作者：
Su, Xijing;Liu, Luyun;Yi, Pei;Chen, Cunyou;Zhang, Minhuan
期刊：
International Journal of Biometeorology,2024年68(8):1483-1496 ISSN：0020-7128
通讯作者：
Liu, LY
作者机构：
[Yi, Pei; Zhang, Minhuan; Liu, Luyun; Chen, Cunyou; Su, Xijing] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Sch Landscape Architecture, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Su, Xijing] Tianjin Chengjian Univ, Sch Architecture, Tianjin 300384, Peoples R China.;[Chen, Cunyou] Hunan Big Data Engn Technol Res Ctr Nat Protected, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Liu, LY ] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Sch Landscape Architecture, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
High-density central district;Morphological spatial pattern;K-means clustering;Thermal environment;ENVI-met simulation
摘要：
Intense urban development and high urban density cause the thermal environment in urban centers to deteriorate continuously, affecting the quality of the living environment. In this study, 707.49 hectares of land in the central area of Changsha were divided into 121 plots. 11 microclimate-related morphological indicators were comprehensively selected, and the K-means method was used for cluster analysis. Then, the relationship between morphological clusters and the thermal environment was explored by simulating the thermal environment of the study area with ENVI-met. First, five spatial types were found to characterize the area: high-level with high floor area ratio, low density, and low greenery; middle-level with high floor area ratio high density; medium-capacity with high density and small volume; low-level with low density and high greenery; and low floor area ratio, low density, and high greenery. Second, the building windward surface density, sky openness, building density, floor area ratio and green space rate affect the thermal environment. Third, Cluster3 had the highest average air temperature (Ta), followed by Cluster5, furthermore Clusters4, 1, and2 had relatively low Ta. The spatial vitality index and green space rate in Cluster1; the area-weighted building shape index, average building volume and sky openness in Cluster2; green space rate in Cluster3; indicators such as the floor area ratio and green space rate in Cluster4; indicators such as the impervious surface rate and green space rate in Cluster5 had greater influences on Ta. Fourthly, simply increasing the area of green space cannot maximize the cooling effect of green spaces. Instead, constructing an equalized greening network can better regulate the thermal environment. Fifthly, the results provide a scientific basis for the design and the regulation of urban centers.
摘要：
Monitoring ecological resource change in mountainous and hilly areas (MHAs) is vital for theoretical and practical advancements of ecological resource utilization and management in complex ecosystems. The factors driving structural and functional changes in green eco-spaces (GES) in these areas are complex and uncertain, with notable spatial scale effects. However, analyzing the multi-scale driving mechanisms of ecological and socioeconomic factors at a fine spatiotemporal scale presents significant challenges. To address these challenges, we analyzed dynamic changes in GES and eco-socio-economic development in Shanghang County, a typical mountainous region in southern China. We used multiple linear regression and multi-scale geographically weighted regression model to identify key factors driving GES changes and their multi-scale effects at both global and local levels. Over the past two decades, the GES area in the study area has exhibited a consistent pattern of decline, characterized by phases of gradual decline (2000-2005), sharp decline (2005-2009), slow decline (2009-2019). Key global factors driving GES changes included elevation (ELE), slope (SLOPE), population density (PD), distance to settlements (SETTLE), and distance to administrative centers (ADMIN). These factors exhibited significant spatial heterogeneity and multi-scale effects on GES changes. Specifically, SETTLE, PD, SLOPE, and ELE consistently drove GES changes at the local level, while ADMIN only showed significant localized effects during 2005-2009. The synergy between SETTLE and SLOPE had a considerable impact on GES changes, increasing over time, whereas ELE and PD demonstrated a consistent trade-off effect. These findings provide detailed spatiotemporal insights into the driving mechanisms of natural ecological resources, offering crucial guidance for environmental management, land source management, regional economic development, and biodiversity conservation in Shanghang and analogous subtropical hilly regions worldwide.
通讯机构：
[Chen, CY ] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Landscape Architecture, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;Hunan Prov Nat Reserve Landscape Resources Big Dat, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Inst Urban & Rural Landscape Ecol, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.
关键词：
landscape pattern evolution;surface runoff;karst landscape;land use transfer intensity map;SCS-CN model;policy
摘要：
To control and improve the phenomena of rocky desertification and soil erosion in karst landform areas, which are caused by a series of human factors that include social and economic development and human activities, China has successively introduced many policies, resulting in spatial and temporal changes in the landscape pattern of the southern karst area. In this study, land use transfer intensity maps, the grid method, the sample line method, the semivariogram method, and the Spearman analysis method are used to explore the spatial and temporal evolutions in surface runoff as responses to landscape pattern and policy factors in karst landform area. Therefore, this study provides theoretical and policy support for improving the regional landscape structure, optimizing the landscape layout, introducing regional policies, reducing surface runoff, and alleviating soil erosion. The results show that the best scale for the study of landscape patterns in the southern karst area is 3000 m. Forests are the land type that make up the highest proportion in the southern karst area, and they have the strongest interception capacity for surface runoff. The spatial and temporal distributions of the surface runoff are significantly different, and urban expansion has led to an increase in impervious runoff year over year. Runoff is positively correlated with the Shannon diversity index (SHDI), patch density (PD), and landscape shape index (LSI). The stronger the landscape heterogeneity, the more runoff. DIVISION is positively correlated with forest runoff and negatively correlated with other land types. The higher is the degree of aggregation of impervious patches, the higher the regional runoff rate. The more dispersed the forest patches are, the smaller the area proportion, and the greater the runoff. In addition, policy factors have a significant impact on surface runoff.
作者机构：
[Wei, Baojing; Chen, Cunyou; Wang, Yezi; Hu, Xijun] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Landscape Architecture, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;[Wei, Baojing; Chen, Cunyou; Wang, Yezi; Hu, Xijun] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Hunan Big Data Engn Res Ctr Nat Protected Areas La, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;[Wei, Baojing; Chen, Cunyou; Wang, Yezi; Hu, Xijun] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Inst Urban & Rural Landscape Ecol, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;[Wei, Baojing; Chen, Cunyou; Wang, Yezi; Hu, Xijun] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Yuelushan Lab Carbon Sinks Forests Variety Innovat, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;[Wei, Baojing] MNR, Technol Innovat Ctr Ecol Protect & Restorat Dongti, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Hu, XJ ] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Landscape Architecture, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Hunan Big Data Engn Res Ctr Nat Protected Areas La, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Inst Urban & Rural Landscape Ecol, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Yuelushan Lab Carbon Sinks Forests Variety Innovat, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Landscape ecological risk;Risk prediction;Geographically weighted regression;Southern hill and mountain belt;Driving factors
摘要：
Hills and mountains cover approximately 25 % of Earth’s landmass; therefore, investigating landscape ecological risk (LER) in these regions is imperative for ecosystem management. Hilly and mountainous regions susceptible to influences such as desertification and erosion include the Southern Hill and Mountainous Belt (SHMB) in southern China. Over the past 30 years, the SHMB has undergone significant changes, offering an excellent research case. A comprehensive assessment of the ecological status of this region is crucial for the protection and management of the ecosystems in the SHMB. This study assessed the LER of the SHMB, identified influencing factors over the past 30 years, and utilized a patch-generating land-use simulation model (PLUS) to project future land use and LER. Accounting for more than 90 % of the total area, cropland and forestland were the two most common land use types in the SHMB. From 1990 to 2020, impervious surface and water area saw obvious increases, rising by 154 % (from 1209.37 km2 to 3073.59 km2) and 21 % (from 1584.78 km2 to 1924.8 km2), respectively. Grasslands and shrublands decreased by 54 % and 34 %. It is anticipated that there will be little change in land-use types by 2030 compared to 2020. Additionally, the overall LER in the SHMB was low, with low- and medium–low-risk representing around 70 % of the overall risk. The general state of LER improved during the research period but did not converge. Specifically, the LER intensity did not decrease although the total LER showed a declining trend. In the western portion of the research region, the karst area displayed an increasing LER, and the severity of the high-risk area increased. Furthermore, natural factors promote the restoration of LER. For example, the abundance of hydrothermal conditions (i.e., increased temperature and precipitation) promotes the recovery of vegetation growth and reduces the LER. Human activities, such as the construction of stations, highways, and an increasing population, exacerbate LER, contributing to an increase in LER. This study offers helpful guidance for formulating ecological conservation strategies to maintain the ecological balance and sustainability of hilly and mountainous regions.
通讯机构：
[Chen, CY ] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Landscape Architecture, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;Hunan Prov Nat Reserve Landscape Resources Big Dat, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Inst Urban & Rural Landscape Ecol, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.
关键词：
landscape pattern evolution;surface runoff;SCS-CN model;driving factors;Chang-Zhu-Tan metropolitan area
摘要：
<jats:p>With the acceleration of urbanization, the disturbance to urban landscape patterns causes changes to urban surface runoff and increases the risk of urban waterlogging. We studied the response relationship between landscape pattern change and surface runoff in the Chang–Zhu–Tan metropolitan area for the period from 2000 to 2020, analyzing the driving factors that affected surface runoff. The influence of landscape pattern evolution on surface runoff was studied using the SCS-CN flow generation model, the moving window method, and Pearson’s analysis. The analysis showed that between 2000 and 2020, the forest area decreased, while the impermeable land area increased substantially. At the same time, the landscape spread degree (CONTAG) decreased, whereas the landscape fragmentation degree (DIVISION) increased, and the Shannon diversity index (SHDI) and landscape shape index (LSI) increased. The surface runoff in the main urban areas of Chang–Zhu–Tan increased substantially. The results showed that surface runoff is negatively correlated with SHDI, LSI, and DIVISION but displays a positive relationship to CONTAG. Soil texture and precipitation had the greatest impact on surface runoff. This study emphasizes the importance of landscape pattern evolution to surface runoff in rapidly developing metropolitan areas in terms of reducing surface runoff, alleviating urban waterlogging and preventing regional floods. Our research additionally seeks to optimize the landscape pattern of the Chang–Zhu–Tan metropolitan area.</jats:p>
作者机构：
[Chen, Cunyou; Wang, Yezi; Luo, Ziwei; Hu, Xijun] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Landscape Architecture, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;[Chen, Cunyou; Wang, Yezi; Luo, Ziwei; Hu, Xijun] Hunan Prov Big Data Engn Technol Res Ctr Nat Prote, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Xijun Hu] C;College of Landscape Architecture, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China<&wdkj&>Hunan Provincial Big Data Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Protected Areas Landscape Resources, Changsha 410004, China<&wdkj&>Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
关键词：
SD-PLUS model;MLP-ANN model;territorial spatial layout;driving factors;Dongting Lake Basin
摘要：
The study of spatial layout in China is changing from land use/land cover to territorial spatial layout and is mostly carried out at the administrative division scale. However, the driving factors affecting the evolution of territorial spatial layout are not all influenced by administrative boundaries. As cities are mostly centered on lakes and water systems, the evolution of territorial spatial layout in lake-type basins must have its own special characteristics. Taking the Dongting Lake Basin (DLB), a representative lake-type basin in China, as an example, this study identifies its territorial spatial layout elements and couples the system dynamics model with the patch-generating land-use simulation model based on multi-layer perceptron artificial neural networks. This study identified the best combination of driving factors and research step size affecting the evolution of territorial spatial layout. An improved quantitative spatial coupling model was used to simulate the territorial spatial layout of the DLB from 2000 to 2050 and identify its evolutionary characteristics and trends at both the elemental level and for three types of space. The simulation and prediction of territorial spatial layout from the lake-type basin hydrology scale can provide a reference for the formulation of regional territorial spatial planning policies.
通讯机构：
[Hu, XJ ] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Ecosystem service value;Landscape ecological risk;Spatiotemporal change;Interactive relationship;Hunan Province
摘要：
Ecosystem services and ecological risk prevention are important factors that influence for sustainable socio-economic development. In recent years, fewer studies, and practices have been conducted on the value of ecosystem services and ecological risk management in larger regions, and the mechanisms of their interactions have not been adequately investigated. The central southern region of China is in a stage of high-quality development, and Hunan Province in this region is used as an example to investigate the interaction mechanism between ecosystem service value (ESV) and landscape ecological risk (LER)as well as to generate new ideas for coordinated and sustainable regional socioeconomic development. This study developed an evaluation model of ESV and LER by synthesizing multi-source data of Hunan Province from 1990 to 2020 and further revealed the interaction mechanism between ESV and LER. We found the following: (1) Hunan Province experienced rapid urbanization, and both ESV and LER showed increasing trends. A complex and significant positive correlation was observed between these two variables. (2) The ESV in Hunan Province showed an overall increasing trend from 1990 to 2020, and each level of ESV was distributed from high to low, with the core of the high value area spreading outward. ESV gradually decreased after 2010, when urban expansion was rapid. (3) The LER level in Hunan Province shifted from medium-low risk to high risk, the risk level gradually increased, and the overall distribution pattern of each level was high in the north and south and low in the surroundings. (4) There were four types of spatial correlations at the local scale: high value and high risk, high value and low risk, low value and high risk, and low value and low risk. Based on these results, an ecological risk prevention zoning plan was developed for Hunan Province. This study contributes to understanding of the interactive and synergistic relationship between ESV and LER in Hunan Province, which is critical for optimizing sustainable economic and social development.
作者机构：
[周冬梅; 陈存友; 王明佳; 罗紫薇; 康丽婷] College of Landscape Architecture, Central South University of Forestry Science and Technology/ Hunan Big Data Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Protected Areas Landscape Resources/ Institute of Urban and Rural Landscape Ecology, Central South University of Forestry Science and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China;[吴随] Dongfang Nongdao Architectural Planning and Design Co., Ltd, Changsha, 410023, China
通讯机构：
College of Landscape Architecture, Central South University of Forestry Science and Technology/ Hunan Big Data Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Protected Areas Landscape Resources/ Institute of Urban and Rural Landscape Ecology, Central South University of Forestry Science and Technology, Changsha, China
