Conceptualization, P.H., W.Z. and Z.W.; methodology, Y.L., R.Y. and P.H.; software, Y.L., R.Y. and P.H.; formal analysis, Y.L., R.Y., P.H. and W.Z.; investigation, resources, P.H., W.Z. and K.W.; data curation, P.H., W.Z. and K.W.; writing—original draft preparation, Y.L., R.Y. and P.H.; writing—review and editing, P.H., R.Y., W.Z. and Z.W.; visualization, Y.L., R.Y. and P.H.; supervision, P.H., W.Z. and D.X.; project administration, P.H., W.Z., K.W. and D.X.; funding acquisition, P.H., W.Z. and K.W. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. This study was supported by the Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China [U20A2011]; the State Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China [41930652]; and the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province [2022JJ40534]. We thank the Institutional Center for Shared Technologies and Facilities of Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, CAS, for supporting the analyses of soil physical and chemical properties.