To improve the wildlife conservation and management in Hunan Province, according to the results of our own wildlife investigations since 1986 and by collecting related information, the species, distribution and resources state of the important protected mammals in Hunan Province are systematically reported. 82 wild species of mammalia have been found in Hunan up to now. Among them, 4 and 18 species belong respectively to the first and second ranked protected wildlife of national importance of China, and Macaca mulatta, Selenarctos thibetanus,Cervus unicolor,Hydropotes i.inermis and Capricornis...