摘要：
Metal(loid) contamination of agricultural soils has become an alarming issue due to its detrimental impacts on soil health and global agricultural production. Therefore, environmentally sustainable and cost-effective solutions are urgently required for soil remediation. Biochar, particularly nano-biochar, exhibits superior and high-performance capabilities in the remediation of metal(loid)-contaminated soil, owing to its unique structure and large surface area. Current researches on nano-biochar mainly focus on safety design and property improvement, with limited information available regarding the impact of nano-biochar on soil ecosystems and crop defense mechanisms in metal(loid)-contaminated soils. In this review, we systematically summarized recent progress in the application of nano-biochar for remediation of metal(loid)-contaminated soil, with a focus on possible factors influencing metal(loid) uptake and translocation in soil-crop systems. Additionally, we conducted the potential/related mechanisms by which nano-biochar can mitigate the toxic impacts of metal(loid) on crop production and security. Furthermore, the application of nano-biochar in field trials and existing challenges were also outlined. Future studies should integrate agricultural sustainability and ecosystem health targets into biochar design/selection. This review highlighted the potential of nano-biochar as a promising soil amendment for enhancing the remediation of metal(loid)-contaminated agricultural soils, thereby promoting the synthesis and development of highly efficient nano-biochar towards achieving environmental sustainability.
摘要：
The forest ecosystem is the largest carbon reservoir in the terrestrial ecosystem, with soil organic carbon (SOC) being its most important component. How does the distribution of forest SOC distribution change under the influence of regional location, forest succession, human activities, and soil depth? It is the basis for understanding and evaluating the value of forest SOC reservoirs and improving the function of forest soil carbon sinks. In this paper, soil organic carbon concentrations (SOCCs) and environmental factors were measured by setting 14 experimental plots and 42 soil sampling sites in different forest communities and different elevations in the Maoershan Mountains. The redundancy analysis (RDA) method was used to study the relationship between SOC distribution and external factors. The results show that SOC distribution was sensitive to elevation, forest community, and soil layer. It had obvious surface aggregation characteristics and increased significantly with the increase in elevation. Among them, SOCCs increase by 1.80 g/kg with every 100 m increase in elevation, and that decreased by 5.43 g/kg with every 10 cm increase in soil depth. The SOC distribution in natural forests is greater than that in plantations, and the spatial variation in SOC distribution in plantations is higher due to the effect of cutting and utilization. SOC distribution is the result of many environmental factors. The response of SOC distribution to the forest community indicates that the development of plantations into natural forests will increase SOC, and excessive interference with forests will aggravate SOC emissions. Therefore, strengthening the protection of natural forests, restoring secondary forests, and implementing scientific and reasonable plantation management are important measures for improving the SOC reservoir’s function.
摘要：
It is well established that forest type can have a profound impact on soil physicochemical properties but the associated changes in soil microbial communities and the mechanisms by which soil quality is improved by various plantations are not fully understood. In this study, soil physicochemical properties and microbial and enzyme activities were investigated in four forest types–Castanopsis hystrix pure forests (CHPF), C. hystrix–Pinus elliottii mixed forests (CHPEF), C. hystrix–Michelia macclurei mixed forests (CHMMF), and C. hystrix–Mytilaria laosensis mixed forests (CHMLF) in the subtropical region of China. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of afforestation types on characteristics of soil–its physical, chemical, and biological properties. The results showed that the contents of soil total organic carbon (TOC), soil total nitrogen (TN), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), and microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN) were significantly improved in both CHMMF and CHMLF mixed forest stands when compared to the CHPF pure stand. Soil enzyme activities were enhanced in the mixed forests. In particular, high phosphatase activity was observed in CHMLF stands, leading to the transformation of soil phosphorus to available phosphorus in this forest type. Our study demonstrated that the broad–leaved mixed forests, but not coniferous mixed forests, could significantly improve soil quality in the study region. Our research provides a scientific insight into the promotion of vegetation restoration and plantation forest management in plantation regions of subtropical areas.
作者机构：
[Wu, Qian; Wang, Enwen] Anshun Univ, Fac Resources & Environm Engn, Anshun 561000, Peoples R China.;[Zheng, Wei; Yan, Wende; Rao, Chengjiao] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Fac Life Sci & Technol, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;[Zheng, Wei; Yan, Wende; Rao, Chengjiao] Natl Engn Lab Appl Technol Forestry & Ecol South, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Wei Zheng] N;National Engineering Laboratory for Applied Technology of Forestry & Ecology in South China, Changsha 410004, China<&wdkj&>Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry & Technology, Changsha 410004, China<&wdkj&>Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
作者：
Farooq, Taimoor Hassan;Xen Xincheng;Shakoor, Awais;Rashid, Muhammad Haroon U.;Bashir, Muhammad Farhan;...
期刊：
Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2022年29(7):10250-10262 ISSN：0944-1344
通讯作者：
Yan, W.;Farooq, T.H.
作者机构：
[Farooq, Taimoor Hassan] Bangor Coll China, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;[Farooq, Taimoor Hassan; Yan, Wende; Xen Xincheng] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Natl Engn Lab Appl Technol Forestry & Ecol South, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;[Shakoor, Awais] Univ Lleida, Dept Environm & Soil Sci, Avinguda Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, Lleida 25198, Spain.;[Rashid, Muhammad Haroon U.] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Forestry, Changsha 410000, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Bashir, Muhammad Farhan] Cent South Univ, Business Sch, Changsha 410083, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Taimoor Hassan Farooq] B;[Wende Yan] N;Bangor College China, a Joint Unit of Bangor University and Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China<&wdkj&>National Engineering Laboratory for Applied Technology in Forestry and Ecology in South China, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China<&wdkj&>National Engineering Laboratory for Applied Technology in Forestry and Ecology in South China, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
关键词：
C pools;Biomass production;Macronutrients;Trace elements;Nutrient enrichment;Forest ecosystem;Sub-tropical zone
通讯机构：
[Taimoor Hassan Farooq] B;[Pengfei Wu] C;Bangor College China, a Joint Unit of Bangor University and Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China<&wdkj&>National Engineering Laboratory for Applied Technology in Forestry and Ecology in South China, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China<&wdkj&>College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China<&wdkj&>College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
关键词：
Tree rings;Nutrient cycling;Nutrient use efficiency;Stand density;Chinese fir
摘要：
Purpose Nutrient distribution among tree tissues influence the growth, yield, and persistence of trees. One of the factors which can affect the nutrient concentrations can be stand density because competition for growth space and below-ground resources play a significant role in the productivity of plantation forests. Methods This study analyzed the impact of planting density and soil quality indicators on the annual growth process, nutrient uptake, nutrient use efficiency, and carbon storage in mid-aged Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) stands established at low, intermediate, and high-density. Stem density was 1450 trees hm(2) (2.36 x 2.36 m spacing), 2460 trees hm(2) (1.83 x 1.83 m spacing), and 3950 trees hm(2) (1.44 x 1.44 m spacing) in low-, intermediate-, and high-density stands, respectively. Results Stand density (R-2 = 0.812) was the primal factor responsible for altering nutrients dynamics in tree components, while soil quality (R-2 = 0.572) indicators play a secondary role. Across the years, the diameter and volume annual growth increment were more significant in the low-density, whereas height growth increment was more prominent in the intermediate-density. The highest carbon storage (33.78 t hm(-2)) was observed in the intermediate-density stand. Plant nutrient concentrations and nutrient use efficiency varied significantly among different densities (p < 0.05). Significant associations of soil properties with biomass, height, and diameter were observed in intermediate-density. Conclusions These patterns were co-regulated by planting density, tree growth rate, and soil nutrient status and reflected the plant tissue's nutrient status, which could provide valuable information for sustainable nutrient management practices in tree plantations for maximizing productivity, yield, and long-term sustainability.
作者：
Ning, Chen*;Xiang, Wenhua;Mueller, Gregory M.;Egerton-Warburton, Louise M.;Yan, Wende;...
期刊：
Plant and Soil,2020年446(1-2):179-193 ISSN：0032-079X
通讯作者：
Ning, Chen
作者机构：
[Liu, Shuguang; Xiang, Wenhua; Yan, Wende; Ning, Chen] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Fac Life Sci & Technol, 498 Southern Shaoshan Rd, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;[Ning, Chen] Northwestern Univ, Program Plant Biol & Conservat, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.;[Mueller, Gregory M.; Egerton-Warburton, Louise M.] Chicago Bot Garden, Chicago, IL 60022 USA.
通讯机构：
[Ning, Chen] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Fac Life Sci & Technol, 498 Southern Shaoshan Rd, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Community structure and function;Ectomycorrhizal fungi;Extracellular enzyme;Exotic pine;Rhizopogon;Russula
摘要：
Wang, H.; Yan, W.; Wang, J., and Duan, W., 2020. Exploring distribution rules and variation trends of precipitation in the upper Lijiang River from 1951 to 2016, Guangxi Province, China. In: Hu, C. and Cai, M. (eds.), Geo-informatics and Oceanography. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 105, pp. 1–5. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.Based on the relevant modules of ArcGIS 10.5 platform, the singly independent precipitation datum of 25 hydrological and meteorological observation stations from 1960 to 2016 was converted into areal datum of different statistical units through multiscale transformation to study change rules and trends of precipitation in the upper Lijiang River. The variation coefficient and Mann-Kendall test methods were applied to analyzing the difference and significance of precipitation. According to the study, precipitation distribution within a year was highly uneven with an obvious difference between the rainy and dry seasons; the interannual changes of precipitation showed a slightly increasing trend in the high and low interlaced. The increasing trends of precipitation during the rainy season and decreasing during the dry season will further aggravate the contradiction between water resource shortages during the dry season and increasing flooding disasters during the rainy season in the Lijiang River basin.
期刊：
Ecology and Evolution,2019年9(9):5338-5347 ISSN：2045-7758
通讯作者：
Deng, Xiangwen
作者机构：
[Ouyang, Shuai; Xiang, Wenhua; Yan, Wende; Wu, Anchi; Fang, Xi; Deng, Xiangwen] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Fac Life Sci & Technol, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Ouyang, Shuai; Xiang, Wenhua; Yan, Wende; Wu, Anchi; Fang, Xi; Deng, Xiangwen] Natl Engn Lab Appl Technol Forestry & Ecol South, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Ouyang, Shuai; Xiang, Wenhua; Yan, Wende; Wu, Anchi; Fang, Xi; Deng, Xiangwen] Huitong Natl Stn Sci Observat & Res Chinese Fir P, Huitong, Peoples R China.;[He, Honglin] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Key Lab Ecosyst Network Observat & Modeling, Beijing, Peoples R China.;[Ren, Xiaoli; He, Honglin] Chinese Acad Sci, Grad Univ, Beijing, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Deng, Xiangwen] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Fac Life Sci & Technol, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
community structure;neutral theory model;niche model;secondary forests;spatial scaling;species abundance distributions
摘要：
To quantify and assess the processes underlying community assembly and driving tree species abundance distributions(SADs) with spatial scale variation in two typical subtropical secondary forests in Dashanchong state-owned forest farm, two 1-ha permanent study plots (100-m x 100-m) were established. We selected four diversity indices including species richness, Shannon-Wiener, Simpson and Pielou, and relative importance values to quantify community assembly and biodiversity. Empirical cumulative distribution and species accumulation curves were utilized to describe the SADs of two forests communities trees. Three types of models, including statistic model (lognormal and logseries model), niche model (broken-stick, niche preemption, and Zipf-Mandelbrodt model), and neutral theory model, were estimated by the fitted SADs. Simulation effects were tested by Akaike's information criterion (AIC) and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Results found that the Fagaceae and Anacardiaceae families were their respective dominance family in the evergreen broad-leaved and deciduous mixed communities. According to original data and random sampling predictions, the SADs were hump-shaped for intermediate abundance classes, peaking between 8 and 32 in the evergreen broad-leaved community, but this maximum increased with size of total sampled area size in the deciduous mixed community. All niche models could only explain SADs patterns at smaller spatial scales. However, both the neutral theory and purely statistical models were suitable for explaining the SADs for secondary forest communities when the sampling plot exceeded 40 m. The results showed the SADs indicated a clear directional trend toward convergence and similar predominating ecological processes in two typical subtropical secondary forests. The neutral process gradually replaced the niche process in importance and become the main mechanism for determining SADs of forest trees as the sampling scale expanded. Thus, we can preliminarily conclude that neutral processes had a major effect on biodiversity patterns in these two subtropical secondary forests but exclude possible contributions of other processes.
作者：
Ning, Chen*;Mueller, Gregory M.;Egerton-Warburton, Louise M.;Xiang, Wenhua;Yan, Wende
期刊：
Forests,2019年10(3):263- ISSN：1999-4907
通讯作者：
Ning, Chen
作者机构：
[Xiang, Wenhua; Yan, Wende; Ning, Chen] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Fac Life Sci & Technol, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Ning, Chen; Mueller, Gregory M.; Egerton-Warburton, Louise M.] Northwestern Univ, Program Plant Biol & Conservat, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.;[Ning, Chen; Mueller, Gregory M.; Egerton-Warburton, Louise M.] Chicago Bot Garden, Glencoe, IL 60022 USA.
通讯机构：
[Ning, Chen] C;[Ning, Chen] N;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Fac Life Sci & Technol, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Northwestern Univ, Program Plant Biol & Conservat, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.;Chicago Bot Garden, Glencoe, IL 60022 USA.
期刊：
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2019年116(51):25491-25496 ISSN：0027-8424
通讯作者：
Liu, Shuguang
作者机构：
[Zhao, Meifang; Ogbodo, U. S.; Jing, Lei; Liu, Shuguang; Huang, Zhihong; Yan, Wende; Peng, Xi; Feng, Shuailong] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Natl Engn Lab Appl Technol Forestry & Ecol Southe, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Zhao, Meifang; Ogbodo, U. S.; Jing, Lei; Liu, Shuguang; Huang, Zhihong; Yan, Wende; Peng, Xi; Feng, Shuailong] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Biol Sci & Technol, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Wu, Yiping] Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Human Settlements & Civil Engn, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Xian 710049, Shaanxi, Peoples R China.;[Lv, Yihe] Chinese Acad Sci, Res Ctr Ecoenvironm Sci, State Key Lab Urban & Reg Ecol, Beijing 100085, Peoples R China.;[McDonald, Morag A.; Smith, Andrew R.; Sarkissian, Arbi J.; Patil, Sopan D.] Bangor Univ, Sch Nat Sci, Bangor LL57 2UW, Gwynedd, Wales.
通讯机构：
[Liu, Shuguang] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Natl Engn Lab Appl Technol Forestry & Ecol Southe, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Biol Sci & Technol, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
climate change;inland water bodies;land use change;size-abundance
摘要：
Water bodies (WBs), such as lakes, ponds, and impoundments, provide essential ecosystem services for human society, yet their characteristics and changes over large areas remain elusive. Here we used unprecedented data layers derived from all Landsat images available between 1984 and 2015 to understand the overall characteristics and changes of WBs between 2 epochs (i.e., 1984 to 1999 and 2000 to 2015) in China. Results show that the abundance estimate of WBs greater than 1 km(2) and the total WB surface area were 0.3 to 1.5 times and 0.2 to 0.5 times more than the previous estimates, respectively. The size-abundance and shoreline-area relationships of WBs in China conformed to the classic power scaling law, in contradiction to most previous studies. WB changes with various occurrence probabilities show widespread coexistence of disappearance of existent and emergence of new WBs across China driven primarily by human activities and climate change. Our results highlight the importance of using appropriate long-term satellite data to reveal the true properties and dynamics of WBs over large areas, which is essential for developing scaling theories and understanding the relative impacts of human activities and climate change on water resources in the world.
摘要：
Little information is available on horizontal precipitation in forest land in semi-humid climate regions. In this study, the quantity and duration of horizontal precipitation were investigated using the high precision weighing lysimeter system in the mountainous areas of northern China during the experiment year 2011 and 2012. The purpose of this study was to better understand the formation mechanisms of horizontal precipitation in the semi-humid climate region. The results showed that hourly values of horizontal precipitation distributed between 0 and 0.1 mm, and that the one-night values distributed between 0.2 and 0.4 mm. The number of days with horizontal precipitation accounted for about 45% of the whole year. The average monthly amount of horizontal precipitation was 4.5 mm in the non-growing season, while it was a mere 1.6 mm in the growing season. The total amount of horizontal precipitation in the year was about 33 mm. Horizontal precipitation represented about 4.61% and 4.23% of the annual precipitation in 2011 and 2012. During the non-growing season, water vapor absorbed by the soil was greater than canopy and soil condensation, not only in terms of frequency, but also in the cumulated quantity. On a typical day, the canopy and soil condensation was 0.07 mm, accounting for 31.81% of total quantity of horizontal precipitation (0.22 mm). Air temperature, soil temperature and wind speed were negatively correlated with the quantity and duration of horizontal precipitation. This research could provide information for a better understanding of the ecological significance of horizontal precipitation in the semi-humid climate region in northern China.
