To protect arable land and to maintain a sustainable development of agriculture in China, the land fallow and crop rotation practice will be adopted in the underground water funnel zones, the heavy metal pollution zones, and the serious ecological degradation zones. As a reasonable way of cultivate arable land, the land fallow and crop rotation practice will have profound impacts on the quality of China's arable land and grain security. This paper analyzed the influencing mechanism of the land fallow and crop rotation practice on grain output and quality, grain supply structure, and rural labo...