The SGSP is continuously exposed to constant solar radiation intensity, which is assumed as the maximum value of daily solar radiation. The difference in solar irradiance between cases was represented by the dimensionless parameters Ra and RaI. The solar radiation is absorbed by the bottom surface of SGSP, and thermosolutal convection is gradually forming in SGSP. The effectiveness of a porous layer in improving the thermal storage capacity of SGSP is discussed in this section. Firstly, thermal