Increasing chromium pollution poses a significant threat to the global environment and human health, and it is critical to remove hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) from water. Hence, a three-dimensional (3D) porous structured cellulose nanofibrils-based hydrogel (CNH) was synthesised using cellulose nanofibrils (CNs), carbon dots (CDs) and α-FeOOH, with CDs-enhanced synergetic effects of adsorption and photocatalysis for removing Cr(VI). In the CNH, CNs were conducted as a natural frame to construct a 3D porous structure increasing the specific sur...