Algal blooms have resulted in the buildup of microcystin (MC-LR) in water bodies, posing a severe hazard to the safety of the aquatic ecosystem and human health. This study produced a g-C3N4 with N2C-type defects/MoO3 Z-scheme photocatalyst (D-CN/MoO3) for MC-LR degradation in visible light. D-CN/MoO3 could photodegrade 100 % MC-LR within 25 min, which was substantially more significant than pure g-C3N4 (12.5%). Meanwhile, the kinetic constant was 32.5 times higher than pure g-C3N4, attributed to the defect engineering and Z-scheme heterojuncti...