In view of the wood component glue line defect, a method of wood structure nondestructive detection was proposed based on ant colony BP neural network. The wood specimens was tested to obtain the test signal by ultrasonic testing instrument, in order to eliminate the testing effect of the tester gain control and defect size, angle variation on the test defect echo amplitude, the defect signal amplitude was needed to normalization. The wood component decomposition of ultrasonic signals was de-composite to different frequency channels by the doma...