期刊：
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE & BIOTECHNOLOGY,2009年84(4):415-420 ISSN：1462-0316
通讯作者：
Jin, Xiao-Ling
作者机构：
[Jin, Xiao-Ling] Cent S Univ Forestry & Technol, Environm & Art Design Sch, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Dong-Lin; Zhang, Ri-Qing] Cent S Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Resource & Environm, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[He, Ping] China Int Engn Consulting Corp, Dept Agr Forestry & Water, Beijing 100044, Peoples R China.;[Cao, Fu-Xiang] Cent S Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Life Sci, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Jin, Xiao-Ling] C;Cent S Univ Forestry & Technol, Environm & Art Design Sch, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Zelkova schneideriana Hand.-Mazz. is a high-value plant used for hardwood tumber production in China. Because of over-harvesting and limited numbers of seedlings for plantations, Z. schneideriana has become an endangered species in China. To grow this plant sustainably, we generated a protocol to reproduce this species using tissue culture. Leaf explants were cultured on Wood Plant Medium (WPM), Murashige and Skoog (MS), 1/2MS (main elements), or B5 media variously supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine (BA), naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), or 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) to induce callus, adventitious shoots, and rooting. WPM was the most effective medium for callus induction and resulted in two types of calli from leaf explants. One was soft and straw-yellow coloured on WPM containing 0.45, 4.54, 9.08, or 13.62 NM 2,4-D or on WPM supplemented with 4.44 mu M BA in combination with 0.45 or 4.54 NM 2,4-D. The other callus type was friable and green on WPM supplemented with 0.44, 4.44, 8.88, or 13.32 mu M BA or on WPM supplemented with 4.44 mu M BA in combination with 0.54 or 5.37 mu M NAA. Only the latter callus type was observed to regenerate plantlets. WPM supplemented with 4.44 mu M BA plus 2.68 mu M NAA had a 64.5% shooting rate, with 6.75 shoots per callus. Rooting at 70.0%, with an average of 3.6 roots per shoot, was obtained on WPM supplemented with 2.46 mu M IBA in combination with 2.0 g l(-1) activated charcoal (AC). In total, 86% of regenerated Z. schneideriana plantlets survived after acclimation to a greenhouse at 24 degrees +/- 2 degrees C under a 16 h photoperiod provided by cool-white fluorescent lights (PPFD = 65.5 mu mol m(-2) s(-1)), and 100% survived after transplanting to an experimental field plot.
摘要：
Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] is toxic and readily adsorbed by some adsorbents; therefore, its removal from wastewater is extremely important. Batch adsorption of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution using raw and acid-modified activated carbon was investigated in this study. The Cr(VI) sorption was found to be dependent on pH, contact time, initial concentration of solution, adsorbent dose, and temperature. The maximum efficiencies of Cr(VI) removal were 97.67 and 99.87% for activated carbon (AC0) and modified activated carbon (AC1), respectively. The maximum adsorption capacity was found to be 4.75 and 5.95 mg/g for AC0 and AC1, respectively. Thermodynamic parameters indicate that the adsorption process was endothermic and spontaneous in nature. Freundlich adsorption isotherm model was fitted well the equilibrium data for both adsorbents. The Cr(VI) uptake by AC0 and AC1 followed pseudo first-order and second-order kinetics, but was best described by the pseudo second-order rate model. The results also showed that both film diffusion and intraparticle diffusion were concurrently operating, but that intraparticle diffusion controlled the adsorption mechanism.
摘要：
The efforts to genetically improve teaoil camellia, Camellia oleifera Abel, started more than two thousand years ago when forest dwellers chose to use seeds to extract table oil and later selectively planted teaoil camellia trees. Since the 1970s, China has sponsored many national-level projects on genetics studies and selective breeding of this taxon. So far, over 200 superior cultivars, families, clones, and hybrids have been selected, and those varieties have markedly improved the productivity of teaoil by renovation of low-yielding plantations and application of superior new varieties. The analysis of present production status and the situation of genetic improvement in teaoil indicate that mutation breeding and biotechnological improve-ment should be emphasized based on conventional breeding methods. Rich germplasm resources should benefit a molecular breeding program.
