In response to global energy and environmental challenges, this study systematically evaluates performance of methanol-gasoline blends (M100, M85) in comparison to pure gasoline in a spark-ignition (SI) engine. Through experimental data and numerical simulations, the combustion characteristics, energy flow distribution, and thermomechanical conversion processes of the three fuels were analyzed across compression ratios (CRs) ranging from 11 to 15. Under full-load conditions at 3500 r/min, gasoline showed 7.58 % and 8.69 % higher power output...
