摘要：
The cost management is the core of enterprises' internal management. The Supply-chain cost is a new term in modem cost management science. With the rapidly changing market environment and sever industrial competition pressure, the competition between the enterprises has developed to the competition between supply-chain. The management in supply chains is the main driving force for gaining competitive advantage in supply-chain cost. The cost management should be an important problem in the field of supply-chain management. Cost management in supply chains is a kind of method with inter-organizational cost management by analyzing and controlling. This paper briefly analyses the mutual integration between supply-chain management and cost management. It expounds the connotation, function and characteristics of inter-organizational cost management. It builds the conceptual framework with inter-organizational cost management from three aspects such as activities, objectives and methods.
摘要：
Basing on product life cycle (PLC) to analyze and evaluate environment cost is a key step that the information of environment cost in the ecological-ecocomic system serves the accounting information and cost decision-making. The thesis takes the PLC under the ecological-economic system as the analysis frame, and elaborates the concrete classification and content of environment cost. Then, it proposes the evaluation method and the basic characteristic for environment cost based on the PLC. In the end, it carries on the discussion on its concrete an evaluation process, providing the scientific basis for carrying on the cost decision-making correctly in the environment management.
摘要：
Chitosan, derived from chitin by partial N-deacetylation, has been found to be non-toxic, biocompatible and biodegrable. So chitosan has high economic value and environmental impact. The study mainly compared the antifungal activities with two types of chitosan (W-CS, I-CS). The results indicated that W-CS and I-CS had high antifungal activities against the pathogens caused camellia anthracnose. As W-CS and I-CS concentrations increased from 1 mg-mL<sup>-1</sup> to 10 mg-mL<sup>-1</sup> antifungal went up significantly. The optimal pH range of chitosan for the highest antifungal activity was 5.3 to 6.0 with tartaric and acetic acid as solvent. The recommend treatment of 2.5 mg-mL<sup>-1</sup> W-CS+1%HAC had the inhibition rate of 72.6%, which had almost 500 times effectives than that of thiophanate. Our results should help to develop for a new type of environmental friendly pesticide.
摘要：
Camellia oleifera is an economical important plant in southern China for edible oil production. Anthracnose is a serious disease that limited its development. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions and the 5.8S rRNA gene of strain C1 of the pathogenic fungus Colletetrichum gloeosporioides were sequenced in order to design specific PCR primers for pathogen detection. Alignment of the sequence data of strain C1 and the other Colletetrichum species obtained from the Genbank were made using CLUSTAL W. Based on the aligned ITS sequences, specific primers for C. gloeosporioides were developed (YT1 and YT2). The infecting pathogens were successfully detected with our specific primer set and showed high specificity. The result showed that the nested-PCR reaction was at least 10,000-fold more specific than that of the simple PCR method. This new method provides a useful technique to further study disease cycle and for early prediction of anthracnose of Camellia oleifera.
