All authors read the manuscript; conceptualization and methodology, H.S. and G.W.; validation, F.J. and H.L.; formal analysis, F.J.; investigation, F.J., H.S., and H.L.; draft, F.J., H.S., and M.K.; supervision, H.S.; review, editing, and revision, A.R.S. and G.W.; funding acquisition, H.S. and G.W. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. This research was funded by the project of ecological benefits monitoring and evaluation of key ecological engineering in the construction of three North Shelterbelt System funded by the National Key R&D Program of China (N#: 2017YFC0506502); National Natural Science Foundation of China (N#: 31971578); Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department (N#: 17A225); the National Bureau to Combat Desertification, State Forestry Administration of China (N#: 101-9899); Forestry Administration of Hunan Province (N#: XLK201986); Training Fund of Young Professors from Hunan Provincial Education Department (N#: 90102-7070220090001) and Scientific Innovation Fund for Post-graduates of Hunan Province (N#: CX20190622).
