For the Sentinel-2 multispectral satellite image remote sensing data, due to the rich spatial information, the traditional water body extraction methods cannot meet the needs of practical applications. In this study, a random forest-based RF_16 optimal combination model algorithm is proposed to extract water bodies. The research process uses Sentinel-2 multispectral satellite images and DEM data as the basic data, collected 24 characteristic variable indicators (B2, B3, B4, B8, B11, B12, NDVI, MSAVI, B5, B6, B7, B8A, NDI45, MCARI, REIP, S2REP, ...