Fine root interactions in subtropical mixed forests in China depend on tree species composition
作者:
Xiang, Wenhua* ;Fan, Gangwei;Lei, Pifeng;Zeng, Yelin;Tong, Jie;...
期刊:
Plant and Soil ,2015年395(1-2):335-349 ISSN:0032-079X
通讯作者:
Xiang, Wenhua
作者机构:
[Fan, Gangwei; Lei, Pifeng; Xiang, Wenhua; Zeng, Yelin; Fang, Xi; Tong, Jie; Deng, Xiangwen] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Fac Life Sci & Technol, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Fan, Gangwei; Lei, Pifeng; Xiang, Wenhua; Zeng, Yelin; Fang, Xi; Peng, Changhui; Tong, Jie; Deng, Xiangwen] Chinese Fir Plantat Ecosyst Hunan Prov, Huitong Natl Field Stn Sci Observat & Res, Huitong 438107, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Peng, Changhui] Univ Quebec, Dept Biol Sci, Inst Environm Sci, Montreal, PQ H3C 3P8, Canada.
通讯机构:
[Xiang, Wenhua] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Fac Life Sci & Technol, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词:
Competition ability index;Fine root biomass;Fine root morphology;Subtropical secondary forest;Tree species composition;Vertical distribution
摘要:
Background and aims: Belowground interactions can greatly modify fine root (≤2 mm in diameter) traits to increase soil resource acquisition for tree growth. We examined how mixed forests alter fine root traits compared to pure forests. Methods: A pseudo-experimental tree cluster design was used to select small-area plots of single and mixed species in a Pinus massoniana–Lithocarpus glaber (PM–LG) forest and a L. glaber–Cyclobalanopsis glauca (LG–CG) forest. In each plot, soil cores were sampled down to 30 cm at a 0.5 m interval between target and neighbouring trees. Fine roots in soil cores were then divided by species to determine biomass and morphological traits. Results: The mixed PM–LG plots exhibited significantly higher fine root biomass while the mixed LG–CG plots had no significant differences in fine root biomass compared to their respective pure plots. In pure plots, P. massoniana had higher fine root biomass and lower specific root length (SRL) and specific root area (SRA) than L. glaber, whereas fine root traits were similar for L. glaber and C. glauca. Compared with pure plots for a given species, fine root biomass in the entire soil profile decreased for P. massoniana but increased for L. glaber in mixed PM–LG plots. In mixed LG–CG plots, fine root biomass decreased for each species at all soil depths. Conclusions: Whether positive interactions of fine roots occur is dependent on tree species composition. Fine root biomass was greater in mixed forests where tree species showed contrasting growth strategies and root traits, such as PM-LG forests, thus suggesting positive interactions. © 2015, Springer International Publishing Switzerland.
语种:
英文
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间伐强度对人工杉木林地表径流的影响
作者:
柳思勉;田大伦;项文化;闫文德;刘云国;...
期刊:
生态学报 ,2015年35(17):5769-5775 ISSN:1000-0933
通讯作者:
Liu, Y.
作者机构:
[柳思勉; 刘云国; 胡新将] 湖南大学环境科学与工程学院;环境生物与控制教育部重点实验室(湖南大学);[田大伦; 项文化; 闫文德] 中南林业科技大学生命科学与技术学院
通讯机构:
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China
关键词:
间伐强度;地表径流;杉木林;降雨量;林下植被;土壤
摘要:
在湖南会同生态站的人工杉木林集水区,对比研究了不同间伐强度对地表径流影响。结果表明:降雨量大小是形成地表径流的主要原因,即地表径流随降雨量上升而增大。在不出现大暴雨及特大暴雨的情形下,间伐样地产生的地表径流比对照样地小,其中,30%的间伐强度更利于减小地表径流。通过对不同月份的降雨量与地表径流的关系研究,证明了单次降雨量,而非降雨总量,才是导致地表径流形成的主要原因。通过地表径流与林下植被、土壤特性的多元相关分析可知,地表径流与枯落物量、灌木草本层盖度、土壤非毛管孔隙、水稳性土壤团聚体粒径呈显著负相关,与土壤容重呈显著正相关。间伐正是通过改变上述因子而增强了水土保持能力,减小了地表径流的形成。在人工杉木林条件下和间伐强度范围内,30%的间伐强度下的影响更显著,更有助于减小地表径流。
语种:
中文
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A molecular method to identify species of fine roots and to predict the proportion of a species in mixed samples in subtropical forests
作者:
Zeng, Weixian;Zhou, Bo;Lei, Pifeng;Zeng, Yeling;Liu, Yan;...
期刊:
Frontiers in Plant Science ,2015年6(MAY):1-10 ISSN:1664-462X
通讯作者:
Xiang, Wenhua
作者机构:
[Liu, Yan; Lei, Pifeng; Zhou, Bo; Zeng, Weixian; Zeng, Yeling; Xiang, Wenhua; Liu, Cong] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Fac Life Sci & Technol, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Yan; Lei, Pifeng; Zeng, Weixian; Liu, Cong] Natl Engn Lab Appl Technol Forestry & Ecol Southe, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Zeng, Yeling; Xiang, Wenhua] Huitong Natl Field Stn Sci Observat & Res Chinese, Huitong, Peoples R China.;[Xiang, Wenhua] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Fac Life Sci & Technol, 498 Southern Shaoshan Rd, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Xiang, Wenhua] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Fac Life Sci & Technol, 498 Southern Shaoshan Rd, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词:
DNA-sequence-based method;PCR;belowground species abundance;fine root;intron;subtropical forest;trnL(UAA)
摘要:
Understanding of belowground interactions among tree species and the fine root (≤2 mm in diameter) contribution of a species to forest ecosystem production are mostly restricted by experimental difficulties in the quantification of the species composition. The available approaches have various defects. By contrast, DNA-based methods can avoid these drawbacks. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is an advanced molecular technology, but it is difficult to develop specific primer sets. The method of next-generation sequencing has several limitations, such as inaccurate sequencing of homopolymer regions, as well as being time-consuming, and requiring special knowledge for data analysis. This study evaluated the potential of the DNA-sequence-based method to identify tree species and to quantify the relative proportion of each species in mixed fine root samples. We discriminated the species by isolating DNA from individual fine roots and amplifying the plastid trnL(UAA; i.e., tRNA-Leu-UAA) intron using the PCR. To estimate relative proportions, we extracted DNA from fine root mixtures. After the plastid trnL(UAA) intron amplification and TA-cloning, we sequenced the positive clones from each mixture. Our results indicated that the plastid trnL(UAA) intron spacer successfully distinguished tree species of fine roots in subtropical forests. In addition, the DNA-sequence-based approach could reliably estimate the relative proportion of each species in mixed fine root samples. To our knowledge, this is the first time that the DNA-sequence-based method has been used to quantify tree species proportions in mixed fine root samples in Chinese subtropical forests. As the cost of DNA-sequencing declines and DNA-sequence-based methods improve, the molecular method will be more widely used to determine fine root species and abundance. © 2015 Zeng, Zhou, Lei, Zeng, Liu, Liu and Xiang.
语种:
英文
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湖南省马尾松林生物量动态特征及其对龄组结构变化的响应
作者:
郭屹;项文化;刘聪;方晰
期刊:
中南林业科技大学学报 ,2015年35(7):81-87 ISSN:1673-923X
作者机构:
中南林业科技大学生命科学与技术学院,湖南长沙,410004;[方晰; 项文化] 中南林业科技大学生命科学与技术学院,湖南长沙410004;[方晰; 项文化] 湖南会同杉木林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,湖南会同438107;[刘聪; 郭屹] 中南林业科技大学
关键词:
马尾松林;生物量;龄组;湖南省;亚热带;相对生长方程;材积源法
摘要:
2009年我国马尾松林的面积达1.20×10~9hm~2,湖南省的马尾松林面积为1.21 × 10~6 hm~2。马尾松林在木材和非木质产品生产、区域生态系统服务方面特别是森林碳吸存等方面发挥着重要作用。生物量是研究森林生态系统碳吸存的基础数据。本研究利用湖南省1983~2009年的森林资源数据,分别采用各龄组林分平均生物量和材积源法估算湖南省及14个地市(州)马尾松林总生物量,分析过去25年间马尾松总生物量动态变化,研究龄组结构变化对总生物量的影响。结果表明:过去25年湖南省马尾松林生物量变化为40.87×10~6~80.06×10~6 t 各地市(州)的马尾松林总生物量差别较大,不同时期总生物量也明显不同,总体表现为马尾松林生物量从1983~1995年间增加,1995~1999年下降,2004年增加,2009年有所下降。回归分析显示各龄组所占面积的比例对马尾松林生物量影响显著,其中成熟林和过熟林所占面积比例的影响最大;龄组面积比例变化值对总生物量变化的影响达到极显著,其中幼龄林和中龄林比例变化对生物量影响最大,龄组结构调整和培育大径材马尾松有利于增加区域森林生物量。
语种:
中文
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湖南省2009年杉木林碳贮存量及未来固碳潜力分析
作者:
刘起华;陈弘东;孙玉雯;刘凤麟;仝小林
期刊:
中南林业科技大学学报 ,2014年34(6): 94-99,111 ISSN:1673-923X
作者机构:
[刘起华; 陈弘东; 孙玉雯; 仝小林] 中国中医科学院广安门医院;[刘凤麟] 哈尔滨市急救中心
关键词:
杉木林;碳贮量;固碳潜力;湖南省;森林经营;龄组面积结构调整
摘要:
利用文献数据建立杉木不同龄组(幼龄林、中龄林、近熟林、成熟林和过熟林)的生物量相对生长方程,计算杉木各龄组林分的平均生物量和碳贮量。根据2009年湖南省森林资源数据,估算湖南省及各地市(州)杉木林总生物量和碳贮存总量。从文献中选择生长较好的杉木林作为合理经营状态林分,分析该状态下杉木林各龄组的林分生物量,同时针对湖南省杉木林各龄组的面积分布现状,调整龄组面积结构,估算合理经营状态下和调整龄组结构后杉木林的碳贮量,分析湖南省杉木林的未来固碳潜力,为湖南省杉木林合理经营和生态功能区划提供科学依据。结果表明:2009年湖南省杉木林林分的碳贮量为0.50~227.01 t/hm~2,林分平均碳贮量从幼龄林的5.94 t/hm~2增加到过熟林的147.25 t/hm~2。全省杉木林碳贮存总量为52.16×10~6 t,其中湘潭市杉木林碳贮量最低,为0.42×10~6 t,怀化市的最高,为11.97×10~6 t。杉木幼龄林的碳贮存总量最小(1.94×10~6 t),过熟林最大(13.12×10~6 t)。如果采取合理经营措施,湖南省杉木林碳贮存总量可增加到103.83×10~6 t,约为目前杉木林碳贮存总量的2倍。杉木林龄组结构调整后,湖南省杉木林各龄组碳贮量从幼龄林的1.91×10~6 t增加至过熟林的47.37×10~6 t,全省杉木林碳贮存总量可增加到81.10×10~6 t,为目前杉木林碳贮存总量的1.55倍。可见,湖南省杉木林具有较大的固碳潜力,提高林分单位面积生产力和调整全省杉木林龄组面积结构是增加森林固碳潜力的有效途径。
语种:
中文
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中亚热带石栎-青冈群落优势种种间关联研究
作者:
赵丽娟;项文化
期刊:
中南林业科技大学学报 ,2014年34(6):88-93 ISSN:1673-923X
作者机构:
中南林业科技大学生命科学与技术学院,湖南 长沙,410004;[项文化; 赵丽娟] 中南林业科技大学
关键词:
常绿阔叶林;种间联结;方差比率法;相关系数检验;星座图;生态种组
摘要:
应用方差比率法、χ2检验、Pearson相关系数和Spearman秩相关系数检验等数量分析方法对大山冲石栎-青冈群落的10个优势种组成的45个种对间的关联性进行定量研究。多物种总体关联性检验结果显示10个优势种总体种间呈较显著的正关联,该群落结构较为稳定;χ2检验结合V值(种对间联结指数)显示26个种对正关联,19个种对负关联,正负关联比为1.372;Spearman秩相关系数检验灵敏度较Pearson相关系数高,其中29个种对正相关,16个种对负相关,正负关联比为1.813。45个种对中有63%的种对联结关系未达到显著水平,说明种对间存在较强的独立性,群落种间联结相对松散,这可能与该群落处于稳定的亚顶级阶段有关。根据基于秩相关系数绘制的星座图和χ2检验将10个种群被分为3个生态种组。
语种:
中文
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Standing fine root mass and production in four Chinese subtropical forests along a succession and species diversity gradient
作者:
Liu, Cong;Xiang, Wenhua* ;Lei, Pifeng;Deng, Xiangwen;Tian, Dalun;...
期刊:
Plant and Soil ,2014年376(1-2):445-459 ISSN:0032-079X
通讯作者:
Xiang, Wenhua
作者机构:
[Tian, Dalun; Lei, Pifeng; Xiang, Wenhua; Fang, Xi; Liu, Cong; Deng, Xiangwen] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Fac Life Sci & Technol, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Peng, Changhui] Univ Quebec, Dept Biol Sci, Inst Environm Sci, Montreal, PQ H3C 3P8, Canada.
通讯机构:
[Xiang, Wenhua] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Fac Life Sci & Technol, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词:
Fine root biomass;Fine root production;Seasonal variation;Successional gradient;Tree species diversity
摘要:
Background and aims: The influences of succession and species diversity on fine root production are not well known in forests. This study aimed to investigate: (i) whether fine root biomass and production increased with successional stage and increasing tree species diversity; (ii) how forest type affected seasonal variation and regrowth of fine roots. Methods: Sequential coring and ingrowth core methods were used to measure fine root production in four Chinese subtropical forests differing in successional stages and species diversity. Results: Fine root biomass increased from 262 g·m−2 to 626 g·m−2 with increasing successional stage and species diversity. A similar trend was also found for fine root production, which increased from 86 to 114 g·m−2 yr −1 for Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation to 211–240 g·m−2 yr −1 for Choerospondias axillaries forest when estimated with sequential coring data. Fine root production calculated using the ingrowth core data ranged from 186 g·m−2 yr −1 for C. lanceolata plantation to 513 g·m−2 yr −1 for Lithocarpus glaber – Cyclobalanopsis glauca forest. Conclusions: Fine root biomass and production increased along a successional gradient and increasing tree species diversity in subtropical forests. Fine roots in forests with higher species diversity exhibited higher seasonal variation and regrowth rate. © 2013, Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht.
语种:
英文
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Soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen in pure and mixed stands of Pinus massoniana and Cinnamomum camphora differing in stand age
作者:
Wen, Li;Lei, Pifeng* ;Xiang, Wenhua;Yan, Wende;Liu, Shuguang
期刊:
Forest Ecology and Management ,2014年328:150-158 ISSN:0378-1127
通讯作者:
Lei, Pifeng
作者机构:
[Lei, Pifeng; Xiang, Wenhua; Yan, Wende; Wen, Li] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Fac Life Sci & Technol, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Shuguang; Lei, Pifeng; Xiang, Wenhua; Yan, Wende] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Natl Engn Lab Appl Technol Forestry & Ecol South, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Lei, Pifeng] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Fac Life Sci & Technol, 498 Southern Shaoshan Rd, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Lei, Pifeng] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Fac Life Sci & Technol, 498 Southern Shaoshan Rd, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词:
Cinnamomum camphora;Mixed species plantation;Pinus massoniana;Soil microbial biomass;Soil quality;Stand age
摘要:
Converting monocultures into mixed forests has become a common trend of forest management in recent decades owing to enhancement of ecosystem functioning and sustainability due to complementary resource use, environmental benefits and improved soil properties in mixed forests. These positive admixing effects are expected to be more pronounced over time since the above- and below-ground interactions become more intense as forest grows. Although soil microbes play pivotal roles herein, the interrelationship between tree species composition and soil microorganisms is not well understood, especially in the context of varying forest age. In this study, we compared soil microbial biomass carbon (Cmic), microbial biomass nitrogen (Nmic), soil organic carbon (Corg), and total soil nitrogen (Ntot) in Pinus massoniana and Cinnamomum camphora mixed plantations at 10-yr, 24-yr and 45-yr old stands with their monospecific counterparts in the soil depth of 0-10. cm, 10-20. cm and 20-30. cm. The results showed admixtures created age-dependent strong positive effects on soil microbial biomass and carbon sequestration. Firstly, the concentrations of Corg, Ntot, Cmic and Nmic were highest in the Pinus - Cinnamomum mixed stands in the whole soil profile at all development stages. These positive admixing effects were non-additive in the 10 and 45. years old stands, while additive in 24. years old mixed stands. Secondly, although the fraction of microbial carbon or nitrogen (i.e., Cmic/Corg or Nmic/Ntot ratio) in soil decreased with stand age, the positive effects of admixture on soil microorganisms became more pronounced in terms of Cmic concentrations as forests grew. We also found the Cmic/Corg and Nmic/Ntot ratios increased with increasing soil depth, likely indicating increasing efficiency of microbes in soil carbon decomposition along the profile, which has not yet been captured by conventional process models. The sensitivity of microbial parameters to tree species composition, stand age, and soil depth revealed in this study not only sheds light on the interpretation of the higher soil quality in mixed than in pure species plantations using the dynamic admixing effects but also highlights the need of further research to improve model representation of the soil processes in deep profile. © 2014 Elsevier B.V.
语种:
英文
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Geographical statistical assessments of carbon fluxes in terrestrial ecosystems of China: Results from upscaling network observations
作者:
Zhu, Xian-Jin;Yu, Gui-Rui* ;He, Hong-Lin;Wang, Qiu-Feng;Chen, Zhi;...
期刊:
Global and Planetary Change ,2014年118:52-61 ISSN:0921-8181
通讯作者:
Yu, Gui-Rui
作者机构:
[Su, Wen; Wang, Qiu-Feng; Wen, Xue-Fa; Chen, Zhi; Zhang, Lei-Ming; Shi, Pei-Li; Zhu, Xian-Jin; Fu, Yu-Ling; Yu, Gui-Rui; Wang, Hui-Min; Li, Sheng-Gong; Liu, Ying-Chun; Zhang, Li; He, Hong-Lin; Sun, Xiao-Min; Zhao, Feng-Hua; Gao, Yan-Ni] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Key Lab Ecosyst Network Observat & Modeling, Synth Res Ctr,Chinese Ecosyst Res Network, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Ying-Chun; Wang, Yan-Fen] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Yi-Ping] Chinese Acad Sci, Xishuangbanna Trop Bot Garden, Key Lab Trop Forest Ecol, Menglun 666303, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Jun-Hui] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Appl Ecol, Shenyang 110016, Peoples R China.;[Yan, Jun-Hua] Chinese Acad Sci, South China Bot Garden, Guangzhou 510650, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Yu, Gui-Rui] C;Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, 11A Datun Rd, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China.
关键词:
Carbon budget assessment;Ecosystem respiration;Eddy covariance;Gross ecosystem productivity;Net ecosystem productivity;Potential carbon sink
摘要:
Accurate quantifying the magnitudes and distributions of carbon budgets is helpful for strategies in mitigating global climate change. Based on spatial patterns of carbon fluxes (gross ecosystem productivity (GEP), ecosystem respiration (ER) and net ecosystem productivity (NEP)) and their drivers, we constructed geographical statistical assessment schemes and quantified the magnitudes of carbon fluxes in China. The optimal assessment scheme was then validated with observed eddy covariance data to analyze the spatial distributions of carbon fluxes. Using climate-based geographical statistical assessment schemes, our estimates of GEP, ER and NEP in China during 2000s were 7.51±0.51, 5.82±0.16 and 1.91±0.15PgCyr-1, corresponding to 4.29%-6.80%, 5.65%-6.06% and 9.10%-12.73% of global annual carbon fluxes, respectively. The spatial distributions of GEP, ER and NEP, generated from the optimal scheme, were similar, following a southeast-northwest decreasing gradient. The maximum values for GEP, ER and NEP were 1790, 1300 and 490gCm-2yr-1, respectively, which occurred in Central subtropics and Southern subtropics. Climate-based geographical statistical assessment schemes provided an independent dataset for the regional carbon budget assessment, which can be deemed as the potential carbon fluxes. Meanwhile, most areas in China were potential carbon sink especially Eastern China and the largest potential carbon sink appeared in Central subtropics and Southern subtropics. © 2014 Elsevier B.V.
语种:
英文
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亚热带常绿阔叶林土壤磷素空间分布特征及其影响因素
作者:
樊纲惟;项文化;雷丕峰;邹丽梅
期刊:
农业现代化研究 ,2014年35(3):367-370 ISSN:1000-0275
作者机构:
[雷丕峰; 项文化; 樊纲惟; 邹丽梅] 中南林业科技大学生命科学与技术学院,湖南 长沙 410004;南方林业生态应用技术国家工程实验室,湖南 长沙 410004;湖南会同杉木林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,湖南 会同 438107;[雷丕峰; 樊纲惟; 邹丽梅] 南方林业生态应用技术国家工程实验室,湖南 长沙 410004;[雷丕峰; 项文化] 湖南会同杉木林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,湖南 会同 438107
关键词:
全磷;有效磷;常绿阔叶林;空间分布;影响因素;亚热带
摘要:
在湖南省长沙县大山冲国有林场的青冈-石栎常绿阔叶林样地内,用等距离布点法采集土壤和凋落物样品,分析常绿阔叶林内土壤(0-30 cm)、凋落物和腐殖质层的磷素(P)含量,研究土壤全 P 和有效 P 含量的空间分布特征;对土壤全 P 和有效 P 与海拔、凹凸度、凋落物生物量、凋落物全 P 含量和腐殖质层全 P 含量等因素进行相关分析,探讨土壤全 P 和有效 P 在亚热带常绿阔叶林中的分布状况及其形成原因。结果表明,土壤(0-30 cm)全 P 含量范围为0.200-0.402 g/kg,有效 P 含量为2.2-6.7 mg/kg。林地土壤全 P 含量呈条带状的梯度变化,高值区出现在海拔较低的沟谷洼地,低值出现在山脊地带;有效 P 含量则呈斑块状分布,无明显分布规律。林地土壤全 P 含量与海拔和凹凸度均具有极显著负相关(p<0.01),而凋落物生物量、凋落物全 P 含量及腐殖质层全 P 含量对其影响不显著。土壤有效 P 含量受地形因子的影响较小,其与凋落物生物量具有极显著正相关(p<0.01)、与腐殖质层全 P 含量具有显著正相关(p<0.05)。
语种:
中文
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Diagnosing climate change and hydrological responses in the past decades for a minimally-disturbed headwater basin in South China
作者:
Wu, Yiping* ;Cheng, Dongsheng;Yan, Wende;Liu, Shuguang;Xiang, Wenhua;...
期刊:
Water Resources Management ,2014年28(12):4385-4400 ISSN:0920-4741
通讯作者:
Wu, Yiping
作者机构:
[Liu, Shuguang; Wu, Yiping; Yan, Wende; Wu, Qian] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Natl Engn Lab Appl Forest Ecol Technol Soutern Ch, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Cheng, Dongsheng] China Inst Water Resources & Hydropower Res IWHR, Beijing 100038, Peoples R China.;[Xiang, Wenhua] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Fac Life Sci & Technol, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Chen, Ji] Univ Hong Kong, Dept Civil Engn, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.;[Hu, Yueming] South China Agr Univ, Coll Engn, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Wu, Yiping] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Natl Engn Lab Appl Forest Ecol Technol Soutern Ch, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词:
Climate Change;Hydrological responses;SWAT;Trend analysis;Water cycle
摘要:
Identifying the trends of climate and hydrological changes is important for developing adaptive strategies for effective water resources management. Many studies focused on the prediction of future climate at a regional/global scale using General Circulation Models (GCM) or these models’downscaled outcomes. However, diagnosing historical trends is regarded valuable for local areas, especially considering the spatial heterogeneity (both occurrence and magnitude) of climate change and uncertainty of climate projection. In this study, we selected the headwater area of the East River Basin in South China, which has minimal human-induced disturbance, to detect climate change and its hydrological changes over a past 50-year (1955–2004) time period. Although the climate warming agreed with the global situation, its magnitude was small and no sign of intensified rainfall or change of annual rainfall was found. Nevertheless, no-rain days increased and light-rain days decreased, indicating a longer dry interval between rainfall events. There was a significant downtrend of wind speed with a substantial reduction in magnitude, resulting in a decrease in the estimated potential evapotranspiration and a slight increase in the soil water content. Risks of flooding may not be a big concern, but water availability may be affected marginally in May and June due to the decreased rainfall and increased norain days. Overall, our results can improve the understanding of climate change and help watershed managers take precautions when facing climate change. This study also implies the necessity of investigating climate change at a local scale and at different time scales. ©Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2014.
语种:
英文
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石栎-青冈常绿阔叶林土壤有机碳和全氮空间变异特征
作者:
杨丹;项文化;方晰;樊纲惟;许玉庆;...
期刊:
生态学报 ,2014年34(12):3452-3462 ISSN:1000-0933
通讯作者:
Xiang, W.
作者机构:
[杨丹; 项文化; 方晰; 樊纲惟; 许玉庆; 文丽; 邹丽梅] 中南林业科技大学生命科学与技术学院;南方林业生态应用技术国家工程实验室;湖南会同杉木林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站
通讯机构:
Central South University of Forestry and Technology, China
关键词:
地统计学;土壤有机碳;土壤养分;空间异质性;亚热带;常绿阔叶林
摘要:
在1hm~2(100 m×100 m)石栎(Lithocarpus glaber)-青冈(Cyclobalanopsis glauca)常绿阔叶林内100个10 m×10 m小样方的中心位置,按0-10 cm、10-20 cm和20-30 cm 土层采集土壤样品,测定土壤有机碳(C)和全氮(N)含量。基于区域化变量理论和地质统计软件(GS~+ Version 9)的空间分析功能,应用地统计学的半方差函数定量研究该常绿阔叶林土壤有机C和全N的空间变异特征。结果表明:该林地土壤有机C含量平均值为18.61 g/kg,变化范围为9.53-39.40 g/kg,全N含量平均值为1.63 g/kg,变化范围为0.73-3.32 g/kg。土壤有机C 半方差函数的理论模型符合球状模型,全N 半方差函数的理论模型符合高斯模型。土壤有机C和全N的空间异质性主要是由结构性因素引起的,且空间自相关程度均为中等程度。分形维数反映了有机 C和全N空间格局差异及尺度依赖特征,有机C 分形维数较大,空间格局比全N 略为复杂。采用Kriging 插值方法,1 hm~2森林内土壤有机C和全N 具有相似的空间分布格局,呈现明显的条带状和斑块状的梯度变化。土壤有机C含量与海拔、凹凸度呈负相关,但相关性不显著,与林地凋落物量呈极显著正相关。土壤全N含量与海拔、凹凸度呈显著负相关,与林地凋落物量呈正相关,反映出土壤N的淋溶特性。
语种:
中文
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湖南省2009年杉木林碳贮存量及未来固碳潜力分析
作者:
张胜利;项文化;邓湘雯;雷丕锋;方晰
期刊:
中南林业科技大学学报 ,2014年34(6): 94-99,111 ISSN:1673-923X
作者机构:
中南林业科技大学 生命科学与技术学院,湖南长沙,410004;[方晰; 邓湘雯; 项文化; 雷丕锋] 中南林业科技大学 生命科学与技术学院,湖南长沙410004;湖南会同杉木林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,湖南会同438107;南方林业生态应用技术国家工程实验室,湖南长沙410004;[方晰; 邓湘雯] 南方林业生态应用技术国家工程实验室,湖南长沙410004
关键词:
杉木林;碳贮量;固碳潜力;湖南省;森林经营;龄组面积结构调整
摘要:
利用文献数据建立杉木不同龄组(幼龄林、中龄林、近熟林、成熟林和过熟林)的生物量相对生长方程,计算杉木各龄组林分的平均生物量和碳贮量。根据2009年湖南省森林资源数据,估算湖南省及各地市(州)杉木林总生物量和碳贮存总量。从文献中选择生长较好的杉木林作为合理经营状态林分,分析该状态下杉木林各龄组的林分生物量,同时针对湖南省杉木林各龄组的面积分布现状,调整龄组面积结构,估算合理经营状态下和调整龄组结构后杉木林的碳贮量,分析湖南省杉木林的未来固碳潜力,为湖南省杉木林合理经营和生态功能区划提供科学依据。结果表明:2009年湖南省杉木林林分的碳贮量为0.50~227.01 t/hm~2,林分平均碳贮量从幼龄林的5.94 t/hm~2增加到过熟林的147.25 t/hm~2。全省杉木林碳贮存总量为52.16×10~6 t,其中湘潭市杉木林碳贮量最低,为0.42×10~6 t,怀化市的最高,为11.97×10~6 t。杉木幼龄林的碳贮存总量最小(1.94×10~6 t),过熟林最大(13.12×10~6 t)。如果采取合理经营措施,湖南省杉木林碳贮存总量可增加到103.83×10~6 t,约为目前杉木林碳贮存总量的2倍。杉木林龄组结构调整后,湖南省杉木林各龄组碳贮量从幼龄林的1.91×10~6 t增加至过熟林的47.37×10~6 t,全省杉木林碳贮存总量可增加到81.10×10~6 t,为目前杉木林碳贮存总量的1.55倍。可见,湖南省杉木林具有较大的固碳潜力,提高林分单位面积生产力和调整全省杉木林龄组面积结构是增加森林固碳潜力的有效途径。
语种:
中文
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Soil N forms and gross transformation rates in Chinese subtropical forests dominated by different tree species
作者:
Zeng, Yelin;Xiang, Wenhua* ;Deng, Xiangwen;Fang, Xi;Liu, Cong;...
期刊:
Plant and Soil ,2014年384(1-2):231-242 ISSN:0032-079X
通讯作者:
Xiang, Wenhua
作者机构:
[Xiang, Wenhua; Zeng, Yelin; Fang, Xi; Peng, Changhui; Liu, Cong; Deng, Xiangwen] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Fac Life Sci & Technol, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Peng, Changhui] Univ Quebec, Inst Environm Sci, Dept Biol Sci, Montreal, PQ H3C 3P8, Canada.
通讯机构:
[Xiang, Wenhua] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Fac Life Sci & Technol, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词:
Soil N forms;N transformation rate;Tree species;N-15 isotope pool dilution;Microbial biomass;China subtropical forests
摘要:
Knowledge related to extent of differing soil N forms and N transformation rates in subtropical southern China is severely limited. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to investigate if and how tree species of different foliage types (coniferous, deciduous, and evergreen broadleaved) influence N forms and microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN) content as well as gross N transformation rates in the organic and mineral soils of three distinct subtropical forests in China. Chloroform fumigation extraction was used to determine MBC and MBN content while N-15-isotope dilution techniques were used to measure gross N transformation rates. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) was used to quantify relationships between soil chemical characteristics and changes in soil N transformation rates. Soil N forms, MBC and MBN content, and N transformation rates were found to be significantly different between tree species. Deciduous forest soil exhibited the highest N transformation rates. Soil N transformation rates were closely associated with total soil C and N and MBC and MBN content. Soil substrate quantity and soil microbial activity play a more important role in soil N transformation processes than does soil quality in China's subtropical forests. Tree species type should therefore be taken into account when trying to determine ecosystem N cycling.
语种:
英文
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湘中丘陵区4种森林类型土壤微生物生物量碳氮含量
作者:
李胜蓝;方晰;项文化;孙伟军;张仕吉
期刊:
林业科学 ,2014年50(5):8-16 ISSN:1001-7488
作者机构:
[方晰; 孙伟军; 李胜蓝; 项文化] 中南林业科技大学生命科学与技术学院 长沙410004;[方晰; 孙伟军; 李胜蓝; 项文化] 南方林业生态应用技术国家工程实验室 长沙410004;[张仕吉] 中南林业科技大学
关键词:
湘中丘陵区;杉木人工林;演替阶段;天然次生林;土壤微生物生物量碳氮含量
摘要:
采用氯仿熏蒸浸提法,比较湘中丘陵区4种不同森林类型(杉木人工林、马尾松+石栎针阔混交林、南酸枣落叶阔叶林、石栎+青冈常绿阔叶林)土壤微生物生物量碳和氮含量及其季节动态变化,分析土壤微生物生物量碳氮含量与土壤养分含量、含水率的相关性。结果表明: 4种森林各层土壤总有机碳、全氮平均含量的变化趋势基本一致,呈现出随着林分组成树种数量的增加而增大;南酸枣落叶阔叶林和青冈+石栎常绿阔叶林各土层土壤微生物生物量碳和氮含量均高于马尾松+石栎针阔混交林和杉木人工林,且以南酸枣落叶阔叶林最高,杉木人工林最低;土壤微生物生物量碳含量占土壤总有机碳含量的2. 3%~2. 9%,土壤微生物生物量氮含量占全氮含量的4. 5%~6. 4%,均以南酸枣落叶阔叶林最高,马尾松+石栎针阔混交林最低; 4种森林土壤微生物生物量碳和氮含量的季节变化均表现为“单峰曲线型”,呈现出“夏高冬低”型或“秋高春低”型,杉木人工林、马尾松+石栎针阔混交林土壤微生物生物量碳含量季节波动幅度较其他2种森林明显,但其土壤微生物生物量氮含量季节波动幅度没有其他2种森林明显;土壤微生物生物量碳、氮含量与土壤总有机碳、全氮、碱解氮含量之间均极显著正相关(P<0. 01),但与土壤含水率不存在显著的相关性(P>0. 05),初步揭示该地区4种森林土壤微生物生物量碳和氮含量的季节变化不直接受控于土壤自然含水率, 4种森林与环境因子长期共同作用导致土壤总有机碳和全氮含量的差异是影响不同森林土壤微生物生物量碳和氮含量差异及其季节动态变化的主要因素之一。
语种:
中文
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湘中丘陵区不同土地利用方式土壤水溶性有机碳含量
作者:
张仕吉;项文化;孙伟军;方晰
期刊:
生态学杂志 ,2014年33(8):2065-2071 ISSN:1000-4890
通讯作者:
Xiang, W.-H.
作者机构:
[方晰; 项文化] 中南林业科技大学生命科学与技术学院,长沙410004;[方晰; 项文化] 南方林业生态应用技术国家工程实验室,长沙410004;[孙伟军; 张仕吉] 中南林业科技大学
通讯机构:
[Xiang, W.-H.] C;College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
关键词:
湘中丘陵区;土地利用方式;土壤水溶性有机碳;季节变化
摘要:
为了解土地利用方式对土壤有机碳库的影响,研究了湘中丘陵区6种土地利用方式(石栎+青冈次生林、杉木人工林、毛竹林、苗圃、农用旱地、水田)土壤水溶性有机碳(DOC)含量及其季节动态,分析了土壤DOC含量与土壤自然含水率、碳(C)、氮(N)含量之间的关系。结果表明:土壤DOC含量随土壤深度增加而下降,秋季土层之间差异最小,土壤DOC分配比例随土壤深度增加而增大;不同土地利用方式土壤DOC含量差异显著,与石栎+青冈次生林相比,毛竹林、杉木人工林、水田、农用旱地、苗圃依次下降了10% ~12%、11% ~ 12% 、13% ~19%、18% ~ 25%和37% ~ 42%,夏季不同土地利用方式之间差异最大。不同土地利用方式土壤DOC含量季节变化明显,均表现为:春、夏、冬季较高,秋季最低,秋季与春、夏、冬季之间差异显著;土壤DOC含量与土壤自然含水率、TOC、MBC、ROC、MOC、全N、水解N.含量呈显著或极显著正相关。可见,土地利用方式显著影响土壤DOC含量及其空间分布,次生林转变为人工林或农用地后,土壤DOC含量明显下降。
语种:
中文
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常绿阔叶林石栎和青冈种群生活史特征与空间分布格局
作者:
赵丽娟;项文化
期刊:
西北植物学报 ,2014年34(6):1259-1268 ISSN:1000-4025
作者机构:
[赵丽娟; 项文化] 中南林业科技大学生命科学学院
关键词:
常绿阔叶林;年龄结构;存活曲线;空间格局;空间关联;种群动态
摘要:
以中亚热带低山丘陵常绿阔叶林石栎-青冈群落为研究对象,采用相邻格子法在湖南省长沙县大山冲林场建立1hm~2永久性监测样地,通过编制静态生命表绘制种群年龄结构图和存活曲线以及应用Ripley's K 函数,研究了石栎和青冈的生活史动态、空间点格局以及不同生活史的空间关联性。结果显示:(1)两种群的死亡率随径级的增加呈上升趋势,在幼树(Ⅰ级)到小树(Ⅱ级)阶段均达到死亡高峰;两种群均属于增长型年龄结构,生命曲线接近于Ⅰ型(曲线凸型)。(2)分布格局主要呈聚集分布,聚集强度随空间距离的增大而增强,随年龄的增大石栎种群呈下降趋势,青冈种群呈先减弱后增强的趋势。(3)石栎和青冈的幼树、小树在小尺度上与中树、大树显著正关联,且青冈在t>15m的尺度上小树和大树亦显著正关联。研究表明,物种的生物学特征和种内、种间竞争是影响石栎、青冈种群生存力的重要因素;种子扩散、萌芽繁殖、生境特化和负密度效应是维持石栎和青冈种群空间格局的主要驱动因子。
语种:
中文
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Influence of thinning on acidic deposition in Chinese fir plantations
作者:
Liu Si-mian;Tian Da-lun;Xiang Wen-hua;Yan Wen-de;Liu Yun-guo* ;...
期刊:
中南大学学报(英文版) ,2014年21(2):694-700 ISSN:2095-2899
通讯作者:
Liu Yun-guo
作者机构:
[Hu Xin-jiang; Liu Si-mian; Liu Yun-guo] Hunan Univ, Coll Environm Sci & Engn, Changsha 410082, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Hu Xin-jiang; Liu Si-mian; Liu Yun-guo] Hunan Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Environm Biol & Pollut Control, Changsha 410082, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Tian Da-lun; Xiang Wen-hua] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Fac Life Sci & Technol, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Tian Da-lun; Xiang Wen-hua; Yan Wen-de] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Sect Ecol Res, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Liu Yun-guo] H;Hunan Univ, Coll Environm Sci & Engn, Changsha 410082, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词:
thinning;acidic deposition;Chinese fir;biomass;soil properties
摘要:
Acidic deposition,which is mainly caused by atmospheric pollution,is one of the global environmental problems.Thinning is an effective management to improve the tree productivity,reduce the wildfire risk and maintain a healthy forest.Since thinning may reduce the effect of acidic deposition,the effect of thinning on acidic deposition was estimated.The biomass,soil properties,pH value of runoff and groundwater in both unthinned and thinned Chinese fir plantations were measured and compared over a 5-year period(2-6 years after thinning).The results indicated that acidic deposition in the Huitong State Ecosystem Research Station was serious,and it got worse with time.Forest thinning resulted in a huge change in biomass and soil properties.During the 5-year monitoring period,biomasses of understory and litter,plant species richness,coverage of undergrowth plant layer were significantly higher in thinned site than in unthinned site.Moreover,higher soil fertility as well as lower amounts of runoff and groundwater were found in thinned site.It was suggested that thinning could improve the structure of forest,leading to restoring the effluent(runoff and groundwater) pH to the normal value.
语种:
英文
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湘中丘陵区南酸枣阔叶林群落特征及群落更新
作者:
易好;邓湘雯;项文化;方晰;赵丽娟;...
期刊:
生态学报 ,2014年34(12):3463-3471 ISSN:1000-0933
通讯作者:
Deng, X.
作者机构:
中南林业科技大学生命科学与技术学院,长沙,410004;中南林业科技大学林学院,长沙,410004
通讯机构:
Central South University of Forestry and Technology, China
关键词:
南酸枣;植物多样性;落叶阔叶林;群落更新
摘要:
南酸枣阔叶林群落是湘中丘陵区的重要的森林群落类型之一,在森林演替过程中占有重要的地位。在湘中丘陵区长沙县大山冲林场的代表性群落---南酸枣阔叶林群落(The Choerospondias axillaries broad-leaved community)设立1 hm~2固定样地,对其群落学特征进行调查,分析其植物多样性和更新动态。结果表明:群落中胸径≥1cm的乔木树种共有25科42属59种。乔木层中南酸枣(Choerospondias axillaries)的重要值最大(23.57),是群落中的建群种;南酸枣胸径和树高结构均呈正态分布,南酸枣幼苗(1.0cm≤DBH<1.5cm)只有6株;群落中四川山矾(Symplocos setchuensis)的重要值(10.46)排第二,但胸径小于1.5 cm的幼树数量较多(占种群数量的22.0%),格药柃(Eurya muricata)、千年桐(Aleurites montana)和毛豹皮樟(Lindera coreana)的重要值分别为7.98(幼树数占种群数量的16.8%),5 .39(幼树数占种群数量的11.7%),4 .17(幼树数占种群数量的11.0%),这4个乔木树种的径级结构均呈倒J 型分布;林分的成层结构中,上层木主要为南酸枣,下层木主要为四川山矾、格药柃、千年桐和毛豹皮樟。林下幼苗主要为常绿阔叶树种,且更新良好,并将成为下一个演替阶段的建群种。南酸枣的幼苗更新不良情况说明其在群落中的优势地位在逐年降低,而四川山矾、格药柃、千年桐、毛豹皮樟等树种的优势地位呈上升趋势,表明湘中丘陵区的南酸枣阔叶林群落正在朝常绿阔叶林的方向演替。灌木、草本层中共有植物37种,重要值前5位的种为檵木(Loropetalum chinensis)、满山红(Rhododendron mariesii)、乌饭(Vaccinium bracteatum)、栀子(Gardenia jasminoides)、映山红(Rhododendron simsii)分别为54.59、21.85、4.98、4.63、4.53,其中,檵木和满山红在灌木层中的优势地位明显。
语种:
中文
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一株拮抗立枯丝核菌的放线菌筛选、鉴定及生理特性
作者:
张靖宜;张倩茹;项文化;魏树和;牟文燕
期刊:
生态学杂志 ,2014年33(2):394-399 ISSN:1000-4890
通讯作者:
Zhang, Q.-R.
作者机构:
[张靖宜; 项文化] 中南林业科技大学生命科学与技术学院;[张倩茹; 魏树和; 牟文燕] 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所
通讯机构:
Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
关键词:
立枯丝核菌;双齿围沙蚕;淡紫灰链霉菌;16S rDNA;系统发育树
摘要:
通过对峙实验,从采集自黄渤海海域的双齿围沙蚕(Perinereis aibuhitensis)中分离到一株内生放线菌SCF-18,并对其抑菌活性进行分析。SCF-18对立枯丝核菌(Rhizoctonia)和小麦根腐病菌(Bipolaris sorokiniana)都具有拮抗作用,且对立枯丝核菌生长的拮抗效果最为明显,生长抑制率为89.78%。抑菌试验结果表明:菌株SCF-18发酵滤液可以抑制立枯丝核菌丝的生长,发酵液浓度越高,抑制力越强;当发酵液浓度达到50%时,对两种病原菌的抑制率分别为89.78%和80.26%。菌株SCF-18生长特性试验结果表明:菌株 SCF-18生长最适温度为30℃,最适pH值为7;放线菌SCF-18耐盐度可达5%。根据形态特征、培养特征、生理生化特性和16S rDNA序列分析,将放线菌SCF-18初步鉴定为淡紫灰链霉菌(Streptomyces lavendulae)。本研究发现,SCF-18菌株是防治立枯丝核菌等病原菌的潜在优良生防菌株,具有潜在的开发应用价值。
语种:
中文
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