catalytic combustion was ignited at ultra-low temperature of 73 degrees C over a poplar wood monolithic catalyst with highly dispersed Pd particles coated by nano-thick graphited carbon layer via in-situ carbonization. Combing the characterizations and DFT calculations, the satisfying catalytic performance could be attributed to two aspects: (i) the unrestricted mass transfer of reactant and the high dispersity of Pd were simultaneously ensured in the straight micrometer-channel with abundant surface anchoring groups of poplar wood; (ii) the nano-thick graphited carbon layer on Pd significantly enhanced the oxygen activation. Given the low cost of economic wood and facile preparation technique, this work opened up new alternative for the preparation of highly dispersed noble metal catalyst and the low temperature catalytic combustion of aromatic VOCs in industry.
摘要：
The use of renewable materials as structural components for constructing superhydrophobic coatings is an important direction for future development. Here, a robust and photothermal superhydrophobic coating (with a water contact angle of 166.1 +/- 0.8 degrees and a sliding angle of 2.8 +/- 0.1 degrees) is fabricated using dual-size lignin micro-nanospheres (LMNSs), comprising lignin microspheres (m-LMNSs) and nanospheres (n-LMNSs), which successively settle on the substrate surface under the effect of gravity. The microstructure armor formed by the combination of m-LMNSs and epoxy resin endows the coating with excellent abrasion resistance and bonding strength. Moreover, the presence of n-LMNSs within the cavities provides water repellency. The coating maintains superhydrophobicity even after the abrasion distance exceeds 320 cm or after 210 tape peeling cycles. The coating also exhibits robustness under various forms of mechanical and chemical damage. Furthermore, the photothermal effect of the coating enables rapid heating of its surface temperature from similar to 13 to 112 degrees C in only 60 s under laser irradiation. This innovative structural regulation approach enhances the durability and photothermal performance of lignin-based superhydrophobic coatings, demonstrating the practical applicability of the approach.
通讯机构：
[Zhang, L ] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Key Lab Cultivat & Protect Nonwood Forest Trees, Minist Educ, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Mu oil tree;Flower development;Sexual dimorphism;Sex bias;Ethylene
摘要：
The mu oil tree (Vernicia montana Lour.) is a dioecious species, but the genetic mechanisms underlying its phenotypic sexual dimorphism are unclear. In this study, we determined two pivotal phases of sex differentiation of mu oil tree via morphological and histological analyses of unisexual flowers: (I) differentiation of male or female primordia to produce staminate flowers (SFs) or transient hermaphrodite flowers (HFs), and (II) complete abortion of stamens in transient HFs to generate pistillate flowers (PFs). A total of 1621 sex-biased genes were identified by comparative transcriptome analysis which exhibited elevated rates of protein evolution than unbiased genes. The female-biased genes were enriched in the production of defense compounds while male-biased genes were focused on the production of viable pollens. Transcriptome-based analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between PFs and SFs in phase I involved in abscisic acid (ABA), auxin (AUX), cytokinin (CK), ethylene (ET), and gibberellin (GA) biosynthesis and signaling showed higher expression levels in males than in females in general, whereas the DEGs involved in jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA) pathways displayed opposite expression patterns. Moreover, differentially expressed endogenous ABA, AUX, GAs, JA, and SA exhibited consistent biased expression patterns with the DEGs by UPLC-MS-based analysis. Exogenous application of an anti-ethylene plant growth regulator could promote the development of stamens in PFs and generated HFs. Comparative transcriptomic and hormonal analyses of PFs and SFs in phase II indicated an increase in ET concentration when abortion of stamens in PFs occurred. This study suggested that phytohormones play key roles in sex dimorphism and ET may determine the development of stamens in PFs of mu oil tree, which provides an insight into plant sex differentiation mechanisms.
摘要：
Whitfordiodendron filipes var. tomentosum is an endemic plant in China. There have been no chemical or pharmacological studies of this plant reported before. In the current research, eight triterpenes and two steroids were obtained. Their structures were established by the analysis of NMR data and comparison with those reported in the literature. These ten structurally diverse compounds comprised five distinct carbon frameworks with different functionalities. The chemotaxonomic significance of these secondary metabolites was discussed, disclosing the common components between the variant W. filipes var. tomentosum and the species W. filipe. Evaluation of α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of these isolates disclosed that compounds 1, 2, 4, and 6 exhibited significant α-glucosidase inhibitory activities (IC(50) = 16.6-19.2 μM), which were close in value to the positive control acarbose (IC(50) = 11.5 μM). Moreover, the binding modes between the biologically active compounds 1, 2, 4, and 6 and the α-glucosidase protein were preliminarily studied using molecular docking. This study not only showed the chemical and biological profile of the plant W. filipes var. tomentosum but also revealed that these components could be developed as hypoglycemic lead compounds.
作者机构：
[Peng, Jiqing; Peng, JQ; Xue, Chao; Gao, Yu; Cao, Shoujin; Zhang, Yaoyi; Wen, Yuxing; Chen, Tingfeng; Sheng, Song] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Forestry, 498 South Shaoshan Rd, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;[Peng, Jiqing; Peng, JQ; Sheng, Song] Hunan Agr Univ, Yuelushan Lab, Qiushi Bldg, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Peng, Jiqing; Peng, JQ; Sheng, Song] Belt & Rd Int Union Res Ctr Trop Arid Nonwood Fore, 498 South Shaoshan Rd, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Peng, JQ; Cao, SJ ] C;[Peng, JQ ] H;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Forestry, 498 South Shaoshan Rd, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;Hunan Agr Univ, Yuelushan Lab, Qiushi Bldg, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;Belt & Rd Int Union Res Ctr Trop Arid Nonwood Fore, 498 South Shaoshan Rd, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.
关键词：
hormone;regulation of flowering;transcriptome;molecular mechanism
摘要：
Understanding the molecular mechanisms that regulate flower growth, development, and opening is of paramount importance, yet these processes remain less explored at the genetic level. Flower development in Hydrangea paniculata 'Vanilla Strawberry' is finely tuned through hormonal signals, yet the genetic underpinnings are not well defined. This study addresses the gap by examining the influence of gibberellic acid (GA3), salicylic acid (SA), and ethylene (ETH) on the flowering traits and underlying molecular responses. Treatment with 100 mg/L SA significantly improved chlorophyll content and bolstered the accumulation of soluble sugars and proteins, advancing the flowering onset by 6 days and lengthening the flowering period by 11 days. Concurrently, this treatment enhanced inflorescence dimensions, increasing length, width, and petal area by 22.76%, 26.74%, and 27.45%, respectively. Contrastingly, 100 mg/L GA3 expanded inflorescence size but postponed flowering initiation and decreased inflorescence count. Higher concentrations of SA and GA3, as well as any concentration of ETH, resulted in delayed flowering and inferior inflorescence attributes. A physiological analysis over 50 days revealed that these regulators variably affected sugar and protein levels and modified antioxidant enzyme activities. An RNA-seq analysis during floral development highlighted significant transcriptomic reprogramming, with SA treatment downregulating Myb transcription factors, implicating them in the modulation of flowering timing and stress adaptation. These findings illuminate the complex interplay between hormonal treatments, gene expression, and flowering phenotypes in Hydrangea paniculata, offering valuable perspectives for ornamental horticulture optimization.
摘要：
Firmiana danxiaensis (F. danxiaensis) is a special native species with a narrow distribution. More than 90 % of the plant species in the genus that F. danxiaensis belongs to are rare species with a narrow distribution. The main distribution area is Mount Danxia, a representative area of China Danxia where many endemic species of the Danxia landform have been bred. We carried out a gap analysis by overlapping the nature reserves with the potential habitat of F. danxiaensis. The results show that: (1) the potential habitat area of F. danxiaensis is 6,255.28 km(2) simulated by the Biomod2 ensemble model and 4,114.19 km(2) by Maxent, respectively, which accounted for 3.48 % and 2.29 % of the study area, located in Nanxiong county, Shixing county, Renhua county, and Qujiang county; (2) F. danxiaensis prefers areas with the max temperature of the warmest month over 32.5degree celsius, the temperature seasonality between 6000 and 7000, and the occurrence probability of F. danxiaensis was at its highest level when the max temperature of the warmest month reached between 36 and 37 degrees C, the temperature seasonality was nearly 7000; (3) more than 40 % of the potential habitat of F. danxiaensis was anthropogenically disturbed; (4) in the potential habitat simulated by Maxent, the conservation gap area is 3,390.26 km(2), accounting for 82.40 % of the total potential habitat, in the potential habitat simulated by Biomod2 ensemble model, the conservation gap area is 4.899.62 km(2), accounting for 78.33 % of the total potential habitat. The protection status of F. danxiensis is poor, with populations of F. danxiaensis in Yingde and Shixing not covered by nature reserves and already subject to serious human disturbance. It is recommended that the structure of existing protected areas be adjusted, the scope of corresponding nature reserves be appropriately expanded, and new nature reserves be added to ensure the sustainable development of F. danxiaensis populations.
作者机构：
[Li, Zhi; Zhu, Mingshan; Zhou, Daixi] Jinan Univ, Sch Environm, Guangdong Key Lab Environm Pollut & Hlth, Guangzhou 511443, Peoples R China.;[Hu, Xinjiang] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Environm Sci & Engn, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;[Chen, Li] Chinese Peoples Liberat Army Gen Hosp, Med Ctr 1, Dept Gen Practice, Beijing 100853, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Chen, L ] C;[Zhu, MS ] J;Jinan Univ, Sch Environm, Guangdong Key Lab Environm Pollut & Hlth, Guangzhou 511443, Peoples R China.;Chinese Peoples Liberat Army Gen Hosp, Med Ctr 1, Dept Gen Practice, Beijing 100853, Peoples R China.
关键词：
advanced oxidation process;persulfate;reactive oxygen species;single atom catalysts;substance
摘要：
In this review, SACs with different metal species and substrates are summarized to investigate the metal−support interaction effects on the persulfate oxidation reaction for water treatments. Abstract With maximum utilization of active metal sites, more and more researchers have reported using single atom catalysts (SACs) to activate persulfate (PS) for organic pollutants removal. In SACs, single metal atoms (Fe, Co, Cu, Mn, etc.) and different substrates (porous carbon, biochar, graphene oxide, carbon nitride, MOF, MoS2, and others) are the basic structural. Metal single atoms, substances, and connected chemical bonds all have a great influence on the electronic structures that directly affect the activation process of PS and degradation efficiency to organic pollutants. However, there are few relevant reviews about the interaction between metal single atoms and substances during PS activation process. In this review, the SACs with different metal species and substrates are summarized to investigate the metal−support interaction and evaluate their effects on PS oxidation reaction process. Furthermore, how metal atoms and substrates affect the reactive species and degradation pathways are also discussed. Finally, the challenges and prospects of SACs in PS‐AOPs are proposed.
摘要：
Improving the adsorption performance of wetland fillers is of great significance for enhancing pollutant removal in constructed wetlands. Currently, limited by complex preparation processes and high costs, large numbers of high adsorption fillers studied in lab are difficult to be applied in practical engineering. In this study, a newly low-cost and efficient phosphorus removal composite wetland filler (CFB) is prepared by using industrial and agriculture waste (steel slag and oyster shells) and natural ore (volcanic rock) as raw materials. The results show that phosphorus removal efficiency was largely enhanced by synergistic effects of steel slag, oyster shells, and volcanic rock, and it was mainly influenced by the proportion of each component of CFB. Based on the fitting of the classical isothermal equation, the adsorption capacity of CFB is 18.339 mg/g. The adsorption of phosphorus by CFB is endothermic and spontaneous, and there are heterogeneous surfaces and multi-layer adsorption processes, as well as pH value and temperature, are free from the influence on CFB phosphorus removal. During the practical wastewater application experiments, the phosphorus removal rate of the CFB-filled constructed wetland apparatus (CW-A) can reach 94.89% and is free from the influence on the removal of other pollutants (COD, TN, and NH(3)-N) by the system. Overall, the prepared CFB is of excellent decontamination effect, an extremely simple preparation process, low cost, and sound practical engineering application potential, providing new ideas and approaches for enhancing the phosphorus removal capacity and waste resource utilization of constructed wetland systems.
关键词：
Battery electric vehicle;Energy flow;Vehicle test;Integrated simulation;Driving cycles
摘要：
To comprehensively investigate the energy distribution and performance of a battery electric vehicle (BEV), an integrated simulation model based on energy flow test data was developed and validated, and the energy flow characteristics of the BEV throughout the entire driving range in low-temperature conditions were studied. The results show that the battery heat loss and motor energy loss first increase and then decrease with an increment in cycle number, while the transmission loss first decreases and then remains constant. The energy recovery efficiency demonstrates an incremental trend with the number of cycles post-battery charging, while the energy utilization efficiency experiences a decline due to escalating energy losses within the power distribution unit (PDU). The energy flow characteristics of the BEV exhibit a pronounced connection with the speed properties inherent in the driving cycle. The battery charge energy is maximal under Urban Dynamometer Driving Schedule (UDDS), whereas the electricity consumption per 100 km is minimized under China light-duty vehicle test cyclepassenger (CLTC-P). Conversely, the energy utilization and recovery efficiency are the highest under Worldwide Light-duty Test Cycle (WLTC). These findings provide directional insights, theoretical support and data basis for rational performance evaluation and optimal energy distribution of BEVs.
摘要：
With the rapid growth of Internet data, recommendation systems have become the basic technology to alleviate information overload. The session-based recommendation (SBR) is a challenging task, and its purpose is to predict user behavior based on anonymous sessions. The existing SBR methods need to be improved in capturing the complex conversion relationship of items. In contrast, Graph Neural Network (GNN) can capture the complex conversion between items by modeling sessions as graph structure data. However, current methods just sort the clicked items within a session based on time, without utilizing the temporal information between sessions, leading to poor recommendation performance. To improve the accuracy of session recommendation (SR), we propose an SBR model based on GNN with Combined Temporal (CT-GNN) information. The proposed CT-GNN model is built based on the time of session occurrence, and it can learn the temporal association relationship between session items to enrich the connection between items. More importantly, based on the diversity problem faced by current SRs, which refers to the tendency of users to engage with popular items and resulting in limited exposure for other items, the CT-GNN model uses the Local Item Representation Learning (LIRL) module to learn users' local preferences. Through the LIRL module, the CT-GNN can capture users' interests, boost item exposure, and increase recommendation diversity. The experimental results show that the CT-GNN model is superior to the state-of-the-art SBR methods, with MRR scores 1.1 %∼3.4 % higher than the best-performing baseline; recall scores 0.9 %∼2.3 % higher than the best-performing baseline, and alleviates the diversity problem faced by SR, greatly improving the speed of model convergence, and the training time is 13.6 %∼20.7 % of the best-performing baseline.
