In order to improve the defects of EKF algorithm and BP neural network,a first-order RC equivalent battery model was built to simulate the actual dynamic characteristics of lithium batteries,on the basis of the model,sparrow search algorithm was adopted to optimize the ...MORE In order to improve the defects of EKF algorithm and BP neural network,a first-order RC equivalent battery model was built to simulate the actual dynamic characteristics of lithium batteries,on the basis of the model,sparrow search algorithm was adopted to optimize the initial weights and thresholds of BP neural network,...